Deliberate Self Harm Behavior

Kişinin bilinçli ölme isteği olmadan doku hasarı ile sonuçlanan, kendi bedenine yönelik girişim olarak tanımlanan kasıtlı kendine zarar verme davranışı, dünya çapında önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Kasıtlı kendine zarar verme davranışının nedenleri, risk faktörleri, ruhsal bozukluklarla ilişkisi ve tedavi yaklaşımları tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Sınır kişilik bozukluğu, histrionik kişilik bozukluğu, yeme bozuklukları ve duygu durumu bozuklukları gibi psikiyatrik bozukluklarla birlikte görülmektedir. Ayrıca, kasıtlı kendine zarar verme davranışının intihar davranışından ayırt edilmesi de gerekir. Psikolojik travmanın kasıtlı kendine zarar verme davranışı için bir risk faktörü olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Travma ve travmatik olaylar uzun zamandır kasıtlı kendine zarar verme davranışı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu gözden geçirme yazısında kasıtlı kendine zarar verme davranışının nedenleri, epidemiyolojisi ve ruhsal bozukluklar arasındaki ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.The deliberate self-harm behaviour which defined as attempting to own body resulting in tisue damage without conscious desire of peolple to die, is a major public health problem worldwide. The causes of deliberate self- harm, risk factors, the relationship between mental disorders and treatment strategies are not fully known. Deliberate self- harm can be observed together with psychiatric disorders such as borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, eating disorders and mood disorders. Also, deliberate self-harm must be distinguished from suicidal behavior. Psychological trauma has been suggested as a risk factor for deliberate self- harm behavior. Trauma and traumatic events have long been associated with deliberate self- harm behavior. The aim of this review article is to investigate the etiology andepidemiology of deliberate self-harm behaviour and relationship between psychiatric disorders

Implications of childhood trauma on suicidal behavior and deliberate self-harm in patients with major depressive disorder

Background: Traumatic experiences in the first years of life have an important role in the occurrence of major depression as well as many psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma (CT), suicidal behavior and deliberate self-harm (DSH) behavior in patients who are diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Subjects and methods: 106 patients who were admitted with depressive complaints to the psychiatry outpatient clinic of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital in Turkey were included in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical harm Questionnaire (DSHI) were applied to all of the cases. Results: 86 (81.1%) of the cases were female and 20 (18.9%) were male. It was determined that 68.9% of the patients had CT, 49.1% had a history of DSH, and 52.1% had a suicide attempt history. It was determined that 75% of those with DSH behavior had a history of suicide attempt. There was a significant difference between the groups (p<0.001). When the subtypes of CT, suicide ideation, suicide attempt and DSH behavior, were compared to each other, a significant relationship was found for all of the subtypes. A significant correlation was found between the number of CT and suicide attempts and DSH (p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, high levels of CT and its subtypes were found in patients with MDD. In the presence of CT and all of its subtypes, suicide attempt and DSH were significantly higher. In the follow-up of cases diagnosed with MDD, questioning CT is important in terms of suicide attempt and prevention of DSH

The effects of childhood traumatic experiences on sexuel function in patients with major depressive disorder

Objective: Childhood traumatic experiences (CTE) have an important role in the etiology of many psychiatric disorders that occur in adulthood. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of CTE on sexual function in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Material and Methods: 112 cases who were admitted to Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic consecutively and diagnosed with MDD according to DSM IV-R diagnostic criteria were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data Form, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, childhood trauma questionnaire, Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale were applied to all cases. Results: 86 (81.1%) of the participants were female and 20 (18.9%) were male. It was determined that 68.9% of the cases had a history of CTE, 56.6% emotional abuse, 37.7% physical abuse, 34% sexual abuse, 53.8% emotional neglect, and 44.3% physical neglect. No statistically significant difference was found between the level of depression and the presence of sexual problems, between the total and all subtypes of the CTE. However, unlike those without a history of CTE, in cases with an history of CTE, sexual problems increased as the level of depression increased. Conclusion: In our study, it was concluded that there was no significant relationship between CTE, all its sub-dimensions and the presence of sexual problems. However, in our study, there was a high level of CTE in patients with MDD and it is noteworthy that in patients with CTE, the level of sexual problems increases as the level of depression increases. © 2021 by Türkiye Klinikleri. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Evaluation of cases with attempted suicide admitted to a training hospital

Amaç: Günümüzde, intihar girişimlerinin önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline geldiği kabul edilebilir. Bu çalışmada, acil servise intihar girişimi nedeni ile başvuran olguların demografik özellikleri, intihar girişim yöntemleri ve nedenlerinin belirlenmesi ve mevcut literatür bilgileri ile karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Rize Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde 1 Temmuz 2009-31Temmuz 2010 tarihleri arasındaki psikiyatri konsültasyonlarına ait konsültasyon formlarının ve veri tabanlarının geriye dönüşümlü olarak değerlendirilmesi ile gerçekleştirildi. Hastaların kimlik bilgileri, eğitim ve mesleki durumları ile şimdiki ve geçmiş psikiyatrik hastalıkları sorgulayan sosyodemografik veri formu uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: İntihar girişimi ile başvuran olgular aynı dönemde hastanede yatan tüm hastaların sadece % 0.13’nü oluşturduğu görüldü. Aynı dönemdeki genel hastane kayıtları incelendiğinde ise toplam 86 olgunun intihar girişimi nedeni ile başvurduğu ve bu olguların %46.5’i (40 olgu) için psikiyatri konsültasyonu istenmediği anlaşıldı. Toplam 40 olgunun 32’si (%80) kadın, 8’i (%20) erkekti. Yaş aralığı 14-45 olup; ortalama yaş 23.6±9.3 idi. Olguların intihar girişimi nedenleri arasında ilk sırada aile içi geçimsizlik (n:13, %32.5) bulunurken, bunu kişilerarası sorunlar (n: 15, %37.5) izlemekteydi. 23 (%57.5) olgunun öncesinde psikiyatrik hastalık öyküsü mevcuttu. Girişimlerin %82.5’i ilaç alarak yapılmıştır. Hastalardan 35’i (%87.5) daha önce intihar girişiminde bulunmamışken, 5’i (%12.5) daha önce intihar girişiminde bulunmuştu. Sonuç: Kadınlar erkeklerden daha fazla intihar girişiminde bulunmaktadırlar. Daha önceki girişimi ve aile öyküsü temel risk faktörlerindendir. Çalışmanın en çarpıcı sonucu ise önemli bir orandaki olgu için psikiyatri konsültasyonu istenmemiş olmasıdır. Psikiyatrik hastalıkların intihar girişiminin etiyolojisinde yer alması nedeniyle, intihar girişiminde bulunan olguların psikiyatrik değerlendirme ve takibe alınmalarının sağlanması hayati önem taşımaktadır.Objective: Nowadays it can be accepted that suicide attempt have become a public problem. In this assignment, it is aimed that the demographic qualities of the cases that apply for the reason of suicide attempt, the kinds and main reasons of it should be matched with the present literature knowledge. Material and Methods: This has put into action with the recycled evaluations of the consultation forms and databases belonging to the psychiatry consultations that were done between the dates of July 2009 and July 2010 in Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize Training and Research Hospital. Sociodemographic data form including credentials, educational and occupational status, and previous psychiatric disorders were applied to all participants. Results: It is seemed that the cases applying for suicide attempts are just 0.13% of all the patients who are in the hospital in the same term. Also, when the general hospital records in the same term are analyzed, it is argued that totally 86 cases have applied for suicide attempts and for 46.5% (40 cases) of those cases psychiatric consultations are not requested. A total of 40 patients received to study there were 32 (80%) women and 8 (%20) men. While the groups age range, 14-45 years, mean age ranged from 23.6±9.3 years. The most frequent cause of the suicide attempt was marital discord (n:13,32.5%) followed by the interpersonal problems (n: 15, %37.5). 23 (57.5%) of cases had prior psychiatric disorder history. 82.5 % of attempts were done by taking drugs. While 35(87.5%) of the patients have not previously attempted suicide, 5 (12.5%) of patients previously attempted suicide. Conclusion: There are more suicide attempts in women than men. Previous suicide attempt and having family history of suicide are detected as basic risk factors. The most striking result of this work is that psychiatric consultations are not demanded for the cases in highly big amounts. Careful and close follow-up of patients with psychiatric disorders and assurance of subsequent psychiatric examination-follow up of the cases who attempted suicide are of vital importance since psychiatric disorders are among the etiology of suicidal attempts