28 research outputs found
Antioxidant flavonoids and ischaemic heart disease in a Welsh population of men. The Caerphilly Study.
Nutrient intakes of men in South Wales: a comparison of surveys taken in 1980–1983 and 1990
Factors influencing compliance with dietary advice: the Diet And Reinfarction Trial (DART)
Fruit and vegetable consumption and cancer mortality in the Caerphilly study.
We investigated whether the consumption of fruit and
vegetables lowered cancer mortality in a cohort of 2112
Welsh men ages 45-69 years (The Caerphilly Study),
which was followed-up for 13.8 years. At baseline
(between 1979 and 1983), participants completed a 56-
item food frequency questionnaire from which the
consumption of fruit and vegetables was calculated.
Relative risks (RR) were estimated with Cox proportional
hazard analysis, with death from various types of cancer
as a dependent variable, and fruit, vegetables, vitamin C,
a-carotene, dietary fiber, and potential confounders as
independent variables. Mean consumption of vegetables
and fruit at baseline was 118 g/day and 83 g/day,
respectively. During follow-up 1 14 men died from cancer,
including 51 men who died from respiratory tract cancer
and 45 men who died from digestive tract cancer. Fruit
consumption and the intake of dietary fiber were
inversely related to respiratory tract cancer, but after
adjustment for potential confounders including age,
smoking, and social class, the association with fruit
consumption became nonsignificant. Vegetable and fruit
consumption was, independently from other risk factors,
inversely related to mortality from cancer of the digestive
tract (P for trend = 0.021), mainly due to an inverse
association with fruit consumption (RR for the highest
quartile versus the lowest was 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.8).
Vitamin C, (3-carotene, and dietary fiber were not
significantly associated with cancers of the digestive tract.
Vegetable and fruit consumption was also inversely
related to all-cause cancer mortality, and the strongest
association was observed for fruit consumption (RR in
the highest versus lowest quartile was 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-
1.0). Consumption of vegetables and particularly the
consumption of fruit could considerably lower the risk of
dying from cancer in middle-aged men
Changes in dietary fibre intake in two British towns
A postal survey of dietary fibre intake was conducted in two British towns in 1983, and repeated five years later. Consumption of dietary fibre had risen, the rise being greater in the town where the initial intake was higher. Changes in intake appeared to be related to health-consciousness as reflected by changes in body mass index (BMI) and smoking habit. Although dietary fibre consumption in Britain is rising overall, local differences may be widening rather than narrowing