Factors Influencing the Surgical Success in Patients with Infantile Esotropia

Purpose: To determine the factors that influence the surgical success in patients with infantile esotropia and to evaluate the relationship between amount of bilateral medial rectus recession and convergence. Material and Method: We retrospectively investigated the records of 188 patients with infantile esotropia who were operated on. The surgical success rate, the factors that influence the surgical success, and the relationship between amount of bilateral medial rectus recession and convergence deficiency were evaluated. Successful outcome was defined as deviation amount lower than 10 prism diopters postoperatively. Results: The mean age of the 188 patients included in the study at presentation was 54.9±56.8 (5-276) months, and the mean surgical age was 60.7±54.8 (7-276) months. Success was provided in 70.7% of patients after the first surgery and in 86.7% of patients after repeated surgeries. It was seen that gender, surgical age, refractive error, surgical procedure and the presence of fusion before surgery did not affect surgical success. Residual esotropia was found more frequently in patients with large-angle preoperative deviation, whilst both residual esotropia and consecutive exotropia were found more frequently in patients with amblyopia. It was observed that augmented bilateral medial rectus recession did not cause an increase in postoperative convergence deficiency. Discussion: Since the presence of amblyopia affects the surgical success negatively, it must be identified and treated preoperative. Residual esotropia is more frequently seen in patients with large-angle deviation preoperative, and more than one surgery may be required to provide orthophoria. In these cases, augmented bilateral medial rectus recession is a safe and effective method that rescues the patient from repeated surgeries and may be preferred to three-or four-muscle surgeries. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2013; 43: 413-8

Eye Involvement in Möbius Syndrome and its Treatment

Möbius syndrome is a congenital disease which is characterized by horizontal ophthalmoplegia and facial paralysis. Four patients who were referred to our clinic and were diagnosed as Möbius syndrome were included in the study. Of these, two cases were followed up on a regular basis. In one of these two cases, bilateral medial rectus recession and inferior oblique tenotomy were performed. The other case underwent strabismus surgery followed by amniotic membrane transplantation. In this patient, lateral rectus muscle was determined as hypoplastic during the surgery and medial rectus muscle resection was performed. It was observed that satisfactory refractive and surgical outcomes could be achieved in patients with esotropia. It should be considered that structural muscle anomalies and/or horizontal gaze palsy may accompany this condition, therefore, cranial and orbital magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in determining these anomalies before the surgery. (Turk J Oph thal mol 2011; 41: 417-22

The effect of sleep disorders on quality of life in patients with epilepsy: A multicenter study from Turkey

Objective: We aimed to investigate sleep disorders in patients with epilepsy (PWE) and to investigate the effects of sleep disorders on quality of life. Methods: In our multicenter study conducted in Turkey, 1358 PWE were evaluated. The demographic and clinical data of the patients were recorded. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-10 (QOLIE-10) were administered. Results: The mean age of 1358 patients was 35.92 ± 14.11 (range, 18–89) years. Seven hundred fifty-one (55.30 %) were women. Some 12.7 % of the patients had insomnia (ISI > 14), 9.6 % had excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS > 10), 46.5 % had poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5), and 354 patients (26.1 %) had depressive symptoms (BDI > 16). The mean QOLIE-10 score was 22.82 ± 8.14 (10–48). Resistant epilepsy was evaluated as the parameter with the highest risk affecting quality of life Adjusted odds ratio (AOR = 3.714; 95 % confidence interval (CI): [2.440–5.652] < 0.001)). ISI (AOR = 1.184; 95 % CI: [1.128–1.243]; p < 0.001), ESS (AOR = 1.081; 95 % CI: [1.034–1.130]; p < 0.001), PSQI (AOR = 0.928; 95 % CI: [0.867 – 0.994]; p = 0.034), BDI (AOR = 1.106; 95 % CI: [1.084–1.129]; p < 0.001), epilepsy duration (AOR = 1.023; 95 % CI: [1.004–1.041]; p = 0.014), were determined as factors affecting quality of life. Significance: Sleep disorders are common in PWE and impair their quality of life. Quality of life can be improved by controlling the factors that may cause sleep disorders such as good seizure control, avoiding polypharmacy, and correcting the underlying mood disorders in patients with epilepsy