Adsorption induced reconstruction of the Cu(110) surface

The formation of the O/Cu(110)-(2 × 1) and H/Cu(110)-(1 × 2) superstructures has been investigated by a LEED beam profile analysis. The oxygen induced reconstruction proceeds at later stages by creation of holes on flat terraces. This could not be observed at the hydrogen induced missing row reconstruction. The formation of the missing row structure proceeds most probably via nucleation at steps and subsequent growth of (1 × 2) islands. The influence of different distributions of steps and islands on beam profiles is discussed

A new type of reconstruction on the InSb() surface determined by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction

The (3×3) reconstruction of the InSb( ) surface has been investigated by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. The structure is characterized by 6-atom rings on top of a slightly buckled InSb top double layer. Two types of rings have been found, an elliptic ring consisting of 4 In and 2 Sb atoms and a trigonal ring with 3 In and 3 Sb atoms. The bond angles and lengths are consistent with the concept of rehybridization and depolarization which explains the reconstructions of the (111) and (110) surfaces

Ptychographic X-ray computed tomography of extended colloidal networks in food emulsions

As a main structural level in colloidal food materials, extended colloidal networks are important for texture and rheology. By obtaining the 3D microstructure of the network, macroscopic mechanical properties of the material can be inferred. However, this approach is hampered by the lack of suitable non-destructive 3D imaging techniques with submicron resolution. We present results of quantitative ptychographic X-ray computed tomography applied to a palm kernel oil based oil-in-water emulsion. The measurements were carried out at ambient pressure and temperature. The 3D structure of the extended colloidal network of fat globules was obtained with a resolution of around 300 nm. Through image analysis of the network structure, the fat globule size distribution was computed and compared to previous findings. In further support, the reconstructed electron density values were within 4% of reference values.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Food Structur