Incidencia de cáncer cervicouterino en usuarias gestantes y no gestantes estudiadas en el hospital regional de Pilar de enero a diciembre de 2021

Cervical cancer is a major public health problem that occurs in women of reproductive age, and is the cause of up to 50% of all neoplasia deaths in women. Every year about 233,000 women die from this cause in developing countries, it affects all populations in the world and is the second cause of death in underdeveloped countries. Among the risk factors for this type of cancer we find a linear correlation with sexual activity, women who start it before the age of 17, multiparity, smoking, the use of oral contraceptives for long periods, among others. The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of pregnant and non-pregnant users studied at the Pilar Regional Hospital from January to December 2021. A retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, in which the population consisted of all the patients who attended said hospital in the gynecology, family planning, prenatal and general file services. Of 350 records analyzed, 157 cases of women who presented cervical cancer were recorded, in terms of sociodemographic data the average age was 21 years and menarche an average of 13 years. According to cytology, 93% of the users gave a negative result. Regarding parity, 15% of them were primiparous. Of the contraceptive methods used, 76% did not use any method, only 8% used condoms.El cáncer cervicouterino es un importante problema de salud pública que se presenta en mujeres en edad reproductiva, y es la causa de hasta un 50% de todas las defunciones por neoplasia en la mujer. Cada año fallecen cerca de 233000 mujeres por esta causa en países en desarrollo, afecta a todas las poblaciones del mundo y ocupa la segunda causa de muerte en países subdesarrollados. Entre los factores de riesgo para este tipo de cáncer encontramos una correlación lineal con la actividad sexual, mujeres que inician la misma antes de los 17 años, la multiparidad, el hábito tabáquico, el uso de anticonceptivos orales por largos periodos, entre otros. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la incidencia de las usuarias gestantes y no gestantes estudiadas en el Hospital Regional de Pilar de Enero a Diciembre de 2021. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo de corte transversal, en la que la población estuvo constituida por todas las pacientes que acudieron a dicho nosocomio en los servicios de ginecología, planificación familiar, prenatal y archivo general. De 350 fichas analizadas se registraron 157 casos de mujeres que presentaron cáncer cervicouterino, en cuanto a los datos sociodemográficos la edad promedio fue de 21 años y la menarca un promedio de 13 años. De acuerdo a la citología el 93% de las usuarias dieron un resultado negativo. En cuanto a la paridad 15% de ellas eran primíparas. De los métodos anticonceptivos utilizados el 76% no utilizaban ningún método solo el 8% utilizaban el preservativo

Frecuencia de carcinoma ductal in situ en pacientes del servicio de mastología del hospital nacional de Itauguá-Paraguay en un periodo de enero 2012 a diciembre 2019

Breast cancer represents a public health problem due to its frequency and mainly because the diagnosis and treatment alter the quality of the women affected in all dimensions, it represents the leading cause of death from any type of cancer in the female population and its Prognosis depends fundamentally on the extent or stage of the disease in which it is diagnosed and the tumor subtype. Detection of ductal carcinoma in situ is evidence that public health programs are effective; Since this stage is curable, this is why it is important to carry out this study, in order to determine the number of patients arriving in early stages, who could benefit from less invasive but curative treatments. A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the frequency of ductal carcinoma in situ in patients with a diagnosis of breast cancer from the HNI Mastology Service from 2012 to 2019. A total of 24 patients with said disease were found. diagnosis, which corresponded to 3.1% of all diagnosed cancers. Most of them came from the Central Department, approximately 50 years old, with no valuable family or personal pathological history, with a high-grade histological pattern with comedoconecrosis and positive hormone receptors; half received conservative treatment, and the rest, mastectomy; 20.83% of the patients received immediate reconstructive treatment. The low percentage of detection in early stages of breast cancer in our environment is noteworthy.El cáncer de mama representa un problema de salud pública debido a su frecuencia y principalmente porque el diagnóstico y tratamiento alteran la calidad de las mujeres afectadas en todas las dimensiones, representa la primera causa de muerte por cualquier tipo de cáncer en la población femenina y su pronóstico depende fundamentalmente de la extensión o de la etapa de la enfermedad en la que se diagnostique y del subtipo tumoral. La detección del carcinoma ductal in situ es la evidencia de que los programas de salud pública son efectivos; ya que este estadio es curable, he aquí la importancia de realizar este estudio, a fin de determinar la cantidad de pacientes que llegan en estadios precoces, que podrían ser beneficiadas de tratamientos menos cruentos pero curativos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte trasversal a fin de determinar la frecuencia de carcinoma ductal in situ en pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama del Servicio de Mastología del HNI del 2012 al 2019. Se encontró un total de 24 pacientes con dicho diagnóstico, que correspondió al 3,1% del total de cánceres diagnosticados. En su mayoría provenientes del Departamento Central, de aproximadamente 50 años, sin antecedentes patológicos familiares ni personales de valor, con patrón histológico de alto grado con comedoconecrosis y receptores hormonales positivos; la mitad recibió tratamiento conservado, y la restante, mastectomía; el 20,83% de las pacientes recibió tratamiento reconstructivo inmediato. Es destacable el bajo porcentaje de detección en estadios precoces del cáncer de mama en nuestro medio

Prevalencia de la enfermedad de chagas en gestantes del hospital regional de Pilar en el periodo 2020- 2021

Chagas disease, also called American trypanosomiasis, is a life-threatening disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. The main vectors are insects of the triatomine species, the main vector in South America being Triatoma infestans. According to PAHO/WHO, this disease constitutes one of the main public health problems in several countries, mainly in Latin America. Clinically, 3 stages of the disease are recognized; the initial or acute stage, which is short-lived and is separated by an indeterminate asymptomatic stage, to then gradually enter the chronic stage, which generally appears late. Lesions occur mainly in the myocardium and viscera, with chronic patients presenting up to 30% cardiac alterations and 10% digestive, neurological or combined alterations. The objective of the study Determine the prevalence of Chagas disease in pregnant women studied in the HRP period 2020 to 2021. A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out. The population made up of 7,160 pregnant women who attended the Pilar Regional Hospital in the Gynecology-Obstetrics service in the years 2020-2021. The sample consisted of 45 pregnant women studied in a public hospital in the Ñeembucu department of Paraguay, 14 (31%) represent the prevalence of Chagas disease in pregnant women. Among the sociodemographic data, we observe that the average age of the pregnant women who consulted is 29 years, 38 (84%) from the Rural area. Risk Factor 31 (68%) do not have a risk factor and 7 (16%) have Arterial Hypertension, 35 (78%) underwent the study in the third trimestreLa enfermedad de Chagas, también llamada tripanosomiasis americana,  enfermedad potencialmente mortal causada por el parásito protozoo Trypanosoma cruzi. Los principales vectores son insectos de la especie triatominos, siendo el principal vector en América del Sur el Triatoma infestans. Según la OPS/OMS, esta enfermedad constituye uno de los principales problemas de salud pública en diversos países, principalmente en América Latina. Clínicamente se reconocen 3 etapas de la enfermedad; la inicial o aguda que es de corta duración y está separada por una etapa asintomática indeterminada para luego entrar poco a poco en la etapa crónica la que generalmente aparece tardíamente. Las lesiones se producen principalmente en el miocardio y vísceras presentando los enfermos crónicos hasta un 30 % alteraciones cardiacas y un 10 % alteraciones digestivas, neurológicas o combinadas. El objetivo del estudio Determinar la prevalencia de enfermedad de Chagas en gestantes estudiadas en el HRP periodo 2020 al 2021. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo transversal. La población  constituida por 7.160 embarazadas que acudieron al Hospital Regional de Pilar en el servicio de  Gineco-Obstetricia en los años 2020-2021. La muestra estuvo conformada por 45 embarazadas estudiadas en un hospital público del departamento Ñeembucu de Paraguay, 14 (31%) representa la prevalencia de Chagas en embarazadas. Entre los datos sociodemográficos observamos que la edad promedio de las gestantes que consultaron es de 29 años, 38(84%) del área Rural. Factor de Riesgo 31(68%) no presenta factor de riesgo y 7(16%) presenta Hipertensión Arterial, 35(78%) se realizó el estudio en el tercer trimestr

How do women living with HIV experience menopause? Menopausal symptoms, anxiety and depression according to reproductive age in a multicenter cohort

CatedresBackground: To estimate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression and to assess the differences according to menopausal status among women living with HIV aged 45-60 years from the cohort of Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network (CoRIS). Methods: Women were interviewed by phone between September 2017 and December 2018 to determine whether they had experienced menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression. The Menopause Rating Scale was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of symptoms related to menopause in three subscales: somatic, psychologic and urogenital; and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire was used for anxiety/depression. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of association between menopausal status, and other potential risk factors, the presence and severity of somatic, psychological and urogenital symptoms and of anxiety/depression. Results: Of 251 women included, 137 (54.6%) were post-, 70 (27.9%) peri- and 44 (17.5%) pre-menopausal, respectively. Median age of onset menopause was 48 years (IQR 45-50). The proportions of pre-, peri- and post-menopausal women who had experienced any menopausal symptoms were 45.5%, 60.0% and 66.4%, respectively. Both peri- and post-menopause were associated with a higher likelihood of having somatic symptoms (aOR 3.01; 95% CI 1.38-6.55 and 2.63; 1.44-4.81, respectively), while post-menopause increased the likelihood of having psychological (2.16; 1.13-4.14) and urogenital symptoms (2.54; 1.42-4.85). By other hand, post-menopausal women had a statistically significant five-fold increase in the likelihood of presenting severe urogenital symptoms than pre-menopausal women (4.90; 1.74-13.84). No significant differences by menopausal status were found for anxiety/depression. Joint/muscle problems, exhaustion and sleeping disorders were the most commonly reported symptoms among all women. Differences in the prevalences of vaginal dryness (p = 0.002), joint/muscle complaints (p = 0.032), and sweating/flush (p = 0.032) were found among the three groups. Conclusions: Women living with HIV experienced a wide variety of menopausal symptoms, some of them initiated before women had any menstrual irregularity. We found a higher likelihood of somatic symptoms in peri- and post-menopausal women, while a higher likelihood of psychological and urogenital symptoms was found in post-menopausal women. Most somatic symptoms were of low or moderate severity, probably due to the good clinical and immunological situation of these women