Standards behaviours face to innovation of the entrepreneurships of Beira Interior

Accord Aydalot (1986), the firm in no heaven-sent agent free to “choose” an environment, it is secrete by its environment. The firm is not an isolated innovative agent but is part of the milieu, which makes it act. The competitive and innovative performance of the territory, territories more or less competitive and innovative, requires persistence and participation of the different actors: companies, institutions of support and assistance to the company’s activity, public institutions. We do not have the ambition to cover the whole different actors, but illustrate the approach that reflect the better performance innovative of the companies is associate to different factors of the environment milieu and evaluate the determinant conditions of participation in innovation activities. Our purpose is to analyse the behaviour of the companies of 3 NUTS III of Beira Interior of Portugal, relatively to the innovative initiatives. We use a survey applied to vast set of companies. The methodology is based on the application of the multivariate statistics: k-means analysis clusters that allowed distinguish 3 standard behaviours from the companies. To classify the standard behaviour of the companies and identify the characteristics of each cluster, we applied the crosstabs and compare means. We consider the fowling attributes to the different clusters: process of innovation, the mechanisms of knowledge, the networks and the system of governance. These attributes will help to trace the profile of the innovative behaviours and to perceive which the factors or variables of the environment those are links with the best performance on innovation.

Development and testing of a dual accelerometer vector sensor for AUV acoustic surveys

This paper presents the design, manufacturing and testing of a Dual Accelerometer Vector Sensor (DAVS). The device was built within the activities of theWiMUST project, supported under the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, which aims to improve the efficiency of the methodologies used to perform geophysical acoustic surveys at sea by the use of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). The DAVS has the potential to contribute to this aim in various ways, for example, owing to its spatial filtering capability, it may reduce the amount of post processing by discriminating the bottom from the surface reflections. Additionally, its compact size allows easier integration with AUVs and hence facilitates the vehicle manoeuvrability compared to the classical towed arrays. The present paper is focused on results related to acoustic wave azimuth estimation as an example of its spatial filtering capabilities. The DAVS device consists of two tri-axial accelerometers and one hydrophone moulded in one unit. Sensitivity and directionality of these three sensors were measured in a tank, whilst the direction estimation capabilities of the accelerometers paired with the hydrophone, forming a vector sensor, were evaluated on a Medusa Class AUV, which was sailing around a deployed sound source. Results of these measurements are presented in this paper.European Union [645141]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Acoustic pressure and particle velocity for spatial filtering of bottom arrivals

This paper discusses the advantages of using a combination of acoustic pressure and particle velocitymotion for filtering bottom arrivals. A possible area of application is reflection seismology where, traditionally, the seismic image is extracted from the bottom-reflected broadband acoustic signals received on hydrophones. Since hydrophones are omnidirectional in nature, the received bottom returns are often contaminated by waterborne signals, sea surface reflections, and noise. A substantial part of the processing of the data is dedicated to filtering out these unwanted signals. Today, vector sensors allow us to measure both acoustic pressure and particle velocity motion in a single and compact sensor. The combination of pressure and particle velocity measured at a single location or particle velocity and particle velocity gradient at closely spaced locations allows for spatial beam steering to predetermined directions and filter out unwanted replicas from other directions. Moreover, this can be done at the sensor level, dramatically decreasing the offline processing. The spatial filtering capabilities of various pressure-pressure, particle velocity-particle velocity, and pressure-particle velocity combinations are analyzed in view of filtering the bottom arrivals. It is shown that the combination of pressure and vertical particle velocity and, particularly, the combination of vertical particle velocity and particle velocity gradient enhance bottom arrivals. Moreover, a simple steering procedure combining pressure and particle velocity components of a triaxial sensor allows us to determine the tridimensional structure of the acoustic field and the separation of the bottom reflections. The spatial selectivity of the various sensor combinations is shown with simulations and verified with experimental data acquired with 10 cm separated vector sensors in the 800-1250-Hz band, during the Makai 2005 sea trial, off Kauai Island, HI, USA.This work was supported by the European Union H2020 Research Program under WiMUST Project (Contract 645141).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Acoustic inversion of the cold water filaments off the Southwest coast of Portugal

Cold water filaments have important implications in the biological and chemical exchanges between the coastal and offshore ocean. The Cape São Vicente area in the Southwest coast of Portugal is a well know region where such phenomenon is observed. In October 2004, the multidisciplinary project ATOMS, involving oceanographers and acousticians, was conducted with the objective to complement the sea surface temperature (SST) satellite observation with a full water column characterization. Due to weather and technical conditions during the project sea trial, only CTD measurements in upper layers of the water column were performed. These at sea collected data together with archival data from the NODC database, allowed to establish realistic scenario of the 3D temperature distribution in the area, including deeper water layers. Archival data of temperature profiles suggest the occurrence of other important oceanic phenomena such as the subduction of warm Mediterrenean water, that should also influence the acoustic propagation. With the help of forward acoustic modelling the significance and signature of the individual oceanographic phenomena on the acoustic propagation, regarding different sampling strategies of the area by acoustic means is investigated. These investigations allowed to develop strategies to settle the main problem addressed by this work: invert the cold water filament structure by acoustic means in a complex environment where acoustic propagation is affected also by other important oceanic and bathymetric features. Since, the objective of this work, is to evaluate the ability to perform a 3D characterization of vertical structure of the ocean, a minimal transmit-receive acquisition composed of a suspended source from a ship and a drifting vertical array, is assumed. The spatial structure is obtained by a combination of inversions for ”mean” sound speed/temperature perturbations obtained for source-array cross-sections covering the area of interest. Matched-field and ray tracing based tomography techniques are used in the inversion for the ”mean” perturbations. The planned sampling strategies and necessary acoustic equipment to resolve such oceanic features is discussed having in mind future sea trials.ATOMS - POCTI/MAR/15296/1999; FCT Program POSI - QCA III

Sépsis bacteriana no contexto Angolano

Sépsis é uma palavra derivada do grego [s????], a qual significa a decomposição de materiais orgânicos que pode ocorrer por animais, plantas ou bactérias. A sépsis é responsável por 15 a 20% de todas as mortes nos países em vias de desenvolvimento e por mais de 1,5 milhões mortes de recém-nascidos e crianças a cada ano. Como condição médica, a sépsis é mais letal que um acidente vascular cerebral, apresentando taxas de mortalidade e morbidade próximas a 80% em países em vias de desenvolvimento. Além disso, quando comparado com a incidência de outras principais causas de morte, a incidência da sépsis tem vindo a aumentar. De facto, a incidência da sépsis aumentou de 1 672 casos por 100 000 habitantes em 2008 para 2 618 casos em 2012. A sépsis é uma doença infeciosa de etiologia variada (bacteriana, viral, fúngica ou até mesmo por protozoários), sendo que a etiologia mais frequente é a bacteriana. A transmissão da sépsis pode ocorrer por via endógena (infeção a partir de microrganismos colonizadores, microrganismos da flora normal); e/ou exógena (infeção a partir de um agente infecioso externo tendo penetrado no hospedeiro). A manifestação da sépsis está associada aos sinais e sintomas da infeção primária. O diagnóstico desta cultura é normalmente realizado recorrendo a hemocultura. O tratamento proposto, que deve ocorrer nas primeiras 6 a 8 horas após a identificação do doente com sépsis, inclui a reposição volumétrica vigorosa a cada 30 minutos conjugada com a administração de antibióticos. Os antimicrobianos são os agentes mais específicos e acessíveis para o tratamento do doente com sépsis, embora apenas representem uma abordagem parcial do problema. Uma das alternativas exploradas para aumentar a eficiência dos antibióticos é a estimulação da imunidade inata do doente, pelo aumento do número de leucócitos. Os dados descritos na literatura indicam que melhores taxas de sobrevivência em doentes com sépsis poderão ser atingidas com tratamentos adicionais aos convencionais agentes antimicrobianos. A sépsis é uma das principais causas de morbilidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo, particularmente em Angola. Em Angola, poucos hospitais públicos estão preparados para a realização de hemoculturas automatizadas, sendo a técnica manual a mais utilizada, o que torna o diagnóstico demorado e pouco fidedigno pelo índice de contaminação do material. Devido a este facto, é essencial o desenvolvimento de um conjunto de medidas para o reconhecimento e gestão precoce da sépsis refletindo o nível primário, secundário e terciário de cuidados.Sepsis is a word derived from the Greek [s????], which means the decomposition of organic materials that can occur by animals, plants or bacteria. Sepsis accounts for 15 to 20 percent of all deaths in developing countries and more than 1.5 million deaths of newborns and children each year. As a medical condition, sepsis is more lethal than a stroke, with morbidity and mortality rates nearing 80% in developing countries. In addition, when compared to the incidence of other major causes of death, the incidence of sepsis has been increasing. In fact, the sepsis incidence increased from 1 672 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in 2008 to 2 618 cases in 2012. Sepsis is an infectious disease of varied etiology (i.e. bacterial, viral, fungal or even protozoan), and the most frequent etiology is bacterial. The transmission of sepsis can occur through endogenous route (i.e. infection from colonizing microorganisms, normal flora microorganisms); and/or exogenous (i.e. infection from an external infecting agent having penetrated the host). The manifestation of sepsis is associated with signs and symptoms of primary infection and its diagnosis is commonly performed by using blood cultures. The proposed treatment, which should occur within the first 6 to 8 hours after identification of the patient with sepsis, includes vigorous volume replacement every 30 minutes in conjunction with the administration of antibiotics. Antimicrobials are the most specific and accessible agents for the treatment of patients with sepsis, although they represent only a partial approach to the problem since bacteria can develop resistance to these molecules. One of the alternatives explored to increase the efficiency of antibiotics is the stimulation of the innate immunity of the patient by the increase of the leukocytes levels. Data reported in the literature indicate that improved survival rates in patients with sepsis may be reached with additional treatments to conventional antimicrobial agents. Sepsis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in Angola. In Angola, few public hospitals are prepared to perform automated blood cultures, the manual technique being the most used, which makes the diagnosis time-consuming and unreliable by the high index of the material contamination. Due to this fact, it is essential to develop a set of measures for the early recognition and management of sepsis reflecting the primary, secondary and tertiary level of care

Glyphosate sub lethal rates do not reduce corn yield

Na aplicação de herbicidas, utilizados como maturadores, deve ser levado em consideração as culturas cultivadas em áreas adjacentes, devido ao risco de ocorrência de deriva desses produtos. Partindo do pressuposto da sensibilidade da cultura do milho ao glyphosate, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de subdoses de glyphosate na cultura do milho quando aplicadas em estádios de desenvolvimento V4 e V8. O experimento foi instalado em Jataí, GO, constituído de 10 tratamentos estabelecidos no delineamento com blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator correspondeu à aplicação do maturador nos estádios V4 e V8 de desenvolvimento da cultura do milho e o segundo fator às subdoses (0; 3; 6; 9 e 12% de 216,0 g ha-1 e.a.) de glyphosate. Cada parcela experimental continha 10 linhas do híbrido SYN 7G17 com 9 metros de comprimento. Efeitos de fitotoxicidade visual nas plantas não foram perceptíveis em ambos estádios de aplicação aos 7, 14, 21, 28 e 42 dias após aplicação. Componentes de crescimento e de produção não foram afetados por subdoses de até 12% (25,92 g ha-1 e.a.) de glyphosate.In herbicides spraying, used as ripeners, should be considered the presence of crops growing in adjacent areas, due to the risk of drift of these products. In this context, assuming the sensitivity of corn to this ripener, the aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of glyphosate sublethal rates in corn when applied to V4 and V8 stages of development. The experiment was conducted in Jataí, GO, consisted of 10 treatments established in randomized blocks design where the treatments were arranged in factorial 2 x 5, with four replications. First factor corresponded to spraying at the V4 and V8 stages of development of the corn and the second factor to sublethal rates (0; 3; 6; 9 and 12% of 216.0 g ha-1 a.e.) of glyphosate. Each plot contained 10 rows of hybrid SYN 7G17 with 9 meters length. Visual phytotoxicity effects on plants were not noticeable in both stages of application at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days after application. Growth and production components were not affected by sublethal rates up to 12% (25.92 g ha-1 a.e.) of glyphosate

Subdoses do ácido 2-cloroetilfosfônico em estádios vegetativos da cultura do milho

The use of ripeners has been common practice in sugarcane cultivation. The application of these products is often performed through aerial spraying, which increases the chances of molecules from the ripener drifting into other crops, such as corn. With the aim of studying possible phytointoxication in corn caused by ethephon drift, a field experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of ripener sub-dosing when applied in the V4 and V8 development stages of corn cultivation. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design, with four replications. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with first factor corresponding to the corn growth stages in which the ripener was applied (V4 and V8), and the second factor referred to the ethephon sub-doses (0; 14.26; 28.51; 42.77, and 57.02 g ha-1 a.i.). Visual phytotoxicity effects were not perceptible when sub-doses were applied in the V4 and V8 corn growth stages. Similarly, agronomic characteristics and grain yield were not altered by ethephon sub-doses of up to 57.02 g ha-1 a.i.O uso de maturadores tem sido prática comum na cultura da cana-de-açúcar. A aplicação destes produtos ocorre muitas vezes por meio de pulverização aérea, o que aumenta as chances de ocorrer deriva das moléculas do maturador em outras culturas, como o milho. Visando estudar possíveis fitointoxicações no milho ocasionadas por deriva de ethephon, foi realizado um experimento em campo com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de subdoses do maturador quando aplicado nos estádios de desenvolvimento V4 e V8 da cultura do milho. O experimento foi instalado no delineamento com blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com primeiro fator correspondente aos estádios de desenvolvimento do milho em que foi aplicado o maturador (V4 e V8) e o segundo fator foi referente às subdoses de ethephon (0; 14,26; 28,51; 42,77 e 57,02 g ha-1 i.a.). Efeitos de fitotoxicidade visual não foram perceptíveis quando se aplicou as subdoses nos estádios V4 e V8 de desenvolvimento da cultura do milho. Da mesma forma, as características agronômicas e a produtividade de grãos não foram alterados por subdoses de até 57,02 g ha-1 i.a. de ethephon

Glyphosate effectiveness in the burndown of signalgrass at two levels of biomass

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a eficácia de glyphosate na dessecação de Urochloa ruziziensis, U. decumbens e U. brizantha cv. Piatã em dois níveis de biomassa para estabelecimento de plantio direto em áreas de Cerrado. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituídas de dois níveis de biomassa e as subparcelas foram constituídas por quatro dosagens do herbicida glyphosate na marca comercial Roundup Ultra® a 0,65; 1,30, 1,95 e 2,60 kg ha-1 de equivalente ácido. A aplicação foi realizada com pulverizador customizado pressurizado a CO2 com pressão constante de 210 kPa munido de barra com oito bicos com pontas TT110015, espaçados em 0,5 m e consumo de calda equivalente a 100 L ha-1. As avaliações basearam-se na porcentagem de controle da massa vegetal, realizada aos 10, 15 e 20 dias após a aplicação. Conclui-se que a U. ruziziensis é mais sensível ao glyphosate que as demais espécies pesquisadas e que os níveis de biomassa influenciam na dose a ser ministrada apenas para a U. decumbens e U. brizantha cv. Piatã.The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of glyphosate in desiccating Urochloa ruziziensis, U. decumbens, and U. brizantha cv. Piatã at two levels of biomass for no-till establishment in Cerrado areas. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications, in a split-plot system. Plots consisted of two levels of biomass and sub-plots consisted of four doses of Roundup Ultra® - glyphosate at 0.65; 1.30, 1.95 and 2.60 kg ha-1 acid equivalent. The application was performed using custom pressurized CO2 sprayer at the constant pressure of 210 kPa bar equipped with eight nozzles with TT110015, spaced at 0.5 m, and spray solution volume equivalent to 100 liters h-1. The assessments were based on the percentage of control of plant mass, performed on day 10, 15 and 20 after application. It is possible to conclude that U. ruziziensis is more sensitive to glyphosate than the other studied species and biomass levels influence doses to be given only for U. decumbens and U. brizantha cv. Piatã

UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA SOBRE O ENSINO DE PROBABILIDADE NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de parte uma pesquisa de mestrado, e tem como objetivo mapear eanalisar pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o Ensino de Probabilidade na Educação Básica, publicadas entre osanos de 2012 a 2017. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão sistemática de literatura, e partiu de buscasrealizadas nos periódicos da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), e no Banco deTeses e Dissertações da CAPES1, sendo selecionados 16 trabalhos após análises. Concluímos que os estudosanalisados apontam para a importância da utilização de recursos didáticos e a variação de metodologiaspara o Ensino de Probabilidade no ambiente escolar. Percebemos também a necessidade de discutir oEnsino de Probabilidade na formação de professores e ampliação de pesquisas em todos os níveis daEducação Básica

UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA SOBRE O ENSINO DE PROBABILIDADE NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de parte uma pesquisa de mestrado, e tem como objetivo mapear eanalisar pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o Ensino de Probabilidade na Educação Básica, publicadas entre osanos de 2012 a 2017. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão sistemática de literatura, e partiu de buscasrealizadas nos periódicos da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), e no Banco deTeses e Dissertações da CAPES1, sendo selecionados 16 trabalhos após análises. Concluímos que os estudosanalisados apontam para a importância da utilização de recursos didáticos e a variação de metodologiaspara o Ensino de Probabilidade no ambiente escolar. Percebemos também a necessidade de discutir oEnsino de Probabilidade na formação de professores e ampliação de pesquisas em todos os níveis daEducação Básica