Photodegradation of reactive blue 19 dye using magnetic nanophotocatalyst α-Fe2O3/WO3: A comparison study of α-Fe2O3/WO3 and WO3/NaOH

The photocatalytic degradation of reactive blue 19 (RB19) dye was investigated in a slurry system using ultraviolet (UV) and light-emitting diode (LED) lamps as light sources and using magnetic tungsten trioxide nanophotocatalysts (α-Fe2O3/WO3 and WO3/NaOH) as photocatalysts. The effects of different parameters including irradiation time, initial concentration of RB19, nanophotocatalyst dosage, and pH were examined. The magnetic nanophotocatalysts were also characterized with different methods including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the presence of tungsten trioxide on the iron oxide nanoparticles. The VSM analysis confirmed the magnetic ability of the new synthesized nanophotocatalyst α-Fe2O3/WO3 with 39.6 emu/g of saturation magnetization. The reactor performance showed considerable improvement in the α-Fe2O3-modified nanophotocatalyst. The impact of visible light was specifically investigated, and it was compared with UV-C light under the same experimental conditions. The reusability of the magnetic nanophotocatalyst α-Fe2O3/WO3 was tested during six cycles, and the magnetic materials showed an excellent removal efficiency after six cycles, with just a 7% decline

Explanation of Experiences and Emotional Reactions in Women Victims of Infidelity: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Infidelity as one of the main causes for divorce has very deleterious effects on family, mental health, and feelings of the victims. The purpose of this study was to identify and explain emotional experiences and reactions of women victims of infidelity. Method: In this interpretative study with phenomenology method, study population consisted of women victims of infidelity in Shemiranat, Tehran City, Iran, in 2016. 18 women of 22-64 years who were victims of the infidelity were selected through purposive sampling and were investigated by a semi-structured interview. The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis method. Results: The data analysis resulted in two main themes, 12 subthemes, and 61 initial concepts. As the first theme, ‘maladaptive emotional reactions’ consisted of subthemes as the feelings of separation from life (including feelings of sadness, frustration, and desire for death), separation from oneself (including inadequacy, and sense of abandonment), anger, hatred, cruelty, vulnerability, emotional confusion, fear and anxiety, numbness, and coldness. The second main theme was ‘adaptive emotional reactions’ consisting of subthemes as feelings of self-worth (including one’s own and spouse), compassion (including toward the spouse, and toward the rival), and attachment to the spouse (interest in the spouse, sense of their ownership, and their forgiveness). Conclusion: The results showed that infidelity was a phenomenon not experienced similarly by all women victims. Based on social constructivists, different perceptions of women victims causing different patterns of reactions to infidelity in them. Given the fact that the findings have been elicited out of a native study, they may play a vital role in developing the intervention packages. Keywords: Extramarital sex behavior, Adultery, Affair, Extramarital relations, Emotional aspects, Affective aspect

A Study for Water Purification Using Reverse Osmosis Membrane Modified with Carbon Nanotube

Water desalination systems is among the methods used to produce potable water to be used for domestic, agricultural and industrial applications.  Reverse osmosis is a common methods  employed for desalination facilities, mainly because of its low energy consumption, and high efficiency for permeate production. The main aim of this research is to use nanocomposite containing carbon nanotubes to improve membrane wall performance. in addition, the increase in the flux as a result of decreased clogging surface on the membrane was also studied.  To accomplish the objective of the study, the synthesized polyamid reverse osmosis nanocomposite membrane were used for purification of brackish water with the characteristic of having the electroconductivity of 4000 µs/cm. The modified raw-multi walled carbon nanotubes membrane was embedded through polymerization method in order to increase porosities and hydrophilicity. Analysis of Contact angle, SEM, FTIR and AFM were done for recognizing the compounds which were created on the surface of membranes and membranes hydrophilicity. Three sets of samples were prepared for testing in the membrane cell synthesis analysis. Water flux and rejection rates were assessed every 30 minutes. Results of this study showed that the membranes have soft hydrophil surfaces and by increasing nanocomposite concentrations with specified measure, the water flux increased up to 30.8 L/m2h which was noticeable compared to the simple polyamide membranes. Our results also showed that fouling reduced considerably and the clogging condition was reduced by nanocomposite membranes, and the rejection rate was higher than 97 percent for all synthesized membranes with pyrrol

Identifying psychological reactions of boys to parental divorce: A qualitative study

Introduction: Increasing divorce rates have important implications for children. The causal relationship between parental divorce and mental health of children is not simple and there are different patterns for the response of children to parental divorce. The examination of gender as a possible mediator in the adaptation of children to divorce has, in some cases, rendered contradictory results. The aim of this study was to identify the psychological reactions of boys to parental divorce in a qualitative study. Method: The present study is qualitative in nature. The study population consisted of boys who had experienced parental divorce in Shahriar County, Iran. Subjects were selected using purposive sampling method. In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 13 boys of 12-17 years of age from families who had experienced separation 1-5 years prior to the time of the interviews and lived with their mothers. Marshall and Rossman’s reduction and interpretation method was used for data analysis. Data reduction and interpretation method involves the sorting of data into categories and coding them. Results: The 2 main themes of emotional reactions and behavioral reactions were achieved through data analysis. The subcategories of emotional reactions include a sense of relief, sadness, anger, and mixed reaction and the subcategories of behavioral reactions included maturity, academic performance, and behavior problems. Conclusion: This study showed that the processes of divorce and separation are not experienced homogeneously by all children. The effects of divorce can be positive, negative, or a mix of the two. It however seems reasonable for one to conclude that the negative impact of divorce on boys can be extensive. This illustrates children’s different perceptions of divorce and its related processes that lead to the different response patterns in boys to divorce. Keywords: Sons of divorce, Psychological reaction, Emotional reactions, Behavioral reaction

Low Anterior and Very Low Anterior Resection in Patients with Rectal Cancer with or without Diverting Colostomy: A Comparison

Introduction: In colorectal cancer surgery, diverting colostomy after low anterior resection (LAR) and very low anterior resection (VLAR) operations is an issue of great significance to the surgeons. This study set out to compare the results of operation in patients with rectal cancer, undergoing VLAR and a type of LAR of the rectum, with or without diverting colostomy. Materials and Methods: 100 patients with rectal cancer undergoing VLAR and LAR, with or without diverting colostomy at a tertiary care hospital (Imam-Hossein Medical Center) were prospectively assessed from March, 2011 to February, 2015. Demographic data, radiotherapy history, and surgery-related data such as duration as well as post-operative complications were collected and analyzed. Results: Of 100 patients, 50 underwent VLAR or LAR without diverting colostomy, and 50 underwent surgical resection with diversion. The age, male to female ratio, and history of radiation were not different in the two groups (P>0.05). The surgery was successful for 47 (94%) patients without diverting colostomy and for 48 patients (96%) with diverting colostomy. The age, gender, history of radiotherapy, and surgery duration did not affect the surgery success rate (P > 0.05), which is fairly significant. The two groups showed no significant difference in surgical outcomes and complications (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Contrary to popular belief, the surgery success rate and complications were not significantly different in the group without diverting colostomy and the group with diverting colostomy. VLAR and LAR without diverting colostomy are recommended. &nbsp

Twin pregnant woman with COVID-19: a case report

A Case of pregnant woman (G2Ab1, twin pregnancy with microinjection, Gestational Age 23 weeks and 3 days) referred to our center with a complaints of fever and dry cough and dyspnea. She was admitted with a diagnosis of COVID-19. During the hospitalization, O2 saturation progressively decreased, which led to patient get intubate. Gradual recovery with treatment occurred and the patient was extubed. Unfortunately, she was intubated again due to decreased O2 saturation, 5 days later. Liver enzymes increased, then both fetuses died intrauterine, the cardiac output then declined to 10% and the mother died within hours

The Underlying Factors for Postpartum Depression Severity in Iran: A Single-Center Study

Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mental disorder among women and it can cause negative consequences for them, children, and families; however, accurate statistics and underlying factors on PPD and its severity are not available in Iran. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 women referred to an academic hospital for normal vaginal delivery, which had a full-term and single pregnancy and had passed between 6 weeks and 6 months of delivery, were selected by convenience sampling methods. The Edinburgh Depression Inventory and the checklist for demographic information of mothers were completed. Results: The prevalence of postpartum depression was 11.0% and 68.2% of mothers had a mild type. 31.8% had a history of depression. There was a significant relationship between the severity of postpartum depression in women with a previous history of depression (P = 0.012). Between postpartum depression and maternal age (P = 0.115), body mass index at delivery (P = 0.571), number of pregnancies (P = 0.693), number of deliveries (P = 0.446), number of abortions (P = 0.424), willing or unwilling pregnancy (P = 0.451), neonatal sex (P = 0.533), history of neonatal hospitalization (P = 0.725), previous history disease (P = 0.725) was no statistical association. Conclusion: The prevalence of PPD was approximately 11%, and there was a significant association between postpartum depression severity and a history of depression Physicians and policymakers should consider early screening for PPD, especially among women with previous depression

Cognitive Experiences and Reactions of Women to Infidelity: A Phenomenological Study

Introduction: Infidelity, as a main cause for marital maladaptiveness and divorce, has important effects on victim’s family and mental health. This study aimed to identify and explain the cognitive reactions and experiences of women victims of infidelity. Method: The present study employed a qualitative approach along with the interpretative phenomenology method. The study population consisted of women victims of infidelity in Tehran (Shemiranat), Iran, in year 2016. To do so, 18 women who were victims of infidelity were selected through purposive sampling, and investigated by a semi-structured interview. The data elicited from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis method. Results: The data analysis resulted in two main themes, 11 subthemes, and 61 initial concepts. As the first theme, “maladaptive cognitive reactions” consisted “porous religious beliefs”, “suspicion”, “obsession”, “damage in the meaning of life”, “maladaptive decision-making”, “thinking to punish the guilty”, “negative self-evaluating, and “thought disorders” as subthemes. The second main theme was “adaptive cognitive reactions” consisting “positive defensive thoughts”, “appeal to religious beliefs”, and “peace-seeking thoughts for the decision-making” as subthemes. Conclusion: From cognitive aspect, the infidelity is not experienced homogeneously by all women victims, and the effects of infidelity can be either maladaptive or adaptive. Personality, religious beliefs, having children, and spousal relationship quality contributed to the women victims’ reactions. Given the fact that the findings have been elicited out of a native study, they may play a vital role in developing the intervention packages. Keywords: Extramarital sex behavior, Adultery, Extramarital relations, Cognitive aspect

Job Satisfaction Differences between Primary Health Care and Treatment Sectors: An Experience from Iran

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the levels of job satis¬faction and its predictors among primary health care and treatment sectors' staff in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.Methods: This comparative study was conducted in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran in 2011. A questionnaire survey was performed on 420 staff from health care and treatment sectors using multi-stage proportional cluster sampling method. Job satisfaction was measured in five aspects namely: structural and managerial; individual; social; work-itself; environ¬mental and welfare job satisfaction factors. The job satisfaction measure¬ment score was normalized to fall into a range of zero to 100. Statistical analyses were performed using Friedman and independent sample t-tests.Results: Overall satisfaction in health and treatment sectors was moderate with a mean score above 50. Hospital General Practitioners reported sig¬nifi¬cantly higher job satisfaction score (mean ± SD=57.34 ± 17.02) com¬pared to health care center General Practitioners (mean ± SD= 31.74±14.99). The highest satisfaction scores belonged to individual factors both in health care sector staff (64.83±18.50) and treatment sector staff (63.55±17.44). The lowest job satisfaction was observed with environmental and welfare factors (38.47±19.86 and 36.83±19.86, respectively).Conclusion: The job satisfaction significantly differs between primary health care and treatment sectors. Based on the results, environmental and welfare factors may be targeted to improve the job satisfaction in public health care system

Investigation of depression prevalence in slow coronary artery patients

Introduction: There is limited information about the association between Coronary Slow Flow (CSF) phenomenon and depression. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression in slow coronary artery patients in compression of patients with normal coronary artery and those with significant coronary stenosis under angiography at Shafa hospital of Kerman in 2018. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was performed on 180 people. All participants were divided into three groups (60 patients with CSF diagnosed by elective Coronary Angiography (CAG), 60 people with Coronary Normal Flow (CNF), and 60 patients with significant coronary artery diseases (CAD) who were referred to Shafa hospital of Kerman in 2018. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that included two parts: demographic information and Beck Depression Scale. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 24 software. Results: The results showed that 55 % of the sample were male and the incidence of mild, moderate, and severe depression is significantly higher among patients with CSF in compromising with normal and coronary stenosis group (P <0.0001). Conclusion: Due to the significant association between depression and CSF, it is necessary for people with cardiovascular disease to be screened for psychiatric problems