A data exchange approach to integrating autonomous manufacturing databases

It has become evident in recent years that due to the complexity and diversity of computer applications in manufacturing environments, not only will previously established 'islands of automation' continue to exist, but new islands will emerge as a result of system expansion and technical renovation. Therefore, it is vitally important that systems integration methods are capable of supporting pre-existing manufacturing application systems as well as incremental system growth. [Continues.

Regio- and Diastereoselective Nickel-Catalyzed Allylation of Aromatic Aldehydes with α‑Halo-β,β-difluoropropene Derivatives

A one-pot nickel-catalyzed allylation of aromatic aldehydes with α-halo-β,β-difluoropropene-containing compounds promoted by ZnEt₂ under mild conditions was described. The reaction displays moderate to good regio- and diastereoselectivity, tolerates a wide range of functional groups, and provides an efficient method for the synthesis of γ-fluorinated homoallylic alcohols

Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions between Arylzinc Reagents and Alkyl Halides Bearing β-Fluorines

We report the first example of iron-catalyzed cross-coupling of α-halo-β,β-difluoroethylene-containing compounds with arylzinc reagents using TMEDA and dppp as coligands. The reaction affords a wide range of functional group tolerant <i>gem</i>-difluoromethylenated compounds in moderate to good yields. The facile dehalodefluorination of α-halo-β,β-difluoroethylene-containing compounds upon treatment of reductive metal reagents was mostly inhibited. Mechanistic studies indicated that the cross-coupling reaction could involve a single-electron-transfer process

Table1_Research on the identification of high-resistance ground faults in the flexible DC distribution network based on VMD–inception–CNN.DOCX

With the rapid development of flexible DC distribution networks, fault detection and identification have also attracted people’s attention. High-resistance grounding fault poses a great challenge to the distribution network. The fault current is very small and random, which makes its detection and identification difficult. The traditional overcurrent protection device cannot identify and act on the fault current. Therefore, this paper proposes a fault detection method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) combined with the convolutional neural network (CNN) of the inception module. This method first uses VMD to decompose the positive transient voltage. Second, it inputs the decomposed signal into CNN for training to obtain the optimal parameters of the model. Finally, the model performance is tested based on the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform. Experiments show that the detection method is accurate and effective. It can realize the accurate identification of seven different fault types.</p

Confined Target-Triggered Hot Spots for In Situ SERS Analysis of Intranuclear Genotoxic Markers

The γH2AX is a type of confined target in nuclei which is highly expressed around the damaged DNA during genotoxicity and has therefore been identified as a marker of genotoxicity. Convenient and intuitive in situ real-time detection of γH2AX is crucial for an accurate assessment of genotoxicity. Selective and nondestructive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is suitable to achieve this goal. However, the detection of substances in the nucleus by SERS is still limited due to the contradiction of probes between the nuclei entry efficiency and signal enhancement. This study utilized the characteristics of γH2AX as a confined target and constructed a γH2AX immunosensor based on gold nanoprobes with a small size (15 nm), which was modified with the TAT nuclear targeting peptide to ensure high nuclei entry efficiency. Once DNA damage was induced, the local overexpression of γH2AX further recruited the probe through immune recognition, so that hot spots could be assembled in situ to generate strong Raman signals, which were applied to evaluate the genotoxicity of drug impurities. This study proposed a novel SERS detection strategy, characterized by confined target-induced size conversion and hot spot formation, for in situ real-time analysis of intranuclear targets at the single-living-cell level, which intelligently simplified the structure of SERS probes and the operation process

Reactivity of Bis(pyridyl)‑<i>N</i>‑alkylaminato Methylpalladium Complexes toward Ethylene: Insights from Experiment and Theory

A series of novel neutral and cationic methylpalladium complexes bearing <i>N</i>-alkyl-2,2′-dipyridylaldiminato ligands were prepared and characterized. In the presence of ethylene, the cationic complexes were active as dimerization catalysts, producing a mixture of 1- and 2-butenes. A Pd–ethyl π-ethylene species was identified as the catalyst resting state by low-temperature spectroscopic and DFT studies, which provided insights into the effect of both steric and electronic factors on the observed reactivity

Reactivity of Bis(pyridyl)‑<i>N</i>‑alkylaminato Methylpalladium Complexes toward Ethylene: Insights from Experiment and Theory

A series of novel neutral and cationic methylpalladium complexes bearing <i>N</i>-alkyl-2,2′-dipyridylaldiminato ligands were prepared and characterized. In the presence of ethylene, the cationic complexes were active as dimerization catalysts, producing a mixture of 1- and 2-butenes. A Pd–ethyl π-ethylene species was identified as the catalyst resting state by low-temperature spectroscopic and DFT studies, which provided insights into the effect of both steric and electronic factors on the observed reactivity

Site-Specific Incorporation of Selenocysteine Using an Expanded Genetic Code and Palladium-Mediated Chemical Deprotection

Selenoproteins containing the 21^st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) exist in all three kingdoms of life and play essential roles in human health and development. The distinct low p<i>K</i>_a, high reactivity, and redox property of Sec also afford unique routes to protein modification and engineering. However, natural Sec incorporation requires idiosyncratic translational machineries that are dedicated to Sec and species-dependent, which makes it challenging to recombinantly prepare selenoproteins with high Sec specificity. As a consequence, the function of half of human selenoproteins remains unclear, and Sec-based protein manipulation has been greatly hampered. Here we report a new general method enabling the site-specific incorporation of Sec into proteins in <i>E. coli</i>. An orthogonal tRNA^Pyl-ASecRS was evolved to specifically incorporate Se-allyl selenocysteine (ASec) in response to the amber codon, and the incorporated ASec was converted to Sec in high efficiency through palladium-mediated cleavage under mild conditions compatible with proteins and cells. This approach completely obviates the natural Sec-dedicated factors, thus allowing various selenoproteins, regardless of Sec position and species source, to be prepared with high Sec specificity and enzyme activity, as shown by the preparation of human thioredoxin and glutathione peroxidase 1. Sec-selective labeling in the presence of Cys was also demonstrated on the surface of live <i>E. coli</i> cells. The tRNA^Pyl-ASecRS pair was further used in mammalian cells to incorporate ASec, which was converted into Sec by palladium catalyst in cellulo. This robust and versatile method should greatly facilitate the study of diverse natural selenoproteins and the engineering of proteins in general via site-specific introduction of Sec

The presence of HBV DNA in glomeruli of HBV-PIGN: Glomeruli were isolated from patients with HBV-PIGN and non-HBV associated PIGN.

<p>HBV-DNA in glomeruli were detected by PCR. β-actin was used as a control to verify genomic DNA presence. PCR products with correct size were analyzed by agarose gels together with molecular markers. Representative gel shows the result of HBV-DNA and β-actin PCRs. Lane 1–10 were the glomeruli from each of 10 patients with HBV-PIGN. Lane 11 was the glomeruli from a patient with non-HBV associated PIGN. Lane 12 was a sample from HBV DNA infected liver tissue as a positive control. HBV DNA was negative in patient with non-HBV associated PIGN (lane 11) and in one HBV-PIGN patient (lane 4).</p

Improvement in glomerular histopathology in diabetic <i>db/db</i> mice fed the ketogenic diet.

<p>Morphometric study demonstrating the mean values of glomerular deposition of PAS positive material(A) (% of total glomerular area) in <i>db/db</i> using light microscopy in fixed kidney stained with periodic-acid-Schiff stain as described in <i>Research Design and </i><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0018604#s2" target="_blank"><i>Methods</i></a>. Images of representative glomerular histology from WT-Chow (B), WT-Keto (C), <i>db/db</i>-Chow (D), <i>db/db</i>-Keto (E). *p<0.05 (ANOVA) vs. Control groups (or vs. db/db-Chow group - horizontal bracket).</p