Sıddık Korkmaz, Türklerin İslâm Düşüncelerine Katkıları Mâtürîdî, Yesevî ve Türk Dünyası Üzerine Çalışmalar

İstanbul: İz Yayıncılık, 1. Baskı, 2021. 240 sayfa. ISBN: 9786053265542.Türkler, İslamiyet’le tanışmalarıyla birlikte büyük oranda eski dini inanışlarından sıyrılarak İslam dinini içselleştirerek, siyaset, ilim ve kültür sahalarında çok önemli katkılar sunmuşlardır. Siyasi açıdan özellikle Selçuklu ve Osmanlı devletleriyle birlikte İslam dünyasının sınırlarını genişletirken bu durum kültürel ve ilmi bir zenginliği de beraberinde getirmiştir. Türkistan coğrafyasındaki ilmi derinliği ve üretkenliği yüksek bazı âlimler ise bu süreçte lokomotif görevi görmüştür. Bu durumun en bariz örneği Ebû Hanîfe ve düşüncesinin sistemleştiricisi olan İmam Mâtürîdî’dir. Bununla birlikte Ahmet Yesevî, Bîrûnî, Mûsâ Cârullah gibi isimler Türk coğrafyalarında yetişmiş, muhtelif alanlarda ihtisas sahibi âlimlerden sadece birkaç tanesidir

Evaluation of management of postpneumonic empyema thoracis in children

Background Empyema is a well-known sequelae of pneumonia, which is increasingly being reported in children despite strict management. The appropriate management remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate different management options of postpneumonic empyema in children.Materials and methods A total of 330 patients were reviewed between 2002 and 2012; their ages ranged from 1.25 to 15 years, with a median age of 4.3 years. The various management procedures included thoracentesis (n= 11), chest tube drainage (n= 229), chest tube drainage with intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (n =117), video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) (n =35), and thoracotomy because of a trapped lung noted on admissions and failed procedures (n =94).Results Variable success rates were noted as follows: tube thoracotomy (48.24%), fibrinolytic treatment (68.37%), and VATS (85.71%). Postoperative complications (11.14%) included wound infection (n = 10), atelectasis (n= 18), delayed expansion (n= 7), and need for reoperation (n= 2). Four patients died (1.21%), two of them  following thoracotomy, one patient after fibrinolysis, and one patient following VATS. Patients treated with thoracotomy recovered completely.Conclusion New therapeutic modalities had variable success rates in children with postpneumonic empyema. Thoracotomy is still needed as a last resort for cases unresponsive to chemical fibrinolysis and following failed thoracoscopy.Keywords: decortication, empyema, fibrinolysis, thoracotom

Keystones of Performing a Proper Tax Policy Design for Tax Compliance: Does Perception of Tax Compliance Develop in Persons Who Are Not Tax Payers Yet?

Tax compliance takes place in the scope of the efficiency of the tax implementation. Tax income operations are heavily dependent on tax compliance, while the fairness of the allocation of tax burden affects the tax payers’ compliance. The situation has been studied here by dealing with university students in regard to whether or not a perception of tax compliance develops in highly educated people who are not tax payers yet and to what degree. The findings of the study briefly states that students agree that paying taxes completes the concept of being a good citizen, perceive the sensitivity submitting declarations on time and showing care in paying tax debts, and have negative perceptions on the tax administration being transparent, correct, and trustable. So for, an achievement of a proper tax policy design should be primarily considered as the perception of tax compliance of the people, who being the tax payers of any country

Testicular Arteriovenous Malformation: Gray-Scale and Color Doppler Ultrasonography Features

Intratesticular arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are extremely rare benign incidental lesions of the testis. Ultrasonography (US) generally reveals a hypoechoic solid mass within the testicular parenchyma. We describe a patient with intratesticular AVM which was found incidentally during workup for infertility. The gray-scale and Doppler US appearance of an intratesticular AVM and the differential diagnosis have been presented. Based on the gray-scale, US appearance differentiation from malignant testicular tumors is difficult. Doppler US examination aids in the diagnosis by demonstrating the vascular nature of the tumor

Solution methods of instrumentation related complications in endodontic treatment

Background: Endodontics is a skill that requires the use of precision instruments in tight spaces and is a complex discipline often underestimated by clinicians and patients. Inevitably, this will lead to complications. Complications encountered during endodontic treatment occur during diagnosis, anesthesia, cleaning, and shaping of the root canals and filling the root canals. Complications can occur at any stage of treatment. The various procedures associated with root canal treatment can be divided into three treatment phases: Pre-operative, operative, and post-operative. Since endodontic complications may occur at any of the pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative stages, complications that may develop are also classified in the same way. Aim: In this review, operative complications including instrument fracture, ledge formation, canal obstruction, apical transportation, and strip perforation that may occur during canal preparation in endodontic treatment are discussed. Conclusion: Technological developments in endodontics have revealed methods and instruments enable successful treatment of calcified root canals, severe canal curvatures, ledges, resorption defects, perforations, and broken canal instruments without complications. Clinical Significance: Therefore, the physician should always be ready to manage complications. The task of the physician is to know how to avoid potential complications and how to manage complications that may arise during treatment

Sex hormone binding globulin gene polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal Turkish women

Background: Insulin resistance is associated with obesity, glucose intolerance or diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Constellation of these risk factors iscalled metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is common among postmenopausal women. Low sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels associate with an increased risk of MetS in postmenopausal women. Variations in SHBG gene associate with low levels of circulating SHBG levels. We aim to study the association between SHBG gene polymorphisms — rs1799941 (A/G) and rs6257 (T/C) — with MetS among postmenopausal women.Methods: The study population consisted of 182 postmenopausal women with MetS and119 control subjects. We analyzed the allele frequencies of SHBG gene polymorphisms in relationto the risk components of MetS.Results: MetS patients displayed significantly lower SHBG levels compared to the lean controlsubjects (p = 0.036). rs1799941 A allele was associated with high SHBG levels (p = 0.031), low blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference. The number of ‘high risk’ alleles (G allele of the rs1799941 and T allele of rs6257) correlated positively with waist circumference (r = 0.203, p = 0.006) and negatively with SHBG levels (r = –0.291, p = 0.024).Conclusions: SHBG gene polymorphisms associate with SHBG levels and MetS risk components among postmenopausal women. Hence, A allele (rs1799941) may have a protectiveeffect for MetS through its association with high SHBG levels among postmenopausal women

Cesarean Scar Pregnancies and Reproductive Outcomes: A Single Center Experience

MakaleWOS:000947547600006Objective: The rising rate of cesarean delivery increases the occurrence of cesarean scar pregnancies (CSP). Early diagnosis and treatment of CSP have become the subject of considerable interest in recent years because of the risk of life-threatening uterine bleeding and rupture. The aim of this study was to share the results of ultrasonography (USG)-guided dilation and curettage (D&C) and hysterotomy in treating early CSP and the long-term reproductive results in these cases. Material and Methods: Patients diagnosed with CSP admitted to the perinatology clinic between January 2016 and April 2020 were included in this study. USG-guided D&C was recommended for all patients diagnosed with CSP in the first trimester (<= 12 gestational weeks). Hysterotomy was recommended for patients who could not undergo D&C. All patients' demographic data and procedure results were retrieved retrospectively from electronic records, and reproductive anamneses after the procedure were obtained from patient files and telephone calls. Results: Sixty-three patients who underwent USG-guided D&C and hysterotomy were included in the study. While D&C was successful in 93.65% ( n=59) of these patients, 6.35% (n=4) underwent hysterotomy. In the USG-guided D&C group, the infertility rate was 15.78% (n=6), the rate of the recurrent scars was 9.3% (n=3), and the rate of placenta accreta spectrum was 6.25% (n=2). The term healthy pregnancy rate was 64%. Conclusion: In experienced hands, USG-guided D& C can be considered the first choice in early scar pregnancies. We believe that similar reproductive results would be obtained when D&C and other treatment modalities were compared in CSP treatment

Attitudes and practices against COVID-19 vaccines in Turkiye

OBJECTIVE: Vaccination is the primary way to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy and refusal are one of the most important challenges against to reach herd immunity. The aim of this study is to examine the reasons for not get-ting vaccinated and the attitudes toward vaccines by people in Turkiye, who were not vaccinated, even though a COVID-19 vaccine was available for them.METHODS: This cross-sectional study is conducted in Eyupsultan district of Istanbul. The study population is 12,540. A questionnaire consisted of three sections as sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines, and Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale was used. Among the sample size, participation rate is 69.4%.RESULTS: About 50.2% of the participants (n=259) are male, 80.3% are married, 13.1% are university graduates, and 44.0% are working in a job. About 32.8% of the participants have COVID-19 history. About 34.4% of the participants stat-ed that they would be vaccinated against COVID-19. Although those who define themselves as vaccine refuser are 5.4%, those who still refuse to be vaccinated for COVID-19 are 20.1%. In addition to this, those who are hesitant about COVID-19 vaccines are 45.6%. The most frequently preferred vaccine is comirnaty (41.7%). About 13.1% of the participants stated that "if we had a domestic COVID-19 vaccine, I would have it." The most common sources of information about vaccines are television with 78.4%, and health workers are in the last place with 14.7%. "Concerns about side effects" are the most frequently cited (85.9%) reason for not vaccinating. The mean score of the VAX scale is 42.34 +/- 10.93, and the "mistrust of vaccine benefit" is higher among primary school graduates than other educational status groups (p=0.001).CONCLUSION: Anti-vaccination attitudes have increased with the COVID-19 vaccines during pandemic. Our study is valu-able in terms of examining the reasons of individuals who have not gotten vaccinated even though they had no access prob-lems. Prominent concerns of the population should be approached seriously. Otherwise, vaccine hesitancy can be a decisive factor that would prevent the success of the struggle against pandemic

The effects of carotid artery stenting on short-term clinical outcomes and evaluation of restenosis

Objectives: Data on restenosis and long-term outcomes of carotid stenting are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate cardiovascular effects of carotid stenting on clinical outcome and restenosis in patients with symptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis.Materials and methods: Twenty patients (mean age: 68±7 years, 11 male) who have been decided to perform stenting in joint Committee of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Surgery and Neurology Clinics were included.Patients were evaluated both clinically and Doppler ultrasonographically for frequency of cardiovascular events and restenosis. Restenosis is defined as the reapperance of stenosis with a diameter reduction of ≥%50 with peak systolic velocity higher than 224 cm/s.Results: Comorbidities in patients were; coronary artery disease in 14, peripheral artery disease in three, and both chronic renal failure and congestive heart failure in two. Stent diameters were ranged from 6 to 8 mm, and stent lengths were 30 and 40 mm. During the procedure 5 patients had predilatation and 19 had postdilatation. None of the patients had >%30 resudial stenosis after the procedure. All procedures were technically successful. After the procedure only one transient ischemic attack was seen. There were no restenosis, myocardial infarction, death or stroke at 30th day end of the first year of follow up. Diabetes and heart failure were found as predictors for restenosis.Conclusion: In highly selected cases, carotid artery stenting is an effective and safe method in the short term. Restenosis did not seem to be a restricting problem for the success of carotid artery stentin