Perfil de medicamentos descartados pelos usuários do sistema único de saúde no município de Divinópolis-MG

O objetivo do estudo foi orientar profissionais e usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) sobre o descarte e armazenamento de medicamentos, além de identificar o perfil de medicamentos descartados, em Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. As quatro etapas do estudo foram desenvolvidas de Março a Dezembro de 2014, a saber: 1) a escolha de doze Unidades de Saúde (Unidade Básica de Saúde ou Estratégia de Saúde da Família); 2)contato com a unidade de saúde para agendamento da palestra educativa; 3) realização da palestra e coleta dos medicamentos descartados; 4) Análise do perfil dos medicamentos coletados. Foram recolhidas 11.518 unidades de medicamentos, sendo 9.729 vencidos (84,5%). A forma farmacêutica mais encontrada foi o comprimido (95,2%). As classes farmacológicas mais coletadas foram os anti-hipertensivos (22,0%), hipoglicemiante oral (10,7%) e antiagregante plaquetário (10,6%). Observou-se elevada frequência de medicamentos vencidos, o que evidencia a necessidade de estratégias educativas para pacientes e equipe de saúde

Armazenamento e descarte de medicamentos:: Estratégia educativa e perfil de medicamentos descartados

The objective of study was guide health professionals and users of Brazilian Public Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde -SUS) about the disposal and storage of drugs, besides to identify the discarded drug profile, in Divinópolis city, Minas Gerais. The four stages of the study were developed from March to December 2014: 1) 12 health care centers selected (Primary health care units); 2) contact with health care centers for scheduling the educational lecture; 3) educational lecture and drugs collection were done; 4) Analysis of the drugs profile. It were collected 11,518 unit of drugs, 9,729 (84.5%) was expired. The most frequent pharmaceutical form was tablets (95.2%). The most collected pharmacological classes were anti-hypertensive (22.0%), oral hypoglycemic agents (10.7%) and antiplatelet (10.6%). There was a high frequency of expired drugs, which highlights the need for educational strategies for patients and health professionalsO objetivo do estudo foi orientar profissionais e usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) sobre o descarte e armazenamento de medicamentos, além de identificar o perfil de medicamentos descartados, em Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. As quatro etapas do estudo foram desenvolvidas de Março a Dezembro de 2014, a saber: 1) a escolha de doze Unidades de Saúde (Unidade Básica de Saúde ou Estratégia de Saúde da Família); 2)contato com a unidade de saúde para agendamento da palestra educativa; 3) realização da palestra e coleta dos medicamentos descartados; 4) Análise do perfil dos medicamentos coletados. Foram recolhidas 11.518 unidades de medicamentos, sendo 9.729 vencidos (84,5%). A forma farmacêutica mais encontrada foi o comprimido (95,2%). As classes farmacológicas mais coletadas foram os antihipertensivos (22,0%), hipoglicemiante oral (10,7%) e antiagregante plaquetário (10,6%). Observou-se elevada frequência de medicamentos vencidos, o que evidencia a necessidade de estratégias educativas para pacientes e equipe de saúde.El objetivo fue orientar a los profesionales y usuarios del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) sobre la eliminación y el almacenamiento de los medicamentos e identificar el perfil de medicamentos eliminados, en Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. Las cuatro etapas del estudio se han desarrollado de marzo a diciembre de 2014:1) la elección de doce Unidades de Salud (atención primaria de salud); 2) en contacto con la unidad de salud para la programación; 3) la realización de la charla y la recogida de los medicamentos eliminados; 4) el análisis del perfil de los medicamentos recogidos. Fueron recogidos 11.518 unidades de medicamentos, sendo 9.729 se encontraban fuera del período de validez (84,5%). La forma farmacêutica mas encontrada fue el comprimido (95,2%). Las clases farmacológicas mas encontradas fueron antihipertensivos (22,0%), hipoglucemiantes orales (10,7%) y antiagregantes (10,6%). Se notó alta frecuencia de productos caducados, que pudo envidenciar la necesidad de estrategias educativa

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially