Regional convergence in Turkey: the role of government in economic environment augmenting activities

Regional disparities are important concerns for the researchers as well as the policy makers in both developed and developing countries. The government, as a leading actor in regional policies, can create externalities through investments not only in the real sectors, but also in infrastructure and institutions. Investments in education, health and transportation enhance the quality of life and business environment, and trigger the development in those regions. The paper defines this type of government role in a particular region as “economic environment augmenting activities of the government”. The paper focuses on two types of initiatives of the government: regional universities and the existence of an airport. The main findings show that spending impact suppresses knowledge impact in the low income provinces. And, there is a threshold for the regional income level: The demand effect of government initiatives as state university and providing air transport has greater impact in low-income provinces, particularly before 2000.Regional convergence; role of government; effects of universities; panel-data modeling; Turkey

Gender equality in Turkish higher education

The moulds of masculinity and femininity determined by society are not only determinants of the way in which individuals behave in society, but also determinants of the production and distribution of the resources. The steady development of societies can be achieved when men and women have the equal power with equal opportunities and resources to shape their own lives and to contribute to their families, societies and countries. The internationally recognized indicators of aforesaid gender mainstreaming are the areas of Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, and Political Empowerment. In Turkey, even though the legal basis of equality of women and men in these areas have been strengthened through legislative regulations enforced, the need to overcome the obstacles women face when participating to social life as complete and equal individuals and taking all precautions for this is still ongoing. In this study, gender equality in the Turkish higher education system was examined. For this purpose, the schooling rates in higher education, employment rates and participation rates in decision making mechanisms in management of women were examined in the light of gender equality indicators. In this study, which was conducted by document reviewing among qualitative research methods, official websites and documents of international organizations and Turkish official institutions were examined in order to access reliable documents related to Turkish Higher Education and gender equality variables. The survey concluded that while the schooling rates in the Turkish higher education and employment rates of women are high, the proportion of female academicians decreased as the academic degrees increased and that the horizontal disintegration patterns between the scientific areas are more visible on the basis of sub-branches. Furthermore, it has been found out that women are not adequately represented in decision-making mechanisms, even though they provide the necessary conditions. © 2018, Sciedu Press. All rights reserved

Elementary 1st grade teachers' views on the practices in the 12-week adaptation and preparation process

A functional preparation process that can be conducted before basal reading and writing practices in the 1st grade can be effective for children to start reading and writing successfully. This study aims to examine teachers' views on the practices in the 12-week adaptation and preparation process of 1st graders. Qualitative research method was used in the study. Holistic single case study design was employed in the study that was conducted in the spring term of 2012-2013 academic year. The participants were 1st grade teachers (n=66) and the data were gathered through an open-ended question survey. The data were analysed using the content analysis technique. A majority of the teachers participated in the study followed the 12-week adaptation and preparation process in their classes. The teachers thought that it was not suitable to teach two different age groups in the same class, and the remaining time after 12 weeks was not enough for teaching and reinforcing basal reading and writing

The Emerging Importance of Social Visibility in Defining a Particular Social Group and Its Potential Impact on Asylum Claims Related to Sexual Orientation and Gender

An emerging issue in U.S. asylum claims based on membership in a particular social group is the relevance of social visibility in determining whether such a group exists. Of the five protected grounds for asylum, membership in a particular social group has always generated the most debate. In 2002, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) issued guidelines that present the protected characteristic and social perception approaches as alternative ways of establishing a particular social group, instructing States Parties to the 1951 Refugee Convention (the Convention ) to determine first if there is a protected characteristic and, only if no such characteristic exists, to determine whether the group is recognized by society. The author argues that adjudicators should reject the social visibility approach because it destroys Acosta\u27s principled framework, represents an abdication of U.S. obligations under the 1967 Protocol, cannot be applied in a consistent way, and ignores the complex relationship between visibility and power

IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER PADA TANAMAN RUMPUT KEBAR (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch)

Grass crop kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch), included in family Oxalidaceae. This crop as according to it’s the name, of course grows either in region Kebar Tengah and Kebar Timur, glorious Manokwari Irian. Grass Kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch) many applied as drug \ud crop between it for uterine fertility, stomachache drug, back ache drug, laxative and tumor drug. \ud This research aim to know secodary metabolit types which implied in grass plant kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch). Research type applied is qualitative research having the character of descriptive. Material applied in this research is all part of crop Biophytum \ud petersianum Klotzsch which dry. In determination of secodary metabolit content type which implied in crop Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch applies method spot test while determination of secodary metabolit content type standing in reproduction at crop grass kebar (Biophytum \ud petersianum Klotzsch) applied method KLT (Thin layer chromatography) \ud Based on result of inferential research that in crop grass kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch), contains type secodary metabolit type Flavonoid, Fenolik and alkaloid,dan generation compound isoflavon that is daidzein