A nationwide multicentre study in Turkey for establishing reference intervals of haematological parameters with novel use of a panel of whole blood

IntroductionA nationwide multicentre study was conducted to establish well-defined reference intervals (RIs) of haematological parameters for the Turkish population in consideration of sources of variation in reference values (RVs). Materials and methodsK2-EDTA whole blood samples (total of 3363) were collected from 12 laboratories. Sera were also collected for measurements of iron, UIBC, TIBC, and ferritin for use in the latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE) method. The blood samples were analysed within 2 hours in each laboratory using Cell Dyn and Ruby (Abbott), LH780 (Beckman Coulter), or XT-2000i (Sysmex). A panel of freshly prepared blood from 40 healthy volunteers was measured in common to assess any analyser-dependent bias in the measurements. The SD ratio (SDR) based on ANOVA was used to judge the need for partitioning RVs. RIs were computed by the parametric method with/without applying the LAVE method. ResultsAnalyser-dependent bias was found for basophils (Bas), MCHC, RDW and MPV from the panel test results and thus those RIs were derived for each manufacturer. RIs were determined from all volunteers’ results for WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, MCV, MCH and platelets. Gender-specific RIs were required for RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, iron, UIBC and ferritin. Region-specific RIs were required for RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, UIBC, and TIBC. ConclusionsWith the novel use of a freshly prepared blood panel, manufacturer-specific RIs’ were derived for Bas, Bas%, MCHC, RDW and MPV. Regional differences in RIs were observed among the 7 regions of Turkey, which may be attributed to nutritional or environmental factors, including altitude

Vitamin A status of healthy children in Manisa, Turkey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health nutrition problem in the developing world. Even subclinical Vitamin A deficiency is associated with increased childhood mortality. Severe maternal vitamin A deficiency may cause increased mortality in the first months of life. There have been a limited number of studies regarding vitamin A status in Turkey. The aim of this study was to assess vitamin A status of healthy children in Manisa, Turkey.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Vitamin A status of 100 healthy children aged 36-48 months is evaluated. The children were seen during routine examination. Serum retinol concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Duration of breast feeding, age solid foods introduced, use of supplementary vitamins, weight and height, and intake of specific groups of nutrients on a daily, weekly and monthly basis were collected from a questionnaire completed by the mothers. Height and weight z-scores were calculated according to national standards. Mothers of 20 of the 100 children were known to have normal serum and breast milk retinol concentrations. Children with normal serum retinol concentration were compared with the children with VAD. Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare independent variables. The Pearson correlation analysis test was used to test relation between numeric variables.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Mean retinol concentration was 0.98 ± 0.32 μmol/L in the whole study group. Serum retinol concentrations were normal (>0.70 μmol/L) in 89% of the children. When children with normal serum retinol concentrations were compared with those with retinol concentrations lower than 0.70 μmol/L, there was no difference in terms of age, gender, weight and height at the time of study, z-scores, birth weight, birth length, duration of breast feeding, time to begin solid food, rate of supplementary vitamin use, and rate of infections (P > 0.05). There was not any relation between vitamin A concentrations and weight and height at the time of study, z-scores, birth weight, birth length, duration of breast feeding, time to begin solid food, vitamin use, and frequency of intake of specific groups of nutrients (P > 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study showed that VAD is a moderate health problem in Manisa.</p

Examining Acute Changes in Some Serum Biochemical Markers of Brain Tissue Damage After Free and Greco-Roman Style Wrestling

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to examine the acute changes in some serum biochemical markers due to overloading in one match of Greco-Roman and free style wrestling competitions. Method: In a repeated measures design, serum samples were collected before and 20 minutes after the first matches of the wrestlers during local wrestling competitions; subsequently analyzed for S-100B and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein. Study groups composed of Greco-Roman (n=15) and free style (n=16) wrestling groups of &gt;19 yearold, healthy, male wrestlers. All matches were video-recorded for trauma analyses for each player. Results: Study results showed increments of 109% (p=.007) and 145% (p=.001) in serum S-100B; 63% (p=.023) and 198% (p=.002) in heart-type fatty acid-binding protein levels from pre to post match in the free and Greco-Roman style groups, respectively. The comparison of the increases obtained in the measured parameters did not reveal significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: Due to the significant increases in serum markers, there may be a possible additive effect of traumas in causing brain injuries/head traumas in free and GrecoRoman style wrestling. However, different style wrestling did not affect serum markers indicating brain tissue damage differently. Key words: Free Style Wrestling, Greco-Roman Style Wrestling, S-100B, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein. ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışma serbest ve grekoromen güreş müsabakalarında tek bir güreş karşı-laşmasındaki aşırı yüklenmeye bağlı olarak bazı serum markerlerindeki akut değişimin incelenmesini amaçladı. Yöntem: Bölgesel güreş müsabakaları esnasında, tekrarlı ölçüm yöntemiyle güreşçile-rin ilk karşılaşmaları öncesi ve 20 dakika sonrasında kan örneği alındı; S-100B ve H tip yağ asidi bağlayıcı protein düzeyleri ölçüldü. Çalışma grupları grekoromen (n=15) ve serbest stil güreş gruplarına (n=16) ait &gt;19 yaşında, sağlıklı, erkek güreşçilerden oluştu. Tüm müsabakalar her bir güreşçinin maruz kaldığı darbelerin analizi için kamera ile kaydedildi. Bulgular: Sonuçta serum S-100B düzeylerinde sırasıyla serbest ve Grekoromen stilde %109 (p=.007) ve %145 (p=.001), H tip yağ asidi bağlayıcı protein düzeylerinde ise %63 (p=.023) ve %198&apos;lik (p=.002) artışlar saptandı. Ölçülen parametrelerdeki artışlar karşılaştırıldığında, gruplar arası anlamlı farklılık belirlenmedi. Sonuç: Serum markerlerindeki anlamlı artışlara bağlı olarak, serbest ve grekoromen stil güreşte darbelerin beyin yaralanması/kafa travması için olası bir etkisinin olabileceği düşünülebilir, fakat farklı stil güreş beyin doku hasarını gösteren serum markerlerini farklı olarak etkilemedi. Anahtar sözcükler: Serbest stil güreş, Grekoromen stil güreş, S-100B, H tip yağ asidi bağlayıcı protein. Turk J Biochem, 2010; 35 (4) ; 307-312. Arslan et al. 30

Ratlarda unilateral orkidektomi sonrası kontralateral testisin laktat dehidrogenaz-C4 izoenzimi ile değerlendirilmesi

Torsiyon, varikosel, ve vas deferens obstruksiyonuna bağlı kontralateral testisdeki akut hasarı inceleyen bir çok araştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızda, tek taraflı orşidektomi operasyonu sonrası kontralateral testiküler fonksiyonunun uzun dönem sonuçlarını incelemeyi amaçladık. Çalışmamızda 20 adet 200-250 gr ağırlığında Wistar albino erkek rat kullanılmıştır. On rafa unilateral orşidektomi uygulanmış, 10 rafa ise Sham operasyonu yapılarak control grubu olarak kullanılmıştır. 30 gün sonra ratlar sakrifiye edilmiş ve testisleri çıkarılmıştır. Testiküler fonksiyon testis dokusunda laktat dehidrogenaz izoenzimi aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Testiküler LDH-C4 izoenzimi agaroz jel elektroforez metoduyla analiz edilmiştir. LDH-C4 izoenzim aktiviteleri çalışma grubunda Sham kontroluna göre anlamlı(p<0.05) bulunmuştur.(7.42±6.69 vs 10.07±6.92 lU/mg yaş doku). Sonuç olarak, LDH-C4 izoenzimin kontralateral hasarı değerlendirebilecek hassas bir biyokimyasal parameter olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmamızda unilateral orkidektomi operasyonundan 30 gün sonra kontralateral testisde biyokimyasal değişiklikler olduğu gösterilmiştir.There are numerous experimental studies on contralateral testicular damage induced by torsion, vahcocele and vas deference obstruction. In the present study, we aimed to investigate contralateral testicular function after unilateral orchidectomy. The study comprised 20 Wistar Albino, male rats, 200-250 g in weight. In ten rats unilateral orchidectomy was performed while the remaining were Sham operated and taken as controls. After a period of 30 days, rats were sacrificed and all testes were harvested. Testicular function was evaluated with lactate dehydragenase-C4 (LDH-C4) isoenzyme in the testicular tissue. Testicular LDH-C4 isoenzyme was assessed by agarous gel electrophoresis method. LDH-C4 isoenzyme activities were found significantly (p&lt;0.05) decreased in the study group (7.42+6.69 vs 10.07+6.92 lU/mg wet tissue) compared with Sham controls. In conclusion, LDH-C4 isoenzyme could be a sensitive biochemical parameter showing the injury formed in the contralateral testis. The present experimental study showed that in unilateral orchidectomy the biochemical alterations were demonstrated in the contralateral testis at one month postoperatively. In a standard orchidectomy, spermatic cord ligation, vas deference obstruction, even spermatic cord torsion are inevitable; thus, during orchidectomy operations unintentional twisting of the spermatic cord, accordingly, does not seem to be appropriate

The Effect of Bisphosphonate Treatment on Blood Lipid Parameters in Patients with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Bisphosphonates are currently the most preferred class of drugs used for the treatment of metabolic bone disease such as osteoporosis and Paget’s disease. Although their exact mechanism has not been identified, the compounds containing amino group (amino bisphosphonates) were shown to decrease osteoclast activation by inhibiting mevalonate pathway. Because mevalonate pathway is essential in production of cholesterol, these compounds could also interfere with cholesterol synthesis. In the present study, the effects of aminobisphosphonates on lipid parameters in subjects who were diagnosed as osteoporosis were investigated. For this reason, 50 postmenopausal osteoporotic subjects were included in the study and 25 of them (mean age:54±9 years) received alendronate sodium (70mg/week) and the remaining 25 subjects (mean age:55±8 years) were given risedronate sodium (35mg/week). Blood samples were analyzed at baseline and at the end of sixth months. Total cholesterol, high density cholesterol (HDL-chol), low density cholesterol (LDL-chol), triglyceride, apolipoprotein A (Apo-A), apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) and lipoprotein (a) (Lip a) were investigated as lipid parameters. Total alkaline phophatase (TAP), bone-specific alkaline phophatase (BAP), osteocalcine (OCL) and urine deoxyprydolin (DPD) levels were assessed as bone remodeling markers. After six month treatment period, while significant changes were observed in bone remodeling parameters (p0.05). Our results suggest that moderate-term oral aminobisfosphonate treatment has no significant effect on blood lipid parameters

Atipik antipsikotik kullanan hastalarda ailede diyabet öyküsü olmasının glukoz metabolizması üzerine olan etkisi

Objective: Diabetes is observed 2-3 times more frequently in schizophrenic patients with comparison to the general population. Recently, many publications have reported diabetes related to atypical antipsychotics. Risk factors such as age, ethnicity, overweight, duration of obesity, physical activity, and family history of diabetes seem to help development of diabetes. This study aims to investigate how the glucose metabolism is affected from familial history of diabetes which is a risk factor for the disease. Method: Seventy patients who have a diagnosis of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders and are treated with atypical antipsychotics for at least one year were recruited for the study. The patients were divided into two groups defined as those with or without a family history of diabetes. In order to evaluate the glucose metabolism fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance, blood insuline, c- peptide, hemoglobine A1c, leptin and ghrelin levels were measured. Results: The results of the comparison of fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance, blood insuline, c-peptide, hemoglobine A1c, leptin and ghrelin levels between two patient groups with and without family history of diabetesonly ghrelin levels were found to be statistically higher in the group of patients with a history of diabetes in their family; no other parameters have statistically significant differencesbetween two groups. Conclusion: Having a family history of diabetes may increase the probabality of disturbance in glucose metabolism of the patients receiving atypical antipsychotics. It would be reasonable to evaluate the risk factors prior to the treatment and routinely review the parameters required to evaluate the metabolic side effects in clinical follow-ups. Key words: Atypical antipsychotics, metabolic side effect, glucose metabolismAmaç: Şizofreni hastalarında diyabet normal populasyona göre 2-3 kat daha fazla görülür. Son yıllarda atipik antipsikotiklere bağlı ortaya çıkan diyabetten de pek çok yayında söz edilmiştir. Yaş, etnik köken, şişmanlık, şişmanlık süresi, fiziksel aktivite ve ailede diyabet öyküsününün bulunması gibi risk faktörleri diyabete yakalanmayı kolaylaştırır. Bu çalışmanın amacı atipik antipsikotik kullanan hastalarda, diyabet için bir risk faktörü olan, ailede diyabet öyküsü varlığının glukoz metabolizmasını nasıl etkilediğini araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya şizofreni veya başka bir psikotik bozukluk tanısı almış ve en az 1 yıldır atipik antipsikotik kullanmakta olan toplam 70 hasta alınmıştır. Hastalar ailesinde diyabet öyküsü olan ve olmayan diye iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Glukoz metabolizmasını değerlendirmek için açlık kan şekeri, oral glukoz tolerans testi, kan insülin, c-peptit, he- moglobin A1c, leptin ve ghrelin düzeylerine bakılmıştır. Bulgular: Ailesinde diyabet öyküsü olan ve olmayan iki hasta grubunun açlık kan şekeri, oral glukoz tolerans testi, kan insülin,c-peptit, hemoglobin A1c, leptin ve ghrelin düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması sonucu sadece ghrelin düzeyi ailesinde diyabet olan grupta daha yüksek bulunmuştur; diğer parametreler açısından iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Atipik antipsikotik kullanan hastalarda ailede diyabet öyküsü bulunması glukoz metabolizmasının bozulma olasılığını artırabilir. Tedaviye ba?lamadan önce risk faktörlerini gözden geçirmek ve klinik izlemde metabolik yan etkileri değerlendirmek amacıyla gerekli değerlendirmeleri yapmak akıllıca olacaktır. Anahtar sözcükler: ?izofreni, atipik antipsikotik, metabolik yan etki, glikoz metabolizmas

Comparison of some plasma inflammation markers in elite master athletes, recreational athletes and sedentary males Elit Master Atletler, Rekreasyonal Atletler ve Sedanter Erkeklerde Bazı Plazma İnflamasyon Markerlerinin Karşilaştinlmasi

© 2019 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Objective: It is known that high-intensity exercises lead to muscle damage and fibrosis. This study aims to compare some plasma inflammation markers in elite master athletes, recreational athletes and sedentary males to determine muscle injury. Material and Methods: 60 healthy male participants (min-max 45-65 years) were divided into 3 groups: Elite master athletes performing high intensity training (EMAG; n=22), recreational athletes performing moderate intensity training (RG; n=21) and sedentary controls (CG; n=17). Resting serum levels of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alfa (TNF-α), Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGF-β-1), and Klotho hormone were compared among the groups. Results: Body weight, fat percentages, body mass index were lower and MaxVO2 was higher in EMAG than those of both RG and CG. TGF-β-1 and Klotho Hormone levels of EMAG and RG were higher than CG. Vitamin D levels of EMAG were found higher than those of CG. Conclusion: Regular long-term endurance training has a long-term positive impact on the regeneration of muscle damage and inflammation. The high levels of Klotho hormone determined in EMAG provides a longer and healthier life by extending the initiation process of many illnesses including metabolic diseases