Association between mental flexibility and somatic symptom disorder mediated by smartphone addiction among university students

Background: Smartphone addiction is categorized as a behavioral addiction that in adolescents and youths can affect many aspects of life, including education and physical health, and is accompanied by such problems as reduced interpersonal problems, anger, aggression, and emotion. This study designed to assess the association between mental flexibility and somatoform mediated by smartphone addiction among university students in 2020. Methods: The study was a descriptive correlation performed employing path analysis. The study population included all students of the Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz in the academic year 2020-2021, 251 students were selected using simple random sampling. In the present research, we utilized the Somatic Symptoms Experiences Questionnaire (SSEQ), Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI). The proposed model was assessed using path analysis with AMOS version 23.0 software. Results: There was a negative and significant association between mental flexibility and smartphone addiction (β=-0.47, P=0.001). Moreover, there was a positive association between smartphone addiction and somatoform (β=0.41, P=0.001). There was no significant association between mental flexibility and somatoform (β=-0.10, P=0.07). The path analysis results showed the mediating role of smartphone addiction in the association between mental flexibility and somatoform in university students (β=-0.27, P=0.001). Conclusion: Our model had a good fit, and, as a result, it could be helpful as an important step in identifying the aspects affecting the somatic symptom disorder of university students with smartphone addiction

Psychological flexibility mediate the effect of early maladaptive schemas on Psychopathology

Introduction: The present research aims to study the mediation role of psychological inflexibility on the relationship between the schemas domains) and anxiety symptoms. Methods: In order to achieve the study objectives, a sample of 230 students has been selected, applying availability sampling. The applying tools included the short-form of Young questionnaire (YSQ-SF), the acceptance and action questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: Correlation analysis has shown that there is a relationship between the early maladaptive schemas and anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, the path analysis shows a mediation role of psychological inflexibility between disconnection/rejection (2.37, p<0.01) impaired autonomy and performance (3.19, p<0.01), overvigilance/inhibition (2.90, p<0.01) and the anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: The most obvious finding to emerge from this study was that considering some techniques for decreasing psychological inflexibility enhances the outcome of schema therapy. This research managed to answer how the early maladaptive schemas have their effects on the anxiety symptoms in a students' sample. Further work needs to be done to study the relationship between the early maladaptive schemas and psychological inflexibility in the clinical samples. Declaration of Interest: None

Poor mental health status and aggression are associated with poor driving behavior among male traffic offenders

In Iran, traffic accidents and deaths from traffic accidents are among the highest in the world, and generally driver behavior rather than either technical failures or environmental conditions are responsible for traffic accidents. In the present study, we explored the extent to which aggressive traits, health status, and sociodemographic variables explain driving behavior among Iranian male traffic offenders.; A total of 443 male driving offenders (mean age: M =31.40 years, standard deviation =9.56) from Kermanshah (Iran) took part in the study. Participants completed a questionnaire booklet covering sociodemographic variables, traits of aggression, health status, and driving behavior.; Poor health status, such as symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and social dysfunction, and also higher levels of trait aggression explained poor driving behavior. Multiple regressions indicated that poor health status, but not aggression, independently predicted poor driving behavior.; Results suggest that health status concerns are associated with poor driving behavior. Prevention and intervention might therefore focus on drivers reporting poor mental health status

Mental health status, aggression, and poor driving distinguish traffic offenders from non-offenders but health status predicts driving behavior in both groups

In Iran, traffic accidents and deaths from traffic accidents are among the highest in the world, and generally, driver behavior rather than technical failures or environmental conditions are responsible for traffic accidents. In a previous study, we showed that among young Iranian male traffic offenders, poor mental health status, along with aggression, predicted poor driving behavior. The aims of the present study were twofold, to determine whether this pattern could be replicated among non-traffic offenders, and to compare the mental health status, aggression, and driving behavior of male traffic offenders and non-offenders.; A total of 850 male drivers (mean age =34.25 years, standard deviation =10.44) from Kermanshah (Iran) took part in the study. Of these, 443 were offenders (52.1%) and 407 (47.9%) were non-offenders with lowest driving penalty scores applying for attaining an international driving license. Participants completed a questionnaire booklet covering socio-demographic variables, traits of aggression, health status, and driving behavior.; Compared to non-offenders, offenders reported higher aggression, poorer mental health status, and worse driving behavior. Among non-offenders, multiple regression indicated that poor health status, but not aggression, independently predicted poor driving behavior.; Compared to non-offenders, offenders reported higher aggression, poorer health status and driving behavior. Further, the predictive power of poorer mental health status, but not aggression, for driving behavior was replicated for male non-offenders

Mental health status, aggression, and poor driving distinguish traffic offenders from non-offenders but health status predicts driving behavior in both groups

BACKGROUND: In Iran, traffic accidents and deaths from traffic accidents are among the highest in the world, and generally, driver behavior rather than technical failures or environmental conditions are responsible for traffic accidents. In a previous study, we showed that among young Iranian male traffic offenders, poor mental health status, along with aggression, predicted poor driving behavior. The aims of the present study were twofold, to determine whether this pattern could be replicated among non-traffic offenders, and to compare the mental health status, aggression, and driving behavior of male traffic offenders and non-offenders. METHODS: A total of 850 male drivers (mean age =34.25 years, standard deviation =10.44) from Kermanshah (Iran) took part in the study. Of these, 443 were offenders (52.1%) and 407 (47.9%) were non-offenders with lowest driving penalty scores applying for attaining an international driving license. Participants completed a questionnaire booklet covering socio-demographic variables, traits of aggression, health status, and driving behavior. RESULTS: Compared to non-offenders, offenders reported higher aggression, poorer mental health status, and worse driving behavior. Among non-offenders, multiple regression indicated that poor health status, but not aggression, independently predicted poor driving behavior. CONCLUSION: Compared to non-offenders, offenders reported higher aggression, poorer health status and driving behavior. Further, the predictive power of poorer mental health status, but not aggression, for driving behavior was replicated for male non-offenders

Comparing the effectiveness of narrative-based consulting and solutions based on the behavioral disorder third grade middle school students saqez city.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy narrative-based and solution consulting based as a group in reducing behavioral disorders saqez city''s middle school female students. Methods: This study is an experiment that was conducted in 1393. In this study, using experimental design, 45 patients in the two groups and one control were playing. Two groups at 9 weeks of solutions - based accounts were based for a month and a half. 76 question questionnaire was used. Collection Data use the Woodworth test that was conduct disorder. To illustrate the difference between the groups, Data SPSS16 using inferential statistical tests were analyzed. Results: The results showed that treatment solutions based to the narrative better based performance. Conclusion: This model can be used as an approach by counselors in schools and receive little used facilities and prove the disorder

Comparison of the Relationship between Personality Traits and Social Desirability in Students with Honest and Faking Responses

Concerns have been made about the personality characterize indices after the appearance of personality tests. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to compare the relationship between personality traits and social desirability in students with honest and faking responses. The present study was a causal-comparative study in which 235 students completed the research questionnaire. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: honest and faking. To collect the data in this study, NEO's personality questionnaire (1992) and social desirability scale by Crown and Marlow (1960) were used. The findings showed that there is a relationship between personality dimensions and social desirability, and this relationship is not meaningful between the two groups. Therefore, we can say that we must propose methods for controlling the probabilistic effect of social desirability in studies with a five-factor personality model

The effectiveness of the educational package based on mind mapping multimedia software, on the cognitive skills of science lesson of female students of eighth grade.

The purpose of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of the educational package based on mind mapping multimedia software, on the cognitive skills of science lesson of female students of eighth grade. The methodology of research was experimental, with pretest-posttest and control. The population of the study was 8th grade girl students of Kerman schools selected by multistage cluster sampling and randomly divided into two groups (20 people in experimental group and 20 people in control group). In pre-test and post-test, all subjects were evaluated by using a researcher-made test of cognitive skills in the science course, including 60 multiple-choice questions and 10 essay questions. The experimental group received the educational program in 10 sessions. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results of this study show that the students have been trained by educational package based on mind mapping multimedia software, obtained the higher score in total cognitive skills as well as all level of cognitive skills specially in skills such as remember, understand, apply and analysis. Also, according to the results of this study, it is suggested that the mind maps are used as a tool to activate students' previous learning and connecting the concepts of the courses, in order to understand more about education and teaching materials