C-shaped mandibular primary first molar diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography: A novel case report and literature review of primary molars′ root canal systems

Knowledge of the different anatomical variations in root canal system of dedicious dentition will improve the practice of the pediatric dentists. The teeth with C-shaped root canal configurations are definitely a problem in endodontic treatment. Dentists who are specialists of endodontics must have adequate knowledge about various root canal morphologies of primary tooth that have a tendency for rapid progression of dental caries to achieve a technically satisfactory outcome. This report presents an extraordinary case of unusual tooth morphology involving the mandibular first primary molar with a C-shaped configuration which has not yet been reported

Effects of Monensin and Rapamycin Combination Therapy on Tumor Growth and Apoptosis in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma is the most common pediatric solid tumor originating from the neural crest. New treatment options are needed to improve treatment outcomes and the survival of patients with neuroblastoma. Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic with antiparasitic, antibacterial, and anticancer properties isolated from Streptomyces cinnamonensis. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of single and combined monensin and rapamycin treatments on mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway-mediated apoptosis and tumor growth in an SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell xenograft model. Control, monensin, rapamycin, and monensin + rapamycin groups were formed in the xenograft neuroblastoma model obtained from CD1 nude mice, and tumor volumes and animal weights were recorded throughout the treatment. In xenograft neuroblastoma tumor tissues, apoptosis was determined by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling) and cleaved-caspase 3 immunohistochemistry, and PI3K (phosphoinositide-3-kinase)/AKT/mTOR expression was determined by the immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods. The combination of monensin and rapamycin was to reduce the growth of xenograft neuroblastoma tumor tissues, trigger apoptosis, and suppress the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR. A significant increase in apoptotic cell rate was demonstrated in the combination group, supported by cleaved-caspase 3 immunohistochemistry results. In addition, it was reported that the combination treatment regime triggered apoptosis by reducing the expression of phosphorylated PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Our preclinical results may be a precursor to develop new therapeutic approaches to treat neuroblastoma

Observation of Success Status of Employees in E-Learning Courses in Organizations with Data Mining

The aim of this study is to analyze success in e-learning with data mining methods and find out potential patterns. In this context, 374.073 data of 2013-14 period taken from an institution serving in e-learning field in Turkey are used. Data set, which is collected from information technology, banking and pharmaceutical industries, includes success and industry of employees', trainings which they complete, whether the trainings are completed, first login and last logout dates, training completion date and duration of experience in training. Using this data set, success status of participants is observed by using data mining methods (C5.0, Random Forest and Gini). By observing using accuracy, error rate, specificity and f- score from performance evaluation criteria, C5.0 has chosen the algorithm which gives the best performance results. According to the results of the study, it has been determined that the sectors of the employees are not important, on the contrary the ones that are important are the completion status, the duration of experience and training

A novel PTCH1 gene mutation in a pediatric patient associated multiple keratocystic odontogenic tumors of the jaws and Gorlin–Goltz syndrome

Gorlin–Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant inherited disorder which comprises the triad of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), odontogenic keratocysts, and musculoskeletal malformations. Besides this triad, neurological, ophthalmic, endocrine, and genital manifestations are known to be variable. It is occasionally associated with aggressive BCC and internal malignancies. This report documents a case of GGS with a novel mutation in the PTCH1 gene in an 11-year-old child. The clinical, radiographic, histopathologic and molecular findings of this condition, and treatment are described, and a review of GGS was carried out

ANNUAL INFLUENZA VACCINATION EFFECT ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO COVID-19 INFECTION

Objectives: We aimed to study the effect of seasonal influenza (flu) vaccination on the susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Impact of antimicrobial drug restrictions on doctors' behaviors

Conclusion: This study indicated that the AR policy was supported by most of the specialists. Physicians supported this restriction policy more so than surgeons did

Impact of antimicrobial drug restrictions on doctors' behaviors

WOS: 000368558600006PubMed ID: 27511346Background/aim: Broad-spectrum antibiotics have become available for use only with the approval of infectious disease specialists (IDSs) since 2003 in Turkey. This study aimed to analyze the tendencies of doctors who are not disease specialists (non-IDSs) towards the restriction of antibiotics. Materials and methods: A questionnaire form was prepared, which included a total of 22 questions about the impact of antibiotic restriction (AR) policy, the role of IDSs in the restriction, and the perception of this change in antibiotic consumption. The questionnaire was completed by each participating physician. Results: A total of 1906 specialists from 20 cities in Turkey participated in the study. Of those who participated, 1271 (67.5%) had 5 years of occupational experience in their branch expressed that they followed the antibiotic guidelines more strictly than the JSs (P < 0.05) and 755 of physicians (88%) and 720 of surgeons (84.6%) thought that the AR policy was necessary and useful (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that the AR policy was supported by most of the specialists. Physicians supported this restriction policy more so than surgeons did