Alcohol use and family‑related factors among Spanish university students: the unHicos project

Background: During adolescence and youth there are relevant changes in the consolidation, gain or loss of consumption habits and lifestyles and the family factors has a fundamental role to development these habits. The study of the consumption of toxins, such as alcohol intake, is crucial at this stage due to the repercussions that said consumption presents in adulthood. Therefore, the objective of our study was to evaluate the associations between alcohol consumption patterns and related family factors (family functioning, family history of alcohol consumption) in Spanish university students. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study, carried out in first-year university students from 11 Spanish universities. Through an online questionnaire, alcohol consumption (risky consumption and intensive consumption or binge drinking), family functioning and history of alcohol in the family were evaluated. Risky alcohol consumption and binge drinking were assessed using the AUDIT test, and family functioning was assessed using the family APGAR questionnaire. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, as well as the Chi-Square test and Student’s T-Test, and non-conditional logistic regression models were carried out to examine this association. Results: The prevalence of risky alcohol consumption identified in the 10,167 respondents was 16.9% (95% CI = 16.2-17.6), and that of BD was 48.8% (95% CI = 47.9-48.8). There is a significant association between risky alcohol consumption and family functioning in students of both sexes, with greater consumption in the face of severe dysfunctional support (men OR = 1.72; p < 0.001 and women OR = 1.74; p < 0.001) and family history of consumption (p = 0.005). Regarding the binge drinking pattern, no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusions: Risky alcohol consumption in university students is associated with dysfunctional family support, unlike the binge drinking pattern, where there is no such association. The findings of this study show the importance of creating prevention programs focused on the family approach in university students, which include alcohol screening in the population with a family history of this substance, and greater social support from health services.This work was supported by the National Drug Plan, Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain (Codes: 2010/145, 2013/034 and 2020/030) and project PI16/01947

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Evolution of Prevalence and Patterns of Cannabis Use among First-Year University Students in Spain—UniHcos Project

Among university students there has been evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic increased their psychological distress, exacerbated by social restrictions. The main objective of this study was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and patterns of cannabis use among university students, in contrast to previous trends since 2012. Data from 10,522 first-year university students (73.3% female, Mage 19 (SD = 1.6)) from eleven Spanish universities collected between 2012 andMay 2022 was analysed. Prevalences of cannabis use and their differences by sex were studied, as well as changes in patterns of use and its use for coping during the pandemic. It was found that during lockdown, all prevalence rates of cannabis use decreased in both sexes, showing no statistically significant differences and increasing again in the new normal period in both. Among regular cannabis users, 79.7% reportedmaintaining or increasing their cannabis use during the pandemic, and of these, half reported using cannabis to cope. Moreover, cannabis use in the usual household increased during the lockdown. These results showthat although the overall prevalence of cannabis use was reduced during the lockdown, regular users tended tomaintain or increase cannabis use. This could imply two different patterns of use among students, one social and occasional versus the other regular, providing new lines of research for prevention and the implementation of social policies.This research was funded by the National Drug Plan from the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain (Grant numbers: 2010|145, 2013|034 and 2020|030) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Grant number: PI16/01947)

Prevalence of Depression and Fish Consumption among First Year Spanish University Students: UniHcos Project

The World Health Organization estimates that one fifth of university students have experienced major depressive disorder at some point in their lives. Nutrition may be one of the modifiable factors that influence the development of depression. Specifically, low omega-3 fatty acid and vitamin D levels, both nutrients found in high quantities in fish, have been linked to depressive disorders. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression among young Spanish university students, in addition to the pattern of fish consumption among students and the possible relationship between fish consumption and the presence of depression. Data were collected retrospectively from a nationally representative sample of 11,485 Spanish university students aged 18 years or older in 11 Spanish universities, from 2012 to 2022. The respondents were analyzed according to frequency of consumption and compliance with weekly recommendations for fish intake and the presence of depression. Regression models were also performed to determine students' odds of depression as a function of compliance with recommendations according to selected sociodemographic variables. The prevalence of depression was 10.5%; it was more prevalent in women, older students and in those with both high and low BMIs. In addition, it was also more prevalent in those that lived outside the family home, with roommates and those who were employed. Sixty-seven percent of the students met the fish intake recommendations. The most common frequency of fish consumption was 1-2 times/week (44.2%), and the least frequent was 2.3% daily fish consumption. Students from northern universities were more likely to consume fish (68.4%) than those from southern universities (66.4%). Non-consumption of fish was found to increase the risk of depression (ORa = 1.45 (1.28-1.64); AF = 31.0% (21.9-39.0)), but it was the student's own conditions that had the greatest influence on the development of the disorder. In summary, a lower consumption of fish seems to be associated with a higher incidence of depression in Spanish university students; however, other social factors of the student may influence the development of the disorder, and all of this should be taken into account for the development of prevention strategies.This research was funded by the National Drug Plan from the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain (Grant numbers: 2010|145, 2013|034 and 2020|030) and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Grant number: PI16/01947)

Lesiones en la lucha tradicional: el caso de la lucha leonesa (2005-2015)

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la localización anatómica, el tipo y la gravedad de las lesiones ocurridas en las competiciones oficiales de las ligas de verano masculinas (2005-2015) de Lucha Leonesa. Al objeto de realizar un análisis más profundo, se tuvo en cuenta, el perfil del luchador. Se produjeron un total de 401 lesiones, siendo los luchadores de mayor nivel los que menos número de lesiones sufrieron. Las contusiones fueron las lesiones más frecuentes (41,4%) pero entre las graves fueron los esguinces (42,3%). Los miembros inferiores fueron la localización más frecuente en el total de lesiones (38,2%) y entre las graves (45,4%). La rodilla, el tórax y el hombro acumulaban casi la mitad de las lesiones y el 68% de las lesiones graves. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que las características de las lesiones que se pueden observar en la lucha leonesa son similares a las de otros deportes de combate.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Uso problemático de internet en estudiantes universitarios : factores asociados y diferencias de género

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis descriptivo del uso problemático de Internet en estudiantes universitarios, evaluando la posible asociación con problemas de salud y conductas adictivas, así como diferencias de género en los tipos utilización. Un total de 2780 alumnos participaron en el estudio entre los años 2011 – 2014, siendo un 29% varones (edad 20.8 ± 5.1 años) y un 71% mujeres (edad de 20.3 ± 4.4 años). La prevalencia de uso problemático de Internet evaluada mediante el Internet Addiction Test fue del 6.08%. Ser menor de 21 años y cursar titulaciones diferentes a ciencias de la salud fueron factores asociados a una mayor frecuencia de este problema, no existiendo diferencias en función del sexo o tipo de domicilio. Los resultados muestran una asociación significativa con algunos problemas de salud (migrañas, dolor lumbar, sobrepeso u obesidad, descanso insuficiente), aspectos psicológicos (riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, riesgo de trastorno mental, depresión), problemas familiares y discriminación; no encontrándose asociaciones con consumo de sustancias adictivas (alcohol, tabaco o cannabis). Respecto al tiempo de uso de Internet, las horas de conexión semanales fueron significativamente mayores en las mujeres que en los hombres, tanto en el tiempo total como por motivos de ocio. El análisis del perfil de utilización en usuarios problemáticos reveló que los varones se relacionan más con aspectos de ocio como los juegos o las compras online y las mujeres con aspectos de socialización, como el chat o las redes sociales.The aim of this paper is to make a descriptive analysis of Problematic Internet Use in college students, evaluating the possible association with health problems and addictive behaviors, as well as gender differences in user types. A total of 2,780 students participated in the study between 2011 and 2014, 29% of them being males (age 20.8 ± 5.1 years) and 71% females (age 20.3 ± 4.4 years). The prevalence of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) assessed by the Internet Addiction Test was 6.08%. Being under 21 years of age and studying for degrees in subjects other than the health sciences were associated factors with a higher frequency of this problem, no differences by gender or type of address were found. The results show a significant association with some health problems (migraines, back pain, excess weight or obesity, insufficient rest), psychological aspects (risk of eating disorders, risk of mental disorder, depression), family problems and discrimination; with no associations with substance use (alcohol, cannabis or tobacco) being found. Concerning the time of Internet use, weekly hours were significantly higher in women than in men, both the total time as for leisure. The analysis of the profile use in problematic users revealed that males are related to aspects of entertainment such as games or shopping online and females are related to aspects of socialization, such as chats and social networks

Influencia del estatus profesional de los jugadores de fútbol en la frecuencia y gravedad de las lesiones: estudio piloto comparativo

Objetivo El propósito del estudio es evaluar la frecuencia y la gravedad de las lesiones sufridas en un mismo equipo de fútbol durante 2 temporadas en 2 divisiones. Métodos Estudio comparativo entre 2 estatus de fútbol profesional: Primera División (PD) y Segunda División (SD). La muestra consistió en jugadores profesionales de un mismo equipo cuyas lesiones se registraron prospectivamente durante las temporadas 2006-2007 (SD) y 2008-2009 (PD). Resultados De las 101 lesiones registradas, 64 (63,4%) fueron consideradas leves, 26 (25,7%) moderadas y 11 (10,9%) graves. La incidencia de lesiones moderadas o graves durante el entrenamiento fue 3 veces mayor en la PD (3,36 vs 1,01; RR = 3,30), así como el total de lesiones durante el partido (52,82 vs 16,01; RR = 3,30). En cuanto a los días de baja, la incidencia fue mayor en PD, tanto en entrenamientos (60%) como en partidos (30%). El número de días perdidos por cada 1.000 h de exposición fue un 50% mayor en PD (129,60 vs 85,01 días/1.000 h de exposición). Conclusiones Los resultados obtenidos muestran que en el fútbol español el estatus profesional puede ser un factor determinante de las lesiones. Además, estos resultados confirman el hecho de que el riesgo de lesión en el lugar de trabajo es considerablemente más alto en el fútbol profesional que en la mayoría de los demás sectores. Sería necesario que los clubes analizaran la importancia de desarrollar estrategias de prevención de lesiones y usaran recursos financieros para reducir el riesgo

Influència de l’estatus professional dels jugadors de futbol en la freqüència i la gravetat de les lesions: estudi pilot comparatiu

Objectiu El propòsit d’aquest estudi fou avaluar la freqüència i la gravetat de les lesions sofertes en un mateix equip de futbol durant 2 temporades, en 2 divisions. Mètode Estudi comparatiu entre 2 estatus de futbol professional: primera divisió (PD) i segona divisió (SD). La mostra consistí en jugadors professionals d’un mateix equip les lesions dels quals s’enregistraren prospectivament durant les temporades 2006-2007 (SD) i 2008-2009 (PD). Resultats De les 101 lesions registrades, 64 (63,4%) foren considerades lleus, 26 (25,7%) moderades i 11 (10,9%) greus. La incidència de lesions moderades o greus durant l’entrenament fou 3 vegades superior a la PD (3,36 vs 1,01; RR = 3,30), així com el total de lesions durant el partit (52,82 vs 16,01; RR = 3,30). Quant als dies de baixa, la incidència fou major a la PD, tant en els entrenaments (60%) com en els partits (30%). El nombre de dies per cada 1.000 h d’exposició fou un 50% major a la PD (129,60 vs 85,01 dies/1.000 h d’exposició). Conclusions Els resultats obtinguts mostren que en el futbol espanyol l’estatus professional pot ser un factor determinant de lesions. A més, aquests resultats confirmen el fet que el risc de lesió en el lloc de treball és considerablement més alt en el futbol professional que en la majoria dels altres sectors. Caldria que els clubs analitzessin la importància de desenvolupar estratègies de prevenció de les lesions i que empressin els recursos econòmics necessaris per reduir-ne el risc

Prevalence of Depression and Fish Consumption among First Year Spanish University Students: UniHcos Project

The World Health Organization estimates that one fifth of university students have experienced major depressive disorder at some point in their lives. Nutrition may be one of the modifiable factors that influence the development of depression. Specifically, low omega-3 fatty acid and vitamin D levels, both nutrients found in high quantities in fish, have been linked to depressive disorders. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression among young Spanish university students, in addition to the pattern of fish consumption among students and the possible relationship between fish consumption and the presence of depression. Data were collected retrospectively from a nationally representative sample of 11,485 Spanish university students aged 18 years or older in 11 Spanish universities, from 2012 to 2022. The respondents were analyzed according to frequency of consumption and compliance with weekly recommendations for fish intake and the presence of depression. Regression models were also performed to determine students’ odds of depression as a function of compliance with recommendations according to selected sociodemographic variables. The prevalence of depression was 10.5%; it was more prevalent in women, older students and in those with both high and low BMIs. In addition, it was also more prevalent in those that lived outside the family home, with roommates and those who were employed. Sixty-seven percent of the students met the fish intake recommendations. The most common frequency of fish consumption was 1–2 times/week (44.2%), and the least frequent was 2.3% daily fish consumption. Students from northern universities were more likely to consume fish (68.4%) than those from southern universities (66.4%). Non-consumption of fish was found to increase the risk of depression (ORa = 1.45 (1.28–1.64); AF = 31.0% (21.9–39.0)), but it was the student’s own conditions that had the greatest influence on the development of the disorder. In summary, a lower consumption of fish seems to be associated with a higher incidence of depression in Spanish university students; however, other social factors of the student may influence the development of the disorder, and all of this should be taken into account for the development of prevention strategies.variables. The prevalence of depression was 10.5%; it was more prevalent in women, older students and in those with both high and low BMIs. In addition, it was also more prevalent in those that lived outside the family home, with roommates and those who were employed. Sixty-seven percent of the students met the fish intake recommendations. The most common frequency of fish consumption was 1–2 times/week (44.2%), and the least frequent was 2.3% daily fish consumption. Students from northern universities were more likely to consume fish (68.4%) than those from southern universities (66.4%). Non-consumption of fish was found to increase the risk of depression (ORa = 1.45 (1.28–1.64); AF = 31.0% (21.9–39.0)), but it was the student’s own conditions that had the greatest influence on the development of the disorder. In summary, a lower consumption of fish seems to be associated with a higher incidence of depression in Spanish university students; however, other social factors of the student may influence the development of the disorder, and all of this should be taken into account for the development of prevention strategies.National Drug Plan from the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain 2010|145 2013|034 2020|030nstituto de Salud Carlos III Spanish Government PI16/0194

A success story: New rules and fewer injuries in traditional

Objective: To analyse the effectiveness of a change in the rules on the incidence of injuries in traditional Leonese Wrestling (LW). Material and methods: Cohort study, retrospective (2006---2007) and prospective (2008---2012). The population studied comprised all the male wrestlers over 16 years of age who took part in Winter League competitions in the seasons 2006---2012. Data collected included the number, location and severity of injuries. Classifying them according to location and severity, the incidence of injuries by bouts and falls before and after the change was calculated. The formula for calculating effectiveness was: 1 --- relative risk. Results: Over the 7 seasons, a total of 34 injuries were reported ---- 9 in the seasons before the change and 25 afterwards. Since the introduction of the new regulations in 2008, no serious upper limb injuries have been reported. Before the change in rules there was an incidence of 10.4 per 1000 bouts and 3.9 for every 1000 falls, the differences being statistically significant (P = .002 and P = .006, respectively). The effectiveness in reducing the incidence of serious injuries was 94% by bouts, and 91% by falls. Conclusions: The results of this study confirm the importance of a methodological approach for the prevention of injuries; in this case a change in the rules. © 2012 Consell Català de l’Esport. Generalitat de Catalunya. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved

Una historia de éxito: nuevas reglas y menos lesiones en la Lucha Leonesa (2006-2012)

Introducción El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar la efectividad de un cambio de reglamento en la incidencia de lesiones de Lucha Leonesa. Material y métodos Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo (2006-2007) y prospectivo (2008-2012). La población estudiada comprendió todos los luchadores masculinos de más de 16 años que participaron en las Ligas de Invierno en las temporadas del 2006-2012. Se recogieron datos sobre el número, la localización y la severidad de las lesiones, clasificándolos según su localización y su gravedad. Se calculó la incidencia de lesiones por combates y por caídas antes y después del cambio de reglamento. La fórmula para calcular la efectividad fue: 1 – Riesgo Relativo. Resultados En las 7 temporadas, se registraron un total de 34 lesiones, 9 antes del cambio de reglamento y 25 después. Desde la introducción de las nuevas reglas en 2008 no se produjo ninguna lesión grave en los miembros superiores, mientras que antes del cambio de reglamento la incidencia de lesiones fue de 10,4 por cada 1000 combates y de 3,9 por cada 1000 caídas, siendo estadísticamente significativa (p= 0,002 y p=0,006). La efectividad de la reducción de la incidencia de lesiones graves fue del 94% por combates y del 91% por caídas. Conclusiones Los resultados de este estudio confirman la importancia de un enfoque metodológico para la prevención de lesiones; en este caso, los cambios de reglamento