Logamediate inflation in DGP cosmology driven by a non-canonical scalar field

The main properties of the logamediate inflation driven by a non-canonical scalar field in the framework of DGP braneworld gravity are investigated. Considering high energy conditions we calculate the slow-roll parameters, analytically. Then, we deal with the perturbation theory and calculate the most important respective parameters such as the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. We find that the spectrum of scalar fluctuations is always red-tilted. Also, we understand that the running in the scalar spectral index is nearly zero. Finally, we compare this inflationary scenario with the latest observational results from Planck 2018

Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Elderly People

The number of elderlies in the world is increasing and healthy aging has become a salient issue. A health threatening factor quite prevalent among the elderlies is dysphagia. Dysphagia causes severe complications and may have negative effects on the functional ability of patients; therefore, it is known as a geriatric syndrome. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a difficulty or an inability of forming the bolus in the mouth and safely moving it from the mouth to the esophagus. It is also interrelated to other health problems such as malnutrition and oral health. Dysphagia, malnutrition and oral health disorders are likely to cause life-threatening aspiration pneumonia in patients. As a geriatric syndrome, dysphagia should be diagnosed and managed by a multidisciplinary team of professionals. Beside health care professionals, other groups such as policymakers, researchers and scientists, industries, health funders, and the society can have their own unique role to improve the quality of care for the elderlies suffering from dysphagia

Reduced physical activity level and cardiorespiratory fitness in children with chronic diseases

We aimed to compare physical activity level and cardiorespiratory fitness in children with different chronic diseases, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), obesity (OB) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), with healthy controls (HC). We performed a cross-sectional study including 209 children: OB: n = 45, T1DM: n = 48, JIA: n = 31, and HC: n = 85. Physical activity level was assessed by accelerometer and cardiorespiratory fitness by a treadmill test. ANOVA, linear regressions and Pearson correlations were used. Children with chronic diseases had reduced total daily physical activity counts (T1DM 497 ± 54cpm, p = 0.003; JIA 518 ± 28, p < 0.001, OB 590 ± 25, p = 0.003) and cardiorespiratory fitness (JIA 39.3 ± 1.7, p = 0.001, OB 41.7 ± 1.2, p = 0.020) compared to HC (668 ± 35cpm; 45.3 ± 0.9mlkg−1 min−1, respectively). Only 60.4% of HC, 51.6% of OB, 38.1% of JIA and 38.5% of T1DM children met the recommended daily 60min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Low cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with female gender and low daily PA. Conclusion: Children with chronic diseases had reduced physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. As the benefits of PA on health have been well demonstrated during growth, it should be encouraged in those children to prevent a reduction of cardiorespiratory fitness and the development of comorbiditie