Downlink Small-cell Base Station Cooperation Strategy in Fractal Small-cell Networks

Coordinated multipoint (CoMP) communications are considered for the fifth-generation (5G) small-cell networks as a tool to improve the high data rates and the cell-edge throughput. The average achievable rates of the small-cell base stations (SBS) cooperation strategies with distance and received signal power constraints are respectively derived for the fractal small-cell networks based on the anisotropic path loss model. Simulation results are presented to show that the average achievable rate with the received signal power constraint is larger than the rate with a distance constraint considering the same number of cooperative SBSs. The average achievable rate with distance constraint decreases with the increase of the intensity of SBSs when the anisotropic path loss model is considered. What's more, the network energy efficiency of fractal smallcell networks adopting the SBS cooperation strategy with the received signal power constraint is analyzed. The network energy efficiency decreases with the increase of the intensity of SBSs which indicates a challenge on the deployment design for fractal small-cell networks.Comment: 5 figures. Accepted by Globecom 201

A compilation of known QSOs for the Gaia mission

Quasars are essential for astrometric in the sense that they are spatial stationary because of their large distance from the Sun. The European Space Agency (ESA) space astrometric satellite Gaia is scanning the whole sky with unprecedented accuracy up to a few muas level. However, Gaia's two fields of view observations strategy may introduce a parallax bias in the Gaia catalog. Since it presents no significant parallax, quasar is perfect nature object to detect such bias. More importantly, quasars can be used to construct a Celestial Reference Frame in the optical wavelengths in Gaia mission. In this paper, we compile the most reliable quasars existing in literatures. The final compilation (designated as Known Quasars Catalog for Gaia mission, KQCG) contains 1843850 objects, among of them, 797632 objects are found in Gaia DR1 after cross-identifications. This catalog will be very useful in Gaia mission

Electrical Control of Magnetization in Charge-ordered Multiferroic LuFe2O4

LuFe2O4 exhibits multiferroicity due to charge order on a frustrated triangular lattice. We find that the magnetization of LuFe2O4 in the multiferroic state can be electrically controlled by applying voltage pulses. Depending on with or without magnetic fields, the magnetization can be electrically switched up or down. We have excluded thermal heating effect and attributed this electrical control of magnetization to an intrinsic magnetoelectric coupling in response to the electrical breakdown of charge ordering. Our findings open up a new route toward electrical control of magnetization.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure

Bangladesh Railway EPC Track Engineering Investigation and Summary

Bangladesh’s railway infrastructure is outdated and inadequate, and the lack of transportation capacity seriously hinders the country’s economic development. In the track engineering practice of EPC projects such as the second line project of a railway Meter-Gauge addition project and the new Board-Gauge railway project in Bangladesh, according to the operation characteristics and maintenance status of the existing cable of the Bangladesh railway, the design and construction characteristics of the railway track, and the procurement of track materials, combined with the characteristics of the EPC project management in the country, suggestions on the general contracting and construction of track engineering were put forward. He also analyzed and summarized the risk factors in the design and construction of Bangladesh railway track engineering, and made some useful thoughts and explorations on how to do a good job in the general contracting of track engineering of EPC projects according to local conditions

Anticoagulant effect of low molecular weight heparin on central venous catheters in haemodialysis patients

Purpose: To analyse the effect of low molecular weight heparin on venous catheters in haemodialysis patients.Methods: This study included 140 eligible patients who were randomly and evenly divided into two groups, viz, a study group that received low molecular weight heparin and a control group that received conventional heparin. The clinical effects and incidence of complications were compared for the two groups.Results: No significant difference in general characteristics or the incidence of tube occlusion was detected between the two groups. The mean blood flow volume of the study and control groups were 223.50 ± 19.10 and 222.70 ± 18.70 mL/min, respectively (t = 0.940, p > 0.05), and the incidences of complications (long-term vascular secondary changes and bleeding tendency within 1 year after tube in dwelling) were lower in the study group than in the control group. After haemodialysis, the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were shortened in the study group compared with the control group, whereas the platelet level was higher in the study group (146 ± 33 × 109/L) than in the control group (95 ± 36 × 109/L).Conclusion: The use of low molecular weight heparin as an anticoagulant solution for patients undergoing haemodialysis with central venous catheters (CVCs) is less likely to induce haemodialysisassociated complications and has fewer effects on coagulation function than conventional heparin. Thus, low molecular weight heparin seems to be more suitable as an anticoagulant solution in patients with venous catheters.Keywords: Low molecular weight heparin, Haemodialysis, Central venous catheter, Vascular acces

Investigation of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Greenhouse Gases Emissions on Wastewater Treatment Plant

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Research on a Model of Extracting Persons\u27 Information Based on Statistic Method and Conceptual Knowledge

PACLIC 21 / Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea / November 1-3, 200

The influence on coagulant of patients with cancer by PICC placement

目的  研究PICC置管对肿瘤患者凝血功能的影响。方法  应用ELISA方法测定46例肿瘤患者在PICC前1天、置管后1天、置管后30天和置管后90天四次共147例次血浆D-二聚体（ D-D）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、抗凝血酶Ⅲ（ATⅢ）、纤维蛋白原（Fib）和血小板（PLT）计数，分析PICC对凝血功能的影响。结果  （1）置管前后四次的血浆D-D水平均明显高于正常参考值，但四次之间无明显差异（P>0.05） 。（2）血浆PT、APTT、TT、ATⅢ、Fib水平和PLT计数均在正常参考值范围，且四次比较均无统计学意义（均为 P＞0.05）。（3）化疗未置管的48例中无一例有血栓形成，置管88例中有3例发生血栓，两者比较无统计学意义（P=0.27）。结论  肿瘤患者PICC置管前后血浆D-D、PT、APTT、TT、ATⅢ、Fib水平和PLT计数等各项指标均无明显变化；血浆D-D水平虽均升高，但与PICC也无关。PICC对凝血功能影响不大，是安全可行的辅助治疗手段。Objective: To study the influence on coagulant of patients with cancer by PICC placement. Methods: To test the plasma levels of D-dimer(D-D),prothrombin(PT),activated partial thromplasmtin(APTT),thrombin time(TT),antithrombin(ATⅢ),fibrinogen(Fib) and platelet count by ELISA in 46 patients with cancer in one day before PICC placement, in one day,30 day, and 90 day after PICC placement, and analyses the change feature and clinical significance. Results: (1)The levels of plasma D-D were higher than control group in both pre-PICC placement and post-PICC placement, but there were no differences in both pre-PICC placement and post-PICC placement(P>0.05).(2)The levels of plasma PT, APTT,TT,ATⅢ,Fib and platelet were not different in both pre-PICC placement and post-PICC placement(all P>0.05),and there were no differences from control group.(3)There were no cases with thromboembolism in 48 cancer patients without PICC placement, and  3 cases of thromboembolism occurred among 88 cancer patients treated with PICC placement. But there were no significances(P=0.27). Conclusion: Therelevels of D-D,PT,APTT,TT,ATⅢ, Fib and platelet in patients with cancer did not change in both pre-PICC placement and post-PICC placement. There was no effect of coagulant on patients with cancer by PICC placement. The PICC placement was safe

A combined experimental-theoretical study of the ligW-catalyzed decarboxylation of 5-carboxyvanillate in the metabolic pathway for lignin degradation

Although it is a member of the amidohydrolase superfamily, LigW catalyzes the nonoxidative decarboxylation of 5-carboxyvanillate to form vanillate in the metabolic pathway for bacterial lignin degradation. We now show that membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) can be used to measure transient CO₂ concentrations in real time, thereby permitting us to establish that C–C bond cleavage proceeds to give CO₂ rather than HCO₃^– as the initial product in the LigW-catalyzed reaction. Thus, incubation of LigW at pH 7.0 with the substrate 5-carboxyvanillate results in an initial burst of CO₂ formation that gradually decreases to an equilibrium value as CO₂ is nonenzymatically hydrated to HCO₃^–. The burst of CO₂ is completely eliminated with the simultaneous addition of substrate and excess carbonic anhydrase to the enzyme, demonstrating that CO₂ is the initial reaction product. This finding is fully consistent with the results of density functional theory calculations, which also provide support for a mechanism in which protonation of the C5 carbon takes place prior to C–C bond cleavage. The calculated barrier of 16.8 kcal/mol for the rate-limiting step, the formation of the C5-protonated intermediate, compares well with the observed <i>k</i>_cat value of 27 s^–1 for Sphingomonas paucimobilis LigW, which corresponds to an energy barrier of ∼16 kcal/mol. The MIMS-based strategy is superior to alternate methods of establishing whether CO₂ or HCO₃^– is the initial reaction product, such as the use of pH-dependent dyes to monitor very small changes in solution pH. Moreover, the MIMS-based assay is generally applicable to studies of all enzymes that produce and/or consume small-molecule, neutral gases