Zoonotic Epidemic of Sporotrichosis: Cat to Human Transmission

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)|Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fiocruz MS, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis, Lab Clin Res Dermatozoonosis Domest Anim, Rio De Janeiro, BrazilFed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Div Cell Biol, Sao Paulo, BrazilCell Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilCNPq: 478262/2013-2FAPERJ: E-23/102.255/2013FAPESP: 2015/19746-8CAPES: BEX 2325/11-0CAPES: 88887.091508/2014-00Web of Scienc

In vitro susceptibility of antifungal drugs against Sporothrix brasiliensis recovered from cats with sporotrichosis in Brazil

Sporotrichosis is an important subcutaneous mycosis of humans and animals. Classically, the disease is acquired upon traumatic inoculation of Sporothrix propagules from contaminated soil and plant debris. In addition, the direct horizontal transmission of Sporothrix among animals and the resulting zoonotic infection in humans highlight an alternative and efficient rout of transmission through biting and scratching. Sporothrix brasiliensis is themost virulent species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex and is responsible for the long-lasting outbreak of feline sporotrichosis in Brazil. However, antifungal susceptibility data of animal-borne isolates is scarce. Therefore, this study evaluated the in vitro activity of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, and ketoconazole against animal-borne isolates of S. brasiliensis. The susceptibility tests were performed through broth microdilution (M38-A2). The results show the relevant activity of itraconazole, amphotericin B, and ketoconazole against S. brasiliensis, with the following MIC ranges: 0.125-2, 0.125-4 and 0.0312-2 mu g/ml, respectively. Caspofungin was moderately effective, displaying higher variation in MIC values (0.25-64 mu g/ml). Voriconazole (2-64 mu g/ml) and fluconazole (62.5-500 mu g/ml) showed low activity against S. brasiliensis strains. This study contributed to the characterization of the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of strains of S. brasiliensis recovered from cats with sporotrichosis, which have recently been considered the main source of human infections.Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 304779/20113)Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Programa Estrategico de Apoio a Pesquisa em Saude VI - Fiocruz/CNPqFundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Univ Fed Ceara, Specialized Med Mycol Ctr, Postgrad Program Med Microbiol, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Cellular Biol Div, Sao Paulo, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis, Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Cellular Biol Div, Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2011/07350-1FAPESP: 2009/54024-2CNPq: 304779/20113CAPES: AE1-0052-000650100/11Fiocruz/CNPq: 407771/2013-3FAPERJ: E-26/102.255/2013Web of Scienc