Epilepsy Surgery in Children

ObjectiveIn the majority of patients with intractable epilepsy, seizures can be well controlled with appropriate medication. However, current estimates indicate that some of patients with epilepsy are refractory to all forms of medical therapy. The surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy in children has  evolved with advances in technical innovations. These medically intractable patients are candidates for surgical treatment in an attempt to achieve better seizure control. The definitive successful outcome of epilepsy surgery is a seizure-free state without significant neurological impairments.In this article, we will outline the essential elements of presurgical evaluation and describe a variety of therapeutic surgical options, and the related indications, techniques, results and complications of each procedure.

A study on the ethical components of nursing practice (moral distress, ethical sensitivity, ethical decision)

This paper is an applied research in terms of objective and a descriptive research in terms of method. Having prepared the research plan, a questionnaire was designed based on goals and hypotheses of the research and was sent to the statistical universe. Also this paper is a field research in terms of data collection. As regards theoretical bases of the research, library data collection method has been applied. So, the required data has been gathered by referring to the related references, books, libraries and so on. To design a questionnaire and gather the opinions of the statistical universe members, field study method and researcher-made questionnaire have been used. The statistical universe comprises nurses and head of ICU and head nurses of Najmieh Hospital in Tehran. The respondents were selected by random sampling method. Also to estimate sample size, Morgan table was applied. The statistical universe consists of 65 members and according to the table, 56 questionnaires were determined for the research. So 60 questionnaires were sent and 58 ones were returned. Face and content validity of the research tool were approved by experts. The test reliability was estimated 0.777 by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In this paper, factor analysis based on partial least squares structural equations method has been applied to analyze more important factors and coefficients, estimate independent variables coefficients and even determine effectiveness of each independent variable on each other and determine appropriateness of the questions and their coefficients in explaining the related index. The main result of this paper presents a proper model for the relation of effective variables on nurse performance by using regression model. © IDOSI Publications, 2014

Theoretical investigation of a novel xylene-based light-driven unidirectional molecular motor

In this study, the working mechanism of the first light-driven rotary molecular motors used to control an eight-base-pair DNA hairpin has been investigated. In particular, this linker was reported to have promising photophysical properties under physiological conditions, which motivated our work at the quantum mechanical level. Cis-trans isomerization is triggered by photon absorption at wavelengths ranging 300 nm-400 nm, promoting the rotor to the first excited state, and it is mediated by an energy-accessible conical intersection from which the ground state is reached back. The interconversion between the resulting unstable isomer and its stable form occurs at physiological conditions in the ground state and is thermally activated. Here, we compare three theoretical frameworks, generally used in the quantum description of medium-size chemical systems: Linear-Response Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (LR-TDDFT), Spin-Flip TDDFT (SF-TDDFT), and multistate complete active space second-order perturbation theory on state-averaged complete active space self consistent field wavefunctions (MS-CASPT2//SA-CASSCF). In particular, we show the importance of resorting to a multireference approach to study the rotational cycle of light-driven molecular motors due to the occurrence of geometries described by several configurations. We also assess the accuracy and computational cost of the SF-TDDFT method when compared to MS-CASPT2 and LR-TDDFT

Evaluation of Inhibitory Activity of Cordia Myxa Fruit Extract on Microorganisms that Causes Spoilage of Food and Its Role in the Treatment of Certain Disease States

The study of chemical content and aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Aplomb's  fruit and then detect the chemical components effective it aggregates and also, studying the effectiveness of inhibitory to extracts toward isolates bacterial different: E.coli, Pseudomonas flurscence, Salmonella, Shegilla and Staphylococcus aureus, where the results showed that the fruit Alpmbr containing 63.9% carbohydrate, 8.6% protein, 6.7% ash and 9.9% fat, so that the fruit Alpmbr high content of carbohydrates and fat shows that fat contains a high percentage of saturated fats, such as fatty acid, lauric acid ratio was 48.3% and Myristic acid was 15.8%, as well as that it contains a significant proportion of unsaturated fatty acid such as oleic by 12.4%, which is an important and basic nutrition and health for human. The fruit Alpmbr of mineral content was high proportion of potassium 29 ppm and sodium element was 13 ppm. It was found that either metallic zinc and calcium were accepted by Iraqi Standard. Heavy metals such as Cadmium, chromium and copper were not diagnose which is toxic elements, so it may be considered the fruit of Alpmbr is a safe fruits to-use and useful for health. To test the activity of the functional chemical components, it was found that high content of alkaloids, Saponin, Comarines, and Gums, and a reasonable rates of resins and Steroid, multiple phenols, flavonoids and Glycosides, tannins and oily nitrogeneous materials oily with low content. The pH of the aqueous extracts is 7.0 and alcoholic extract was 6.5 that means the fruits is neutral acidity. As for the inhibition  activity toward the bacterial isolates were higher effective inhibitory concentration 200mg / ml of aqueous extracts a diameter of 26mm against Pseudomonas flurscence and 25 mm for the both of Salmonella and E.coli. While, it decrease significantly to 19mm towards both Shegilla and Staphylococcus aureus. But with alcoholic extract concentration 200mg / ml has decreased significantly to 25 mm diameter towards Staphylococcus aureus and 20mm in E.coli and Shegilla.  Also the same significant decreases towards the Salmonella 19mm and 16mm towards the bacteria Pseudomonas flurscence. The sensitivity of the bacterial isolates for the  antibiotics inhibition diameters was 20 mm, of Erthromycin against Salmonella.  And the diameter of Oxacillin was 17 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, but Optimdex T was a very highly effective against all bacterial isolates. Keywords: Cordia myxa-Chemicals content-Minerals-Bacterial inhibition activet

Structural and optical behaviors of 2D-layered molybdenum disulfide thin film:Experimental and ab-initio insights

The two-dimensional (2D) layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) material represents a nominee potent for optoelectronic devices application. In this research work, the experimental characterizations of 2D- MoS2 thin films are reported in terms of various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized MoS2 thin films are grown by employing the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) procedure on SiO2/Si substrates. In order to monitor the deposition rates of ablated films, the buffer argon-gas pressures are varied during the pulsed laser deposition at substrate temperature of 700 °C. The field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyzes revealed a change in the surface morphology of MoS2 films when the buffer Ar-gas pressure is varied between 0 and 100 mTorr. For all samples, a 2H-phase is revealed from X-ray diffraction patterns, indicating a reflection (2θ) around 14.85°. By varying the deposition pressure of laser-ablated MoS2 films, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy divulged the chemical compositional elements and valence states of Mo and S on the surface of MS2 films with low density of defects. Analysis of the photoluminescence spectroscopy illustrated emission bands spanning from the visible (Vis) to near-infrared (NIR) regimes in the deposition pressures range ~ 0–100 mTorr. This is mainly owing to the change in the recombination of electron–hole pairs and charge transfer between the deposited MoS2 films and SiO2 substrate surface under various buffer gas pressures. Additionally, first-principles electronic structure calculations are performed to qualitatively examine the effect of native point-defect species (sulfur-monovacancy and sulfur-divacancy defects) on the electronic structure and optical properties of 2D- MoS2 sheets. It is unveiled that the variation of compositional sulfur-vacancy defect in MoS2 monolayer creates an in–gap defect levels above the valence states, leading to an acceptor character. Importantly, the enhancement in the optical absorption spectra divulged a shift in the optical gap from Vis-NIR window with the increase of sulfur vacancy contents in MoS2 single-layer. The identification of intrinsic point defects may be beneficial for photovoltaic energy conversion at higher wavelengths by designing next generation 2D-semiconductors, which could be of vital significance for growing 2D layers and multilayers into practical technologies

Inhibition of fatty acids profile changes of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fillets during frozen storage by packaging under vacuum system

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vacuum packing (VP) on the fatty acids profiles in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fillets during an extended frozen storage period. Cobia fillets were treated under vacuum system then stored at -18°C for up to 6 months and compared to control conditions. As a result of a frozen storage period of 6 months, a marked content decrease was found in the fatty acid groups such as MUFA, PUFA and ω-3 PUFA, as well as in the ω-3/ ω-6 ratio. However, a preserving effect on such fatty acid parameters could be observed due to the VP treatment. Assessment of the polyene index (PI) indicated an increased lipid oxidation development as a result of the frozen storage time; however, this increase was partially inhibited by the vacuum packaging. Results indicate that vacuum packaging was a proper way to reduce lipid oxidation in Cobia fillets and extend their shelf life by omitting available oxygen. Thus the employment of VP alone or in combination with other protective strategies is recommended

Effect of daily consumption of dried ginger in the level of some hormones, cholesterol, and total fat in women's sample

This study was carried out at the General Al-Mohmmodia Hospital/ Al-Mohmmodia district/ Baghdad/Iraq. Ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale) has become a subject of interest due to its bioactive contents such as an antioxidant and androgenic affect in diseases treatment in more countries world-wide. As an antioxidants ginger has an effective role on spermatogenesis and blood biochemical parameters. Thirty women almost of them suffering from high blood lipid profile and cholesterol, some of them had kidney dysfunction were taken. All women were conducted to explore the consumption of about 1gm daily for complete month on the physiological performance, lipid profile, kidney function and testosterone and progesterone hormones. The result of BMI showed significant difference of all ages groups and for all the kind of overweight and obesity. However Hb level showed a significant differences (p<0.05) between different ages, Hb showed no significant differences within the same age before and after consumption the ginger powder (p˃0.05). Blood glucose was not differ significantly between the group ages, but it was significantly (p<0.05) difference before and after the ginger powder consumption. Serum cholesterol, total glyceride. LDL, HDL, and VLDL levels revealed significant (p<0.05) differences between group ages, but within group age 31-40 years were no significant (p˃0.05) differences. On the other hand, result of this study showed a significant (p<0.05) differences in kidney functions (urea, creatinine, and salts) when compared its with normal ranges. However serum testosterone showed a significant (p<0.05) differences with all ages of women, the progesterone showed no significant (p˃0.05) differences. Results revealed that consumption of 1gm daily of ginger powder significantly increased blood Hb, cholesterol, lipid profile, testosterone hormone, and improved kidney functions. So that we can suggest that ginger may be a promising in kidney and fertility function. In addition, its improve the biochemical parameters Keywords: ginger-biochemical parameter-lipid profile- kidney function- hormone