Assessment of two emergency contraceptive regimens in Iran: Levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of two emergency contraception (EC)methods, levonorgestrel versus theYuzpe. In a prospective, randomized, comparative study, we included 122 healthy volunteers who in the observed cycle had had only one act of unprotected intercourse within 72h of treatment. They were randomlyallocated in levonorgestrol group (n=62) andYuzpe (n=60).The levonorgestrel regimen consisted of two pills: 0.75 mg levonorgestrel, taken twice in the 12-h interval within 72h after unprotected intercourse. The Yuzpe method included twoHDcontraceptive pills taken as another regimen.Datawere collected by questionnaire at first and 3weeks later.The differenceswere comparedwithX &Fisher exact tests. There were no significant differences between two groups in any of the observed parameters. The levonorgestrel regimen was found superior to Yuzpe because it's more effectiveness (respectively 100% vs 91%, p=0.026) and fewer side effects. The study showed more effectiveness and safety of the levonorgestrel regimen as emergency contraception. Thus we recommend levonorgestrel as an alternative EC method instead of theYuzpe regimen in Iran or other developing countries in order to decrease unwanted pregnancy.Keywords: Yuzpe, Levonorgestrel, emergency contraceptio

Conceptual model of managing health care volunteers in disasters: A mixed method study

Background: Shortage of specialized healthcare volunteers is a major challenge during disasters and one solution could be pre-identified healthcare volunteers. This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of managing Iranian healthcare volunteers in disasters. Methods: This mixed method study was designed in two phases. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 22 health professionals and key informant. The interviews were analyzed by framework analysis. In the second phase, concepts derived from the first step were evaluated in a two round Delphi study by an expert panel comprised of 42 experts. Results: Two themes and eight subthemes were identified based on the results of the first phase. The theme of background requirements included three sub-themes of laws and regulations, NGOs and socio-cultural factors. The second theme was called operational requirements which included six subthemes of preparedness, response, retention, relocation, terminating and follow-up. According to the results of the Delphi study, all of the concepts were confirmed. Conclusion: In addition to the need for supportive legal framework and building the culture of volunteering, it seems it is crucial to identify and prepare the health care volunteers in the preparedness phase and assign them appropriately in the response phase. Furthermore, the necessary measures should be prioritized to enhance volunteers' retention rate and motivation. Plans should also be implemented for volunteers' termination and volunteers' physical and mental health follow up after their mission. © 2019 The Author(s)

Erratum: Correction to: Conceptual model of managing health care volunteers in disasters: a mixed method study (BMC health services research (2019) 19 1 (241))

In the original publication of this article 1, the percent sign at the first row of the Table 2 needs to be deleted. The updated Table 2 is shown below

Conceptual model of managing health care volunteers in disasters: A mixed method study

Background: Shortage of specialized healthcare volunteers is a major challenge during disasters and one solution could be pre-identified healthcare volunteers. This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of managing Iranian healthcare volunteers in disasters. Methods: This mixed method study was designed in two phases. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 22 health professionals and key informant. The interviews were analyzed by framework analysis. In the second phase, concepts derived from the first step were evaluated in a two round Delphi study by an expert panel comprised of 42 experts. Results: Two themes and eight subthemes were identified based on the results of the first phase. The theme of background requirements included three sub-themes of laws and regulations, NGOs and socio-cultural factors. The second theme was called operational requirements which included six subthemes of preparedness, response, retention, relocation, terminating and follow-up. According to the results of the Delphi study, all of the concepts were confirmed. Conclusion: In addition to the need for supportive legal framework and building the culture of volunteering, it seems it is crucial to identify and prepare the health care volunteers in the preparedness phase and assign them appropriately in the response phase. Furthermore, the necessary measures should be prioritized to enhance volunteers' retention rate and motivation. Plans should also be implemented for volunteers' termination and volunteers' physical and mental health follow up after their mission. © 2019 The Author(s)

Development of a questionnaire to assess the factors associated with clinical learning of nursing students: A Delphi study

Introduction : Inhibiting factors in clinical learning of nursing students cause a huge gap between the optimum and the current situation in performance of the graduates . Due to the lack of a comprehensive and reliable tool for the identification of these factors in Iran , this study aimed to develop a scale to assess the related items to nursing students’ clinical learning.   Methods : This descriptive study used Delphi approach to assess factors associated with clinical learning of nursing students in nursing schools of Yazd province in 2013 . The expert panel includes all registrars in nursing faculties, nursing clinical tutors, nursing personnel involved in education and years three and four nursing students. In the first round of Delphi, data collection tool was a structured questionnaire with 82 item s and an open question for additional suggestions.   Sampling method in those with responsibility was purposive, due to their limited number, and in other groups was random. Sample size was 48 of whom 41 agreed to participate in the study. According to the Delphi process, scope and scale of items were studied by 41 members of the panel t o reach over than 75% consensus. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS V 17.0 software using various analytic tests .   Results : Consensus on the questionnaire items was obtained during the two- round Delphi, and in the final questionnaire, the percentage of agreement between expert panel reached 79.85 %. Panel members came to agreement on factors associated with clinical learning questionnaire consisted 89 items in seven domains of educational planning (79.94%) , evaluation (76.21%), resources and regulation of clinical environment (81.17%), professional communications (81.25%), clinical instructor (82/62), clinical instructor teaching methods (81.25%) and student learning (81.91%) .   Conclusion : The clinical learning factors questionnaire for nursing students, with 79.85% consensus of the expert panel, can be considered as a comprehensive and valid questionnaire to assess clinical training and to identify weaknesses and challenges of nursing students’ clinical learning in Iran

To Evaluate Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Yazd,2014

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of childbearing age. The prevalence is about 4-15 per­­ cent. Disease present with menstrual disorders, hirsutism, acne, obesity and associated metabolic complications in the long term and the quality of life of patients is affected. The aim of this study was to prioritize the problems of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome to improve the quality of life. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 70 women with polycystic ovary syndrome Referred to the Baghai poor clinic in Yazd. Polycystic ovary syndrome questionnaire was used to collect information. Results: Mean scores in order from less to more include menstrual disorders (57.6), weight (63.06), infertility (68.77), emotional (68.9) and hirsutism (72.6). The mean age was 29.03±6.14 and the mean BMI was 28.3±5.6. More than 70 percent had BMI higher than 25. Among the demographics data, age, marital status, education level, income level and employment status did not affect any of the areas. Weight is predictive of weight area and the child is predictive of infertility area. Conclusion: Considering the profound impact of the disease on various aspects of health, further studies to investigate the relationship between symptoms and treatments on quality of life and planning to increase the quality of life of people is necessary