113 research outputs found
The criterion of planar instability in alloy solidification under dynamic conditions: A viewpoint from free energy
An accurate prediction of the solidification structures could provide a
theoretical basis for optimizing the parameters and improving the mechanical
properties of components. In alloy solidification, the transport processes of
heat and solute result in morphological instability of the interface, forming
different patterns of solidification structure. As the first observable
phenomenon of the morphological instabilities, the planar instability
influences the subsequent stages significantly, deserving in-depth
investigations. In this paper, the planar instability in alloy solidification
under dynamic conditions is studied. Firstly, the dynamics of the planar
instability is performed by the theoretical model and phase-field model,
respectively. Secondly, to represent the history-dependence of solidification,
the dynamic parameters are adopted in the simulations. Then the criterion of
the planar instability under dynamic conditions is discussed. This paper
considers the critical parameters of the planar instability are the excess free
energy at the interface and corresponding interface energy. Finally, to
validate the criterion, the comparisons between the phase-field model and
theoretical model are carried out, showing good consistency. Moreover,
solidification processes with different preferred crystallographic orientations
are performed, demonstrating the effect mechanism of the excess free energy and
interface energy on the planar instability. The idea of the interface energy
influencing the planar instability could be applied to investigating other
patterns induced by interface instability.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:2112.0788
A viewpoint from dissipative dynamics on diffusion-controlled directional solidification
The existing theoretical analyses of solidification dynamics lack the
insights of historical relevance and transport processes in the whole system.
Through the phase-field model, this paper investigates the evolution in the
whole domain during entire directional solidification. First, the evolution of
characteristic parameters is obtained, including the solute concentration ahead
of interface and tip velocity, demonstrating the dissipative features of
solidification. Second, by adjusting the diffusion coefficient DL, the
dissipation at the interface can be altered. With different DL, different
stages during directional solidification are investigated, including planar
growth and instability, dendrite growth, and steady-state growth. The results
indicate the important role of solute diffusion in alloy solidification. From
the viewpoint of the whole domain, smaller DL corresponds to a higher degree of
dissipation, forming more interfaces during solidification. Moreover, the
competitive influences of tip curvature and velocity are also because of the
dissipation, resulting from the friction of atoms.Comment: 23 pages, 8 figure
Combination of Neutrophil Count and Gensini Score as a Prognostic Marker in Patients with ACS and Uncontrolled T2DM Undergoing PCI
Background: Several biomarkers have been studied as prognostic indicators among people with diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD). The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic value of neutrophil counts and the Gensini score in patients with diabetes and ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 694 people with ACS and T2DM who simultaneously had elevated HBA1c received PCI. Spearman rank correlation estimates were used for correlation evaluation. Multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to identify characteristics associated with major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and patient survival. The effects of single- and multi-factor indices on MACCEs were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: The Gensini score and neutrophil count significantly differed between the MACCE and non-MACCE groups among patients receiving PCI who had concomitant ACS and T2DM with elevated HBA1c (P<0.001). The Gensini score and neutrophil count were strongly associated with MACCEs (log-rank, P<0.001). The Gensini score and neutrophil count, alone or in combination, were predictors of MACCEs, according to multivariate Cox regression analysis (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.005; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002–1.008; P=0.002; adjusted HR, 1.512; 95% CI, 1.005–2.274; P=0.047, respectively). The Gensini score was strongly associated with neutrophil count (variance inflation factor ≥ 5). Area under the curve analysis revealed that the combination of multivariate factors predicted the occurrence of MACCEs better than any single variable. Conclusion: In patients with T2DM and ACS with elevated HBA1c who underwent PCI, both the Gensini score and neutrophil count were independent predictors of outcomes. The combination of both predictors has a higher predictability
Corneal dendritic cells in diabetes mellitus: A narrative review
Diabetes mellitus is a global public health problem with both macrovascular and microvascular complications, such as diabetic corneal neuropathy (DCN). Using in-vivo confocal microscopy, corneal nerve changes in DCN patients can be examined. Additionally, changes in the morphology and quantity of corneal dendritic cells (DCs) in diabetic corneas have also been observed. DCs are bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells that serve both immunological and non-immunological roles in human corneas. However, the role and pathogenesis of corneal DC in diabetic corneas have not been well understood. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of both animal and clinical studies that report changes in DCs, including the DC density, maturation stages, as well as relationships between the corneal DCs, corneal nerves, and corneal epithelium, in diabetic corneas. We have also discussed the associations between the changes in corneal DCs and various clinical or imaging parameters, including age, corneal nerve status, and blood metabolic parameters. Such information would provide valuable insight into the development of diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies for DM-associated ocular surface complications
Introduction to Community Service-Learning (SRCL 1000)
Introduction to Community Service-Learning is a general elective open to first to fourth year international and domestic students from a variety of disciplines across campus. Every fall and winter semester each student volunteers at one of 30 local not-for-profit organizations for a full semester. Students are required to complete 24 hours of service as part of their course work. In this poster session, 16 not-for-profit organizations will be represented by 27 SRCL 1000 students. They will demonstrate personal reflections on their service experiences, how their experiences connect to the course work and their organizations, and what they will take back to their own communities after the course is over.
Students representing the following Kamloops not-for-profit organizations:
Active Care Services: Nolan Fenrich
St. John Ambulance: Damilola Abiyo and Ryuki Furuta
Overlander Residential Care: Glory Amukamara
Ponderosa Lodge: Rahab Kariuki
The Kamloops Food Bank: Yu Cao, Surkamal Singh Jhand, Xiangzhong Kong and Ruotong Shi
The ReStore – Habitat for Humanity: Dion Maborekhe, Fengyi Yang and Haonan Deng
Kamloops Immigrant Services: Dipak Parmar
Maple Leaf School: Qian Wang and Mengyao Zhu
BC SPCA: Dawei Xu
TRU Sustainability Office: Akash Ghosh, Takaya Hirose, Jihoon Kim and Kosuke Masunaga
TRU Horticulture: Ols Buta
TRU The X Radio: Marie Gabriela Jimenez and MD Majharul Islam Sabuj
Beattie School of the Arts: Makoto Iida
Gemstone Care Center: Tirth Panchal
Chartwell Ridgepointe: Sakina Shikama
Sikh Temple: Gurpreet Pua
Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO
As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO
Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO
JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve
Does Asset-Light Strategy Contribute to the Dynamic Efficiency of Global Airlines?
This study analyses the effect of asset-light strategy on the dynamic efficiency of global airlines from 2008 to 2013. First, a dynamic data envelopment analysis is employed to estimate the dynamic efficiency of global airlines. Second, the degree of asset-lightness is computed by combining the concepts of the DuPont equation and financial ratios. Third, a multivariate analysis is performed to analyze the association between asset-light strategy and dynamic efficiency. The findings show that asset-light strategy significantly enables global airlines to have better corporate performance. Overall, this study suggests that global airlines should efficiently manage and allocate their light resources to sustain challenges in the dynamic global airline industry
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Corneal dendritic cells in diabetes mellitus: A narrative review.
Peer reviewed: TrueDiabetes mellitus is a global public health problem with both macrovascular and microvascular complications, such as diabetic corneal neuropathy (DCN). Using in-vivo confocal microscopy, corneal nerve changes in DCN patients can be examined. Additionally, changes in the morphology and quantity of corneal dendritic cells (DCs) in diabetic corneas have also been observed. DCs are bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells that serve both immunological and non-immunological roles in human corneas. However, the role and pathogenesis of corneal DC in diabetic corneas have not been well understood. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of both animal and clinical studies that report changes in DCs, including the DC density, maturation stages, as well as relationships between the corneal DCs, corneal nerves, and corneal epithelium, in diabetic corneas. We have also discussed the associations between the changes in corneal DCs and various clinical or imaging parameters, including age, corneal nerve status, and blood metabolic parameters. Such information would provide valuable insight into the development of diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies for DM-associated ocular surface complications
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