The effect of dicarboxymethyl cellulose on the prevention of protein haze formation on white wine

Funding Information: This research was funded by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV, which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020) and by Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia (FCT) under the PhD grant DFA/BD/5529/2020. FCT/MCTES is also acknowledged for the National NMR Facility (RECI/BBB-BQB/0230/2012 and RECI/BBB-BEP/0124/2012). We acknowledge the NMR laboratory and the analysis laboratory at LAQV REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Portugal for the NMR, ICP-AES and XRD data obtained. We thank Enartis for sharing their knowledge, insight, and experience. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Wine clarity is a critical aspect in the commercialization of white wines. The formation of wine haze can be attributed to the aggregation and precipitation of heat-unstable wine proteins. Bentonite fining is the commonly used method in winemaking for protein removal, but it is responsible for loss of wine volume and quality. Dicarboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) was developed as a potential alternative to bentonite. Water-insoluble DCMC was prepared via catalyzed heterogeneous etherification using sodium chloromalonate and potassium iodide. White wine fining trials were benchmarked with different dosages of DCMC against a bentonite. A high-performance liquid chromatography method was optimized for protein quantification. The samples underwent heat stability tests to evaluate wine turbidity before and after fining. Results show that DCMC successfully reduced the wine protein content and turbidity. DCMC produced heat-stable wines with dosages higher than 0.25 g/L. The innovative application of DCMC in the wine sector shows potential due to its ability to stabilize white wines while overcoming problems associated with bentonite, such as lees production and loss of wine, contributing to a more sustainable process.publishersversionpublishe

In search of the urban variable : Understanding the roots of urban planning in Portugal

This article demonstrates how public control over the street was at the origin of modern urban planning in Lisbon. The increased pressure over the street in the nineteenth-century city demanded increased public intervention, which was at the roots of urban planning as practice and as a body of theory. The strategic character assumed by urban planning derived from the fact that it was at the crossroads of the most important problems that nineteenth-century cities experienced: sanitation, circulation, and beautification. The preparation of the first Portuguese law on urban planning (1864) and the first improvement plan (1881) resulted from this need to exercise public monopoly over the use of the city streets. However, the financial, political, and technical conditions defined the scope of possibilities for the programme of improvement and beautification of the Portuguese capital. This article analyses the compromises between the forces driving modernisation and the limits of the possibilities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A reserva legal nas cooperativas: um estudo de caso de uma cooperativa centenária portuense

O objetivo da presente comunicação consiste em refletir sobre as principais diferenças entre o tratamento jurídico e contabilístico da reserva legal nas cooperativas e nas sociedades comerciais. Assim, partindo de uma análise crítica do regime previsto no Código Cooperativo Português, e tendo por referência os documentos contabilísticos da Cooperativa dos Pedreiros, esta comunicação procura responder a questões pertinentes no que concerne à constituição e utilização da reserva legal e à sua finalidade quer durante a vida das cooperativas quer no momento da dissolução e liquidação do seu património. Os resultados do estudo confirmam que a reserva legal nas cooperativas tem um regime jurídico diferente face ao das sociedades comerciais, nomeadamente quanto ao destino da reserva legal, que nas cooperativas se circunscreve à cobertura de perdas, bem como a sua irrepartibilidade. Tendo em conta o caráter variável do capital social cooperativo, a reserva legal apresentase como o recurso financeiro de melhor qualidade nas cooperativas. Impõe-se, no entanto, uma alteração ao normativo jurídico português aplicável às cooperativas quanto a aspetos particulares do regime jurídico das cooperativas, destacando-se a necessidade do estabelecimento de uma hierarquia entre as diferentes reservas, no sentido de que, para efeitos de cobertura de prejuízos, a reserva legal só seja movimentada depois de esgotadas as outras reservas

The role of Polypharmacology and Cholinesterase inhibitors

Publisher Copyright: © 2023 NOVA School of Science and Technology. ChemistrySelect published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating syndrome that accounts for 60–70 % of all dementia cases, putting an enormous burden on global healthcare and economy. Unfortunately, there is no cure for AD, and the currently approved drugs are limited in their effects. Given the various pathological mechanisms behind AD, the “one-target, one-drug” paradigm for drug design became obsolete, and a new paradigm, polypharmacology, emerged. Consequently, a greater focus has been put towards multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs), as these can regulate several targets operating in the disease network. Parallel to that, cholinesterase inhibitors have regained popularity after decades of being considered only symptomatic agents with no disease-modifying properties. In this review, the current AD hypotheses and therapeutic targets, the concept of polypharmacology in AD pathology and the importance of cholinesterases in the pathogenesis and biochemical processes of AD are discussed, with a final overview of the current development in cholinesterase-based MTDLs.publishersversionpublishe

Synthesis and characterization of dicarboxymethyl cellulose

Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UID/QUI/50006/2019). FCT, Portugal (ROTEIRO/0031/2013–PINFRA/22161/2016, co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE 2020, POCI, and PORL and FCT through PIDDAC).Synthesis of dicarboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) under heterogeneous conditions was examined. Cellulose was etherified using sodium bromomalonate in isopropanol/water in the presence of NaOH. The reaction was performed with five different NaOH concentrations (5–30 w/v %) and the products were characterized by anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (AE-HPLC), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission- (ICP-AES), Fourier transform infrared- (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1D-/2D-NMR) spectroscopy. Adjusting the amount of NaOH resulted in increasing functionalization of the cellulose achieving an average degree of substitution (DS) between 0.05 and 0.51. Both ICP-AES and AE-HPLC gave comparable DS values. NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that etherification occurred preferably at O-6 and, to a certain extent, at the secondary positions depending on the reaction conditions. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].authorsversionpublishe

Relação entre o ruído e as variáveis do processo produtivo na indústria extractiva a céu aberto

O ruído está intimamente associado a todos os processos industriais, sendo os ligados à indústria extractiva dos mais ruidosos. O presente artigo pretende equacionar o estado da arte relativamente a relações entre a variável ocupacional – Ruído e as inerentes ao processo produtivo. Teve por base uma pesquisa bibliográfica, desenvolvida através da combinação de um conjunto de palavras-chave, pré-definidas, diretamente ligadas às varáveis a tratar. Da pesquiza efectuada pode-se concluir que as variáveis inerentes aos equipamentos e respetivas operações são as mais significativas. Foi também verificado que a variável ruído se encontra muitas vezes associada a vibrações transmitidas aos sistemas mão-braço e corpo inteiro e a substâncias ototóxicas. Tal, entre outras causas, faz com que aumente a dificuldade em classificar a PAIR como uma doença profissional. Por último, por envolver custos e redução na produtividade, verificou-se ainda que os trabalhadores com PAIR são mais vulneráveis a acidentes de trabalho

Invasive plants: Turning enemies into value

UID/QUI/50006/2020In this review, a brief description of the invasive phenomena associated with plants and its consequences to the ecosystem is presented. Five worldwide invasive plants that are a threat to Portugal were selected as an example, and a brief description of each is presented. A full description of their secondary metabolites and biological activity is given, and a resume of the biological activity of extracts is also included. The chemical and pharmaceutical potential of invasive species sensu lato is thus acknowledged. With this paper, we hope to demonstrate that invasive species have potential positive attributes even though at the same time they might need to be controlled or eradicated. Positive attributes include chemical and pharmaceutical properties and developing these could help mitigate the costs of management and eradication.publishersversionpublishe

A novel cellulose-based polymer for efficient removal of methylene blue

UID/QUI/50006/2019A novel cellulose-based cross-linked polymer, dicarboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC), has been synthesized and used for methylene blue (MB) removal. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen porosimetry, and optical microscopy were employed to characterize the structure of the cellulose-based adsorbent. The number of carboxylate groups per gram of polymer (CG) was calculated with sodium content determined by ICP-AES. Systematic equilibrium and kinetic adsorption studies were performed to assess the polymer suitability for dye removal. The effect of pH on its adsorption capacity was also studied and the equilibrium adsorption data was analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips isotherms. At pH = 3, the adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 887.6 mg/g. At pH = 6.4, the adsorption isotherms produced S-shape curves and were best fitted with the Sips model. The maximum MB uptake increased to 1354.6 mg/g. Pseudo first-order and second-order models were used to fit the kinetic data. A pseudo second-order kinetic model provided the best correlation for the adsorption of MB onto DCMC. Adsorption coupled with membrane filtration achieved 95% methylene blue removal and DCMC can be successfully regenerated and reused in consecutive experiments.publishersversionpublishe