Study of aortic valve using multi slice computed tomography in patients presenting with chest pain

Objective: To determine aortic root dimensions in younger patients presenting with chest pain. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study Study Setting: CT Angiography Department of Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology & National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi. Duration of study:6 months (from 12th September 2018 to 11th March 2019) Methods: MSCT angiography was performed over all the patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria after written informed consent .MSCT acquisition was performed in a single breath-hold of about 5–10 seconds, ECG gated synchronized data acquisition with 60-100ml contrast was done.Multiphase data sets were reconstructed followed by data analysis. Required measurements were recorded with software caliper and tracer. All data were analyzed in SPSS 23. Results: Recruited in the study were a total of 330 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Mean age (years) was45.5±7.9 and there were 236 (71.5%) male and 94 (28.5%) female patients in the study. Bicuspid aortic valve was found in 0.9%(n=3) of population whereas 99.1%(n=320) were tricuspid. The mean aortic valve area was 4.01±0.70cm2, mean aortic annular size was 21.9±2.37mm,Sinotubular junction diameter on average was found to 23.9±3.45mm, and mean sinotubular junction height was 21.09±2.77mm.The diameter at sinuses of Valsalva was found to be 33.0±3.99mm. Conclusion: The mean aortic root dimensions and general morphology of aortic valve was determined in our population to establish normal reference values, which will later help in therapeutic strategies in patients suffering from aortic valve disease. MSCT was utilized in the assessment of these parameters, also proves Continuous..

Safety of Thrombolytic therapy at emergency department vs coronary care unit: A comparative study of 100 patients at tertiary Cardiac care centre

Objective: To determine the safety of thrombolysis (streptokinase administration) at Emergency department with comparison to coronary care unit of AFIC and NIHD, Pakistan.Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: Emergency department and coronary care unit of Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of Heart Diseases Rawalpindi, Pakistan from December 2016 till May 2017.Material and Methods: All the patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction who were indicated for thrombolysis in emergency department (ER) and coronary care unit (CCU) during our study time period were included in the study through consecutive sampling. Demographic and clinical data of all patients were collected. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS-23.Results: A total number of 100 patients were recruited in our study. The mean age of the patients was 58.18±15 years with minimum age 22 years and maximum age 85 years. Males were more in number 85 (85.0%). 64 (64.0%) patients were given streptokinase at emergency department while 36 (36.0%) were thrombolysed in coronary care unit. The most common indication for thrombolysis at ER was anterior wall myocardial infarction 24 (24.0%). The most common risk factor was smoking history (47%) followed by family history (36%). Door to needle time was smaller in emergency department in comparison with CCU [18.8±1.4 min vs 23.5±2.0 min (p=0.04)]. Major adverse cardiac events during streptokinase administration were transient hypotension, arrhythmias, hemorrhage and mortality which were minimal in Emergency Department as compared to Coronary Care Unit. Patients were immediately treated for the events accordingly both in emergency department and coronary care unit.Conclusion: Our study results yielded that thrombolysis with streptokinase was safe and effective at emergency department when compared with coronary care unit. Reducing door to needle time by considering thrombolysis at emergency department can improve the outcomes of patients.</p