The desing of information elements in urban areas; a case study at Izmir, Kemeraltı

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, City and Regional Planning, Izmir, 1999Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 114-119)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxi, 212 leavesToday, one of the biggest problems of our cities is the visual pollution and confusion, which is caused by signage because of the absence of a regulation or a special authorized institution. To prevent this visual pollution, the commercial signage must be examined carefully. This research aims to study the problems about signage and sign planning process, in respect with the regulation examples that are valid for both, in foreign countries and Turkiye, as well as to offer a regulation example in the historical city center of izmir; Kemeraltl in accordance with registered buildings as a case study

The Translator’s ‘Magic’ Wand: Harry Potter’s Journey from English into French

Much has been written about the international phenomenon that the Harry Potter series has become and inevitably about the translations that contributed to its success. Eirlys E. Davis’s comparative analysis of some of these translations in particular shows dissimilarities between the strategies adopted in different languages and presents individual translators’ choices as inconsistent.This paper deals almost exclusively with the French translation of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone and reveals that, in the light of the ideological and cultural reality of the receiving corpus, patterns of translation techniques do appear. This paper looks at the transformative strategies and their effects in the target text, first focusing on the treatment of alien British values. Their transformation and disappearance indicate the need to produce a text morally suitable for its assumed readership: French youngsters. Indeed, it seems that the skopos of the target text – being read by French children – determined the translator’s decisions not only to smooth down extreme British otherness but also to reinforce the fantasy of Harry Potter’s world.Indeed, the French creates an utterly “other” world by strengthening its fantastic and magical aspects while undermining the sense of familiarity and credibility of the community portrayed. The shift from a child’s perspective in the original to an adult’s in the translation leads to numerous omissions of banal and realistic details, weakening the realness of the setting and the protagonists.I give textual and extra-textual examples of these transformative strategies which ultimately reduced Harry Potter à l’école des sorciers to a fairy tale and shaped the way it was perceived and received in France.On a beaucoup écrit sur le phénomène international de la série Harry Potter et inévitablement sur les traductions qui ont contribué à son succès. En particulier, l’analyse comparative de quelques-unes de ces traductions par Eirlys E. Davis montre des dissimilitudes entre les stratégies adoptées dans différentes langues et donne aux choix des traducteurs une apparence d’inconsistance.Cet article se consacre presque exclusivement à la traduction française de Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone et révèle qu’en tenant compte de la réalité idéologique et culturelle du corpus d’arrivée, certaines constantes apparaissent. Cet article explore les stratégies transformatives et leurs effets dans le texte d’arrivée, en se concentrant en premier lieu sur les valeurs étrangères britanniques. Leur transformation et leur disparition indiquent un besoin de produire un texte moralement adéquat pour son lectorat présumé : la jeunesse française. En effet, il semble que le skopos du texte d’arrivée – être lu par des enfants français – ait déterminé les décisions du traducteur de non seulement faire disparaître l’extrême altérité britannique mais aussi de renforcer la nature fantastique du monde de Harry Potter.Le texte français crée ainsi un monde complètement « autre » en exagérant les aspects magiques et féeriques tout en affaiblissant le sentiment de familiarité et de crédibilité de la communauté dont il est question. Le changement de perspective, de celle d’un enfant dans l’original à celle d’un adulte dans la traduction, aboutit à de nombreuses omissions de détails banals et réels, diminuant le réalisme du décor et des protagonistes.Exemples textuels et extratextuels à l’appui, j’expose ces stratégies transformatives qui, en définitive, ont réduit Harry Potter à l’école des sorciers à un conte de fées et ont influencé la manière dont l’oeuvre fut perçue et reçue en France

Modélisation des couplages électrothermo-fluidiques des composants en boîtier press-pack. Application à l'Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor 4,5kV - 4kA.

La température est un paramètre fondamental pour la bonne utilisation des composants semiconducteurs. Dans les convertisseurs statiques utilisés dans la gamme du MW, les puissances dissipées dans les semi conducteurs sont de l'ordre du kW. Une analyse thermique de l'assemblage semi-conducteur/dissipateur est donc indispensable pour comprendre les phénomènes et les limitations entrant en jeu dans le fonctionnement. Il faut notamment être capable de déterminer la température maximale de fonctionnement (jusqu'à 150°C admissible pour le silicium) et d'étudier les ondulations de température qui influent directement sur la durée de vie du composant. Les phénomènes thermiques présents dans un composant ne peuvent pas être dissociés des phénomènes électriques (dissipation) et fluidique (refroidissement). Une méthode de modélisation électro-thermo-fluidique a donc été développée. L'assemblage press-pack d'un IGCT (Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor) 4.5kV 4kA dans une cellule de commutation a été modélisé en prenant en compte le système de refroidissement. Dans la structure press-pack à technologie flottante de l'IGCT, les résistances thermiques de contact contribuent pour une grande partie à la résistance thermique jonction boîtier. Une estimation de ces résistances a donc été effectuée à partir d'une mesure profilométrique et d'une mesure directe. Pour valider la méthodologie de modélisation et recaler le modèle, des mesures thermiques, électriques et fluidiques ont été réalisées sur un composant fonctionnant dans sa cellule de commutation. Le dernier chapitre présente des applications du modèle développé avec notamment une étude de l'influence du sens de circulation de l'eau dans le système de refroidissement des IGCT et une étude des variations de température sur un cycle de fusion d'un four à arc. ABSTRACT : Temperature is an important parameter when you use semi-conductors. In the multi MW power converters the semiconductor losses are upper than kW. The thermal analyzes of the semiconductor package and cooling system must be performed to understand the thermal limitations. The maximal temperature can not be upper than 150°C for silicium components. The temperature variations have an impact on the component life time. The thermal phenomena in the power electronic component can not be dissociated with the electric phenomena (losses) and fluidic phenomena (cooling). An electro-thermo- fluidic modelling method has been elaborated. The method is used to study an IGCT (Integrated Gate commutated Thyristor) 4.5kV 4kA in the switching cell with his water cooling system. The IGCT use a press-pack floating mount package technology. The thermal contact resistances have an important impact on the heat transfer in the package. The thermal contact resistances have been estimated with a profilometric measure and a direct measure. To validate the method and tune the model, thermal, electric and fluidic measurements are performed in an IGCT in MW switching operation. The last chapter introduces the model applications. The model is used to study the water flow direction in the IGCT cooling system. Transient simulations are used to study the temperature fluctuation on an arc furnace melting cycle

Low temperature hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation of oxygen-substituted aromatics over Rh/silica: part 1 - phenol, anisole and 4-methoxyphenol

The hydrogenation and competitive hydrogenation of anisole, phenol and 4-methoxyphenol was studied in the liquid phase over a Rh/silica catalyst at 323 K and 3 barg hydrogen pressure. The rate of conversion of the reactants to products gave an order of anisole ≫ phenol > 4-methoxyphenol with hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation products being produced. Anisole, the most reactive substrate, was rapidly converted to methoxycyclohexane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol, while phenol was hydrogenated to cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol and cyclohexane. In both cases cyclohexanol was produced as a secondary product from cyclohexanone hydrogenation. The yield of cyclohexane, the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) product was > 20% from both reactants and was formed as a primary product from the aromatic species. Hydrogenation of 4-methoxyphenol was selective to 4-methoxycyclohexanone with no alcohol formation, while the hydrogenolysis products revealed that the catalyst was more active for demethoxylation than dehydroxylation. A comparative strength of adsorption was determined from competitive hydrogenation and gave an order of anisole > phenol > 4-methoxyphenol. Competitive, pair hydrogenation inhibited HDO and stopped cyclohexane from being produced from phenol and 4-methoxyphenol, although it was still produced from anisole. An increased rate of hydrogenation for 4-methoxyphenol was observed for competitive reactions with phenol and anisole but not when all three reactants were present. In contrast to the pair reactions, when all three reactants were present HDO occurred with all aromatics producing cyclohexane. Replacing hydrogen with deuterium revealed an inverse kinetic isotope effect for ring hydrogenation of 4-methoxyphenol but not phenol or anisole, which both had a positive KIE

Genre and gender in translation: the poetological and ideological rewriting of heroine-centred and women-oriented fiction

This thesis examines the impact of poetics and ideology on the French translations of eight contemporary heroine-centred and women-oriented fictional texts (including Helen Fielding’s Bridget Jones’s Diary). Using a systemic and descriptive framework (Toury 1995) as well as works on manipulation in translation (Lefevere 1992)(Venuti 1998), I explore the various ways in which these generically hybrid and ideologically complex texts have been rewritten according to the dominant poetics and ideology of the French roman sentimental. Interviews undertaken with editors and translators identify the perceived appeal of these texts to the French market: their romantic plot. As a comparative analysis of originals and translations reveals, this resulted in specific translational strategies regarding gender representations, notably poetological elements subverting a dominant model of romantic femininity. This thesis sheds light on the subtle differences between French and Anglo-American generic traditions and gender ideologies and its contribution is three-fold. Firstly, it adds to an emerging body of case studies which examine poetological and ideological revisions in the French translations of heroine-centred and womenoriented fictional texts (Cossy 2004, 2006, 2006a)(Le Brun 2003). Secondly, as the selection of a thematically – rather than formally – linked corpus of texts is still relatively uncommon in translation and intercultural studies, this thesis advances a new paradigm in the analysis of poetics and ideology in translation (Munday 2008): a self-reflexive approach which favours transversal examinations of specific aspects in thematically linked corpora. Thirdly, this study suggests that if women’s entertainment, produced and translated for mass consumption, reaches a broad audience worldwide and plays an important part in women’s socialisation, interdisciplinary studies of translations across forms can constitute a useful way of detecting the unspoken gender values of the cultures for which and by which they are produced

Making accident data compatible with ITS-based traffic management: Turkish case

One of the most important reasons of the high rate of accidents would largely lend itself to ineffective data collection and evaluation process since the necessary information cannot be obtained effectively from the traffic accidents reports (TAR). The discord and dealing with non-relevant data may appear at four levels: (1) Country and Cultural, (2) Institutional and organizational, (3) Data collection, (4) Data analysis and Evaluation. The case findings are consistent with this knowledge put forward in the literature; there is a transparency problem in coordination between the institutions as well as the inefficient TAR data, which is open to manipulation; the problem of under-reporting and inappropriate data storage prevails before the false statistical evaluation methods. The old-fashioned data management structure causes incompatibility with the novel technologies, avoiding timely interventions in reducing accidents and alleviating the fatalities. Transmission of the data to the interest agencies for evaluation and effective operation of the ITS-based systems should be considered. The problem areas were explored through diagnoses at institutional, data collection, and evaluation steps and the solutions were determined accordingly for the case city of Izmir.The Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Institut

PGX Technology: Novel tailor-made and tuneable Delivery Systems for poorly water-soluble Bioactives

The delivery of poorly water-soluble bioactives, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and nutraceutical components is of great interest for existing drugs and new drug developments, cosmetic formulations, functional foods and nutraceuticals. This article presents a novel patented technology called PGX Technology, which utilizes pressurized gas expanded (PGX) liquids to dry, micronize, purify and functionalize water-soluble polymers. PGX Technology can generate open-porous nanostructured polymer carriers composed of one or several water-soluble polymers forming powders, granules, nano-fibrils, aerogels and exfoliated nano-composites with specific surface areas (SSA) ranging from tens to several hundred m2/g. Such mesoporous water-soluble carrier systems can be impregnated with a bioactive by means of adsorptive precipitation, utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide, leading to the uniform deposition of nano-scale particles (<120 nm) throughout the porous matrix, forming a bioactive-polymer complex, for example coenzyme Q10 on β-glucan (CoQ10-iBG). A nano-dispersion of CoQ10 is formed when such CoQ10-iBG complex is dissolved in water, which is stable over 6 months at room temperature. The bioavailability of the CoQ10-iBG complex tested in rats compared favorably with a positive control (CoQ10 in triolein) and a commercial CoQ10-cyclodextrin complex

Genetic survey of shallow populations of the Mediterranean red coral [ Corallium rubrum (Linnaeus, 1758)]: new insights into evolutionary processes shaping nuclear diversity and implications for conservation

International audienceCombined action from over-harvesting and recent mass mortality events potentially linked to ongoing climate changes has led to new concerns for the conservation of shallow populations (5-60 m) of Corallium rubrum, an octocorallian that is mainly found in the Mediterranean Sea. The present study was designed to analyse population structure and relationships at different spatial scales (from 10s of meters to 100s of kilometres) with a focus on dispersal pattern. We also performed the first analysis of the distribution of genetic diversity using a comparative approach between regional-clusters and samples. Forty populations dwelling in four distinct regions between 14 and 60 m in depth were genotyped using 10 microsatellites. Our main results indicate (i) a generalized pair-sample differentiation combined with a weak structure between regional-clusters; (ii) the occurrence of isolation by distance at the global scale, but also within two of the three analysed regional-clusters; (iii) a high level of genetic diversity over the surveyed area with a heterogeneous distribution from regional-cluster to sample levels. The evolutionary consequences of these results are discussed and their management implications are provided

Numérique et libertés : un nouvel âge démocratique

Installée en juin 2014 par le Président de l\u27Assemblée nationale, la commission de réflexion sur le droit et les libertés à l\u27âge du numérique présente 100 propositions concernant les enjeux liés au numérique : instauration d\u27un droit de savoir par la mise à disposition de tous des informations d\u27intérêt public ; renforcement de la protection des lanceurs d\u27alerte ; défense de la liberté d\u27expression à l\u27ère du numérique en préservant la loi de 1881 sur la liberté de la presse et la place du juge garant de cette liberté ; renforcement de la protection des droits fondamentaux face à l\u27utilisation des données par des acteurs publics ou privés et à la maîtrise par les individus de leurs informations personnelles ; reconnaissance de nouvelles garanties - droit d\u27accès, neutralité, loyauté - jugées indispensables à l\u27exercice des libertés à l\u27ère numérique ; reconnaissance en droit des communs et du domaine public informationnels