Automatic summarization of rushes video using bipartite graphs

In this paper we present a new approach for automatic summarization of rushes video. Our approach is composed of three main steps. First, based on a temporal segmentation, we filter sub-shots with low information content not likely to be useful in a summary. Second, a method using maximal matching in a bipartite graph is adapted to measure similarity between the remaining shots and to minimize inter-shot redundancy by removing repetitive retake shots common in rushes content. Finally, the presence of faces and the motion intensity are characterised in each sub-shot. A measure of how representative the sub-shot is in the context of the overall video is then proposed. Video summaries composed of keyframe slideshows are then generated. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach we re-run the evaluation carried out by the TREC, using the same dataset and evaluation metrics used in the TRECVID video summarization task in 2007 but with our own assessors. Results show that our approach leads to a significant improvement in terms of the fraction of the TRECVID summary ground truth included and is competitive with other approaches in TRECVID 2007

Automatic summarization of rushes video using bipartite graphs

In this paper we present a new approach for automatic summarization of rushes, or unstructured video. Our approach is composed of three major steps. First, based on shot and sub-shot segmentations, we filter sub-shots with low information content not likely to be useful in a summary. Second, a method using maximal matching in a bipartite graph is adapted to measure similarity between the remaining shots and to minimize inter-shot redundancy by removing repetitive retake shots common in rushes video. Finally, the presence of faces and motion intensity are characterised in each sub-shot. A measure of how representative the sub-shot is in the context of the overall video is then proposed. Video summaries composed of keyframe slideshows are then generated. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach we re-run the evaluation carried out by TRECVid, using the same dataset and evaluation metrics used in the TRECVid video summarization task in 2007 but with our own assessors. Results show that our approach leads to a significant improvement on our own work in terms of the fraction of the TRECVid summary ground truth included and is competitive with the best of other approaches in TRECVid 2007

Phenoconversion from probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder to mild cognitive impairment to dementia in a population-based sample

© 2017 The Authors Introduction Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is strongly associated with synucleinopathies. In 2012, we reported an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Parkinson disease (PD) in cognitively normal Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents, aged 70 to 89 years with probable RBD. Here, we examine their progression to dementia and other neurodegenerative phenotypes. Methods Fifteen participants with RBD who were diagnosed with either MCI or PD were longitudinally followed, and their subsequent clinical courses were reviewed. Results Over 6.4 ± 2.9 years, six of the 14 participants with MCI developed additional neurodegenerative signs, five of whom had Lewy body disease features. Four of them progressed to dementia at a mean age 84.8 ± 4.9 years, three of whom met the criteria for probable dementia with Lewy bodies. One subject with PD developed MCI, but not dementia. Discussion Our findings from the population-based sample of Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents suggest that a substantial number of RBD patients tend to develop overt synucleinopathy features over time, and RBD patients who develop MCI and subsequent dementia have clinical features most consistent with dementia with Lewy bodies

Survival Strategies for Physical Educators During Recessionary Times

Physical education programs throughout the country are feeling the negative effects of what is proving to be the longest and most severe financial crisis in this country since the Great Depression. Potentially negative issues in physical education programs resulting from the current recession include: (a) low workplace morale, (b) the elimination of teaching as well as coaching positions, (c) an increase in physical education class size, and (d) a decline in resources (i.e., equipment and supplies). Physical education teachers must understand the current economic situation they find themselves in and react in an appropriate manner and timely fashion if they are to continue to develop professionally and maintain job security. It is recommended that physical education teachers: (a) remain visibly positive, (b) be versatile in what they can teach (and coach), (c) be able to teach and coach at different levels, (d) demonstrate large class teaching skills, (e) be innovative and flexible in all areas pertaining to their job, and (f) be viewed as competent, professional and innovative teachers by school authorities, parents, students and members of the community.SUNY BrockportKinesiology, Sport Studies and Physical Education Faculty Publication

Spatial econometric modeling of socioeconomic vulnerability and flood impact:Towards a risk-layering approach in southern Malawi

As climate-related disasters escalate, particularly in vulnerable communities in the Global South effective risk management strategies become necessary. The objective of this work was to examine the spatial dependencies between socioeconomic vulnerability and flood impacts in Southern Malawi, merging geospatial methods with econometric modeling. The analysis revealed significant spatial dependencies and spillover effects from data in the Unified Beneficiary Register, Malawi Census, and Rapid Damage Assessments from the 2020 and 2022 floods. Moran's I analysis emphasized the need to account for those spatial spillover effects. The spatial econometric framework, represented by a spatial lag variable in the Spatial Generalized Linear Model, captured these dependencies effectively. Expected associations emerged between flood impacts and socioeconomic indicators such as wealth, education, and household savings, suggesting that economically secure households are less vulnerable. However, unexpected correlations also appeared: food security was positively associated with flood impact, while disability occurrence showed a negative association. These findings challenge resilience assumptions and raise concerns about data accuracy and aftershock dynamics. Insights highlight the need for DRM strategies that incorporate exposure and socioeconomic indicators, along with improved data collection to ensure vulnerable groups are adequately represented. Despite challenges from data scarcity and spatial granularity, this study demonstrates the potential of Spatial Econometric Models to identify spatially interconnected vulnerabilities. The approach can be transferred to other contexts, but further research is needed to refine spatial resolutions and ensure actionable vulnerability characterizations. Integrating spatial dependencies into risk assessments highlights the need for spatially explicit policy interventions to strengthen resilience and advance risk-layering strategies.</p

Comparing Stimulus Equivalence-Based Instruction to a Video Lecture to Increase Religious Literacy in Middle-School Children

Being familiar with world religions and their diverse practices is referred to as religious literacy. The present study compared the effects of stimulus equivalence-based instruction (EBI) and video lecture (VL) to increase religious literacy in middle-school students; 10 participants were assigned to either the EBI or the VL group. Participants in the EBI group were taught five 6-member equivalence classes using match-to-sample (MTS) software on a computer. Within each class of (1) Judaism, (2) Islam, (3) Christianity, (4) Hinduism, and (5) Buddhism, the visual stimulus members were (A) name of the religion, (B) major religious symbol, (C) sacred text, (D) notable religious figure, (E) name of religious service leader, and (F) notable celebrated holiday. The VL participants were given an opportunity to complete a fill-in written worksheet while viewing a video lecture about the 5 religions using the same stimuli as the EBI group. Participant responding in each group was compared across worksheet, oral, and MTS pretests and posttests. The results showed that 5 of 5 participants in the EBI group formed equivalence classes but only 1of 5 did so in the VL group. Class-consistent responding generalized to oral vignettes to a greater degree for the EBI participants than for the VL participants. In addition, at an approximately 2-week follow-up, EBI participants maintained class-consistent responding to a greater degree than VL participants did. Duration measures showed that even though EBI was more effective, EBI training did require more time than the VL did. Although not explicitly programmed for, social distance survey scores showed that participants improved equally in their ratings of the acceptability of people from other faiths following training, regardless of training type. Thus, EBI may be an effective method to teach schoolchildren about religious literacy.VoRSUNY DownstateApplied Behavior AnalysisN/

Research criteria for the diagnosis of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies

The prodromal phase of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) includes (1) mild cognitive impairment (MCI), (2) delirium-onset, and (3) psychiatric-onset presentations. The purpose of our review is to determine whether there is sufficient information yet available to justify development of diagnostic criteria for each of these. Our goal is to achieve evidence-based recommendations for the recognition of DLB at a predementia, symptomatic stage. We propose operationalized diagnostic criteria for probable and possible mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies, which are intended for use in research settings pending validation for use in clinical practice. They are compatible with current criteria for other prodromal neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer and Parkinson disease. Although there is still insufficient evidence to propose formal criteria for delirium-onset and psychiatric-onset presentations of DLB, we feel that it is important to characterize them, raising the index of diagnostic suspicion and prioritizing them for further investigation

Socioeconomic status and the incidence of non-central nervous system childhood embryonic tumours in Brazil

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Childhood cancer differs from most common adult cancers, suggesting a distinct aetiology for some types of childhood cancer. Our objective in this study was to test the difference in incidence rates of 4 non-CNS embryonic tumours and their correlation with socioeconomic status (SES) in Brazil.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Data was obtained from 13 Brazilian population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) of neuroblastoma (NB), Wilms'tumour (WT), retinoblastoma (RB), and hepatoblastoma (HB). Incidence rates by tumour type, age, and gender were calculated per one million children. Correlations between social exclusion index (SEI) as an indicator of socioeconomic status (SES) and incidence rates was investigated using the Spearman's test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>WT, RB, and HB presented with the highest age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) in 1 to 4 year old of both genders, whereas NB presented the highest AAIR in ≤11 month-olds. However, differences in the incidence rates among PBCRs were observed. Higher incidence rates were found for WT and RB, whereas lower incidence rates were observed for NB. Higher SEI was correlated with higher incidences of NB (0.731; p = 0.0117), whereas no SEI correlation was observed between incidence rates for WT, RB, and HB. In two Brazilian cities, the incidence rates of NB and RB were directly correlated with SEI; NB had the highest incidence rates (14.2, 95% CI, 8.6-19.7), and RB the lowest (3.5, 95% CI, 0.7-6.3) in Curitiba (SEI, 0.730). In Natal (SEI, 0.595), we observed just the opposite; the highest incidence rate was for RB and the lowest was for NB (4.6, 95% CI, 0.1-9.1).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Regional variations of SES and the incidence of embryonal tumours were observed, particularly incidence rates for NB and RB. Further studies are necessary to investigate risk factors for embryonic tumours in Brazil.</p