Physicians' self-assessed empathy levels do not correlate with patients' assessments

Empathy is a fundamental humanistic component of patient care which facilitates efficient and patient-centered clinical encounters. Despite being the principal recipient of physician empathy little work on how patients perceive/report receiving empathy from their physicians has been undertaken. In the context of doctor-patient interactions, knowledge about empathy has mostly originated from physicians' perspectives and has been developed from studies using self-assessment instruments. In general, self-assessment may not correlate well with the reality observed by others.Funding was provided by Fapesp-Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo(2016/11908-1) to Dr Marco Antonio Carvalho-Filhoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Learn+Fun! Social Media and Gamification sum up to foster a community of practice during an Emergency Medicine Rotation

Purpose: Medical students and clinical teachers thrive to establish meaningful learning relationships in overwhelmed and ever-shorter clinical rotations. The challenge for medical educators is to design pedagogical approaches capable of bonding students and teachers into the same community of practice (CoP). In this work, the authors explored how Social Media and Gamification strategies sum up to boost medical students’ participation in a blended learning strategy to teach Emergency Medicine. Method: Final year medical students (n = 462) from 5 consecutive years were included in a longitudinal study with historical controls and were divided into three groups. The first group (CONTROL; n = 125) had access to a blended learning strategy; the second group (FACE; n = 179) had access to the blended learning strategy and interacted with a fictional facilitator in Social Media; and the third group (GAME; n = 158) had access to the former strategies plus a gamification approach. Results: Social media and gamification progressively increased students’ participation in the online course as measured by the number of hours logged on from an average of 60 h in CONTROL to 87 h in FACE and 140 h in GAME (P < 0.01). There was a positive and significant correlation between students’ grades on cognitive tests and OSCEs exams with the online participation. Both strategies nurtured students’ sense of belonging to the community of Emergency Medicine and improved their self-regulation to study. Discussion: Social Media and Gamification catalyzed the consolidation of a shared identity for students and teachers, which fostered the creation of a community of practice and increased the participation of students in learning activities. Keywords: Community of practice, Social media, Medical education, Gamificatio

Atención selectiva visual e inteligencia: evidencia de validación para la escala de atención selectiva visual

The aim of this research was to look for two kinds of evidence of validity for the Escala de Atenção Seletiva Visual (EASE). Firstly, the means of two contrasted group was analyzed, and then the scale EASE was correlated with the Teste de Raciocínio Inferencial. This research involved 119 students (M=22,96 and DP=5,67), most of them female (79%). The scores of the Escala de Atenção Seletiva e Visual ranged from four to 30 points, while the Teste de Raciocínio Inferencial ranged from zero to 36. The differences of means were compared between the contrasted groups (t=-2,47; df=63; p=0,017), which indicated that one test could discriminate the other. Besides, a positive and significant coefficient of correlation (r=0,24; p=0,01) between total scores of the tests was detected. Therefore, the objective of this study was achieved, since two evidences of validity (a convergent-discriminant and by extreme groups) were found.El objetivo de esta investigación fue buscar evidencias de validez para la Escala de Atenção Seletiva Visual. Primeramente, fue estudiada por grupos de contraste y después correlacionando con el Test de Raciocinio Inferencial. La investigación involucró 119 estudiantes universitarios con promedio de edad de 22,96 (DP=5,67), predominantemente del sexo femenino (79%). Las puntuaciones de la Escala de Atenção Seletiva e Visual variaron entre cuatro y 30 puntos, mientras que las del test de Raciocinio Inferencial se quedaron entre cero y 36 puntos. Fueron comparados los promedios de los grupos de contraste (t=-2,47; gl=63; p=0,017) y el resultado indicó que un test discriminó el otro. Además, fue constatada una correlación positiva y significativa (r=0,24; p=0,01) entre las puntuaciones totales de los dos testes. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de estudio fue logrado, puesto que fue hallada una evidencia de validez convergente-discriminante como también por grupos de contraste

Reduced physical functional performance before hospitalization predicts life support limitations and mortality in nonsurgical intensive care unit patients

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether scales of physical functional performance and the surprise question (“Would I be surprised if this patient died in 6 months?”) predict life support limitations and mortality in critically ill nonsurgical patients. METHODS: We included 114 patients admitted from the Emergency Department to an intensive care unit in this prospective cohort. Physical functional performance was assessed by the Palliative Prognostic Score, Karnofsky Performance Status, and the Katz Activities of Daily Living scale. Two intensivists responded to the surprise question. RESULTS: The proposed physical functional performance scores were significantly lower in patients with life support limitations and those who died during the hospital stay. A negative response to the surprise question was more frequent in the same subset of patients. Adjusted univariable analysis showed an increased odds ratio for life support limitations and death regarding the activities of daily living scale (1.35 [1.01 - 1.78] and 1.34 [1.0 - 1.79], respectively) and a negative response for the surprise question (42.35 [11.62 - 154.43] and 47.79 [11.41 - 200.25], respectively); with a p < 0.05 for all results. CONCLUSION: All physical functional performance scales showed lower scores in nonsurvivors and patients with life support limitations. The activities of daily living score and the surprise question increased the odds of life support limitations and mortality in our cohort of nonsurgical intensive care unit patients admitted from the Emergency Department

Fit indices for the CARE scale.

<p>Fit indices for the CARE scale.</p

Descriptive and comparative statistics for physicians’ characteristics.

<p>Descriptive and comparative statistics for physicians’ characteristics.</p

Pearson correlations between empathy measurements: Physicians’ and patients’ perspectives.

<p>Pearson correlations between empathy measurements: Physicians’ and patients’ perspectives.</p

Patient´s flowchart.

<p>Patient´s flowchart.</p

Fit indices for the JSPPE.

<p>Fit indices for the JSPPE.</p