The Discovery of Mercury-resistant Bacteria Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated From Sario River Estuary That Can Be Used to Detoxify Inorganik Mercury Wastes

Mercury is well known for its high toxicity and strong affinity toward the thiol group of proteins. Mercury-resistant bacteria can be used for detoxify mercury wastes due to the ability of these bacteria to reduce toxic inorganic mercury into mercury metal which is volatile and less toxic. The aim of this study was the selection of bacterial strains resistant to inorganic mercury, as well as to show their capacity to reduce mercury in pure culture media Nutrient Broth. Six strains bacteria was isolated and one of them, A1.1.1. isolate was selected for its capacity to reduce mercury HgCl2 in culture media nutrient broth. The one bacterial strains belong to the spesies Klebsiella pneumoniae. Inoculated in pure culture, these strain showed a mercury reduction of 75% in 1 hour, 92% in 12 hours, and 99,4% in 24 hours. Therefore, this bacterium could be useful in detoxification of inorganic mercury wastes

Daya Reduksi Merkuri Isolat Bakteri Yang Diisolasi Dari Urine Pasien Di Puskesmas Bahu Manado

The aim of this research was to analyze mercury reduction power from patient urine with teeth amalgam which used for mercury detoxification. The research was descriptive which isolate 5 samples of patient urine from Bahu PUSKESMAS. Bacteria were grow in a media wich consist of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 ppm of HgCl2. Bacteria which grow in the highest concentration of mercury were identified and tested it reduction power against HgCl2. The result shows that there were 3 isolates which bacteria can grow with HgCl2 60 ppm namely Isolate U1.3, U3.1, and U3.3. Identification result found that isolate U1.3 and U3.1 were positive gram bacteria, rod, and motil, although U3.3 was negative gram bacteria, rod and not motil. Result of mercury reduction shows that in 24 hours, the three isolates reduce 100% mercury in nutrient broth, it concluded that isolates were highly resistant mecury bacteria. It can be used to detoxify mercury

Analisis Mutasi Gen Protein X Virus Hbv Pada Penderita Hepatitis B Akut Di Manado

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan hepatitis B kronis menjadi kanker hati antara lain mutasi pada gen x. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gen protein x virus HBV dan menganalisis apakah terjadi mutasi gen yang terkait dengan munculnya tumor ganas sirosis hati (HCC). Penelitian ini menggunakan primer untuk proses nested PCR yang telah dirancang sebelumnya. Proses nested PCR terhadap 10 sampel DNA HBV pasien dilakukan untuk mengamplifikasi fragmen DNA gen x dilanjutkan dengan sekuensing untuk penentuan urutan nukleotida gen x. Urutan nukleotida gen x diterjemahkan menjadi urutan asam amino protein x. Terhadap hasil penentuan urutan asam amino protein x, dianalisis apakah terdapat keberadaan mutasi dikaitkan dengan hepatitis B akut. Identifikasi molekuler menunjukkan bahwa dari 10 sampel DNA HBV pasien yang uji, 5 sampel yang berhasil ditentukan urutan nukleotida gen xnya. Hasil analisis mutasi gen, ditemukan adanya mutasi gen protein x, tapi tidak ada satupun ditemukan adanya mutasi yang terkait dengan HCC

Analisis Kandungan Akrilamida Dalam Pisang Goreng Yang Beredar Di Kota Manado Menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT)

Acrylamide can be formed as a consequence of heating athigh temperature (more than1200C) in food contains high of carbohydrate. Acrylamide was classified as carcinogeniccompound to human being. Junk food which mostly eaten by people is fries. The objectiveof this research is to identify acrylamide in banana fries marketed in Manado city usingHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Samples were taken from 12 places,by 6 sub district Manado City. Acrylamide were analyzed by HPLC using Shim-Pack VPODS(4,6 x 250 nm) column, comparison of mobile phase acetonitrile and phospate acid11,45 mM (5:95), flow rate 1 ml/minuteand at wave lenght 210 nm. The result shows thatAcrylamide contains in banana fries with retention time ±4,284 minutes. Acrylamidecontained in banana fries which marketed in Manado City were 39,65 – 1789,52 μg/kg.Acrylamide level in banana fries is at under lethal dose (LD50

Uji Resistensi Bakteri Escherichia Coli Yang Diisolasi Dari Plak Gigi Terhadap Merkuri Dan Antibiotik Kloramfenikol

: Mercury is a liquid element at room temperature. Some main effects of mercury are dysfunctional of brain, kidneys and lungs, tremor, anxiety or nervous, insomnia, fetal growth restriction, and liver damage in pregnancy. Dental plaque is a soft material that attach on tooth\u27s surface, dental filling, or calculus. Antibiotic is a chemical substance that has the ability to inhibit the growth and kill microorganisms. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that useful for treatment of a number of bacterial infections and anaerobic bacteria. The research using descriptive method. Subject of the research was mercury resistence Escherichia coliwhich isolated from dental plaque with dental filling and grew at broth Luria Bertani (LB) and solid LB. The result of observation on bacteria after incubated at 370C for 24 hours showed that at HgCl2, with available dilution, found bacteria at dental plaque with higher amounts of growth at 10ρρm concentration, intermediate amount of growth at 20ρρm concentration, and less amount of growth at 40ρρm concentration. As the result of observation on Escherichia coli after 24 hours of incubation, researcher found that the inhibition zone diameter of Eschericia coli for 30μg chloramphenicol was 20mm (>12mm) during first, second, and third treatment and included in sensitive category. Conclusion: As the result of this research, the inhibition zone diameter of Eschericia coli for 30μg chloramphenicol was 20mm (>12mm) during first, second, and third treatments and included in sensitive category

Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma Longa) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus Dan Pseudomonas SP.

: Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a plant that is known to have medicinal properties, especially the rhizome. The active compound that contained in the rhizomes are able to work as an antibacterial. This study aimed to measure the inhibitory of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) extract against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp. This was an experimental laboratory study. The polar extract of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) was tested by well method with concentration of 40%, 20%, 10%, and 5%. The result showed that the polar extract of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) with a concentration of 40%, 20%, 10%, 5% can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with the average of each is 15,0 mm, 14,5 mm, 13,5 mm and 11,0 mm while Pseudomonas sp with a mean diameter of each is 13,1 mm, 11,1 mm, 9,3 mm and 8,8 mm. Conclusion: The polar extract of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) has an inhibitory effect against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Paku Sisik Naga (Drymoglossum Piloselloides L.presl) Terhadap Peroksidasi Lipid Hati Pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar Yang Diinduksi Ccl4

The aims of this research was to determine the effect of ethanol extract paku sisik nagaleaves against lipid peroxidation in male wistar liver induced by CCl4. Method of thisresearch used laboratory experiment using 9 white male wistar were divided into 3 treatmentgroups. All groups were given treatment during ten days. The first group (negative control)was given distilled water ad libitum, the second group was given ethanol extract of paku sisiknaga leaves 97.02 mg/kg body weight per oral and the third group (positive control) wasgiven Curcuma 45 mg/kg body weight per oral. On the tenth day, after two hours oftreatment all groups were given CCl4 1mL/kg body weight intraperitonial, eighteen hoursafter that rats in all groups were dissected and taken his liver. Then rat liver analyzed byTBARS method (Thiobarbiturate Acid Reactive Subtance) to measure the levels of MDA(Malondialdehyde) which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation in the rat liver. Data wereanalyzed by SPSS ver.20, significant difference between treatments was tested by one-wayANOVA. The results showed a significant difference with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05)with a mean value of MDA 3,828 μM negative control group, group of ethanol extract ofpaku sisik naga leaf was 2,666 μM and 2,211 μM for positive control group. Ethanol extractof paku sisik naga leaves with dose 97.02 mg/kg body weight can prevent the process of lipidperoxidation in rat liver

Uji Resistensi Bakteri Escherichia Coli Yang Diisolasi Dari Plak Gigi Terhadap Merkuri Danantibiotik Siprofloksasin

: Mercury-resistant bacteria can be found in the oral cavity, especially in dental plaques which are exposed to mercury in amalgam. Albeit, not all mercury resistant bacteria must be resistant to antibiotics. This study aimed to determine the level of the resistance of Escherichia coli in mercury and to determine whether the mercury-resistant bacteria have become resistant to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. This study used a descriptive exploratory method with samples of Escherichia coli bacteria, mercury, and antibiotics that were available in the Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Sam Ratulangi Manado. The bacterium E. coli were grown in four concentrations of mercury. The results showed that E. coli was resistant to mercury. However, in three repetitions of antibiotic it was found that E. coli was still sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Based on the results, it is advisable to do a similar study in groups using the same antibiotic but with different treatments