The Impact of Climate on Flood Disasters in Indonesia

Weather changes that are quite extreme at this time are considered quite disturbing to the community. Extreme weather certainly opens up opportunities for disasters such as floods and so on. The occurrence of flooding certainly causes huge losses in an area. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of climate on household flooding. The data used in this study is sourced from the 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data, with a total of 293,651 households covering all provinces in Indonesia. The data analysis method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results of this study indicate that rainfall and air humidity have a positive effect of 0.0003% and 0.11%, respectively, on the occurrence of flooding. Another climate element, namely solar radiation, has a negative effect of 0.04% on floods that occur in Indonesia in general. If it is divided into rural and urban areas, the rainfall value in urban areas is higher but air humidity is lower than in rural areas. Meanwhile, solar radiation is relatively the same in urban and rural areas

The Impact of Climate Factors on Drinking Water Shortage in Indonesia

Water is a very vital natural resource and is needed to determine the sustainability of the life of all living things on this earth. The emergence of the effects of global warming due to increasingly erratic climate change results in an increase in regional temperature which results in the scarcity of clean water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of climate on the potential shortage of drinking water in Indonesia. The data used in this study is sourced from the 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data, with a total of 293,651 observation households covering all provinces in Indonesia. The data analysis method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results of this study indicate that the intensity of rainfall has a negative effect on the potential for drinking water shortages in the territory of Indonesia. Meanwhile, the increase in air temperature and the increase in the duration of sunlight have a positive impact on the potential for drinking water shortages. The tendency for potential shortages of drinking water is higher in urban areas due to higher air temperatures, and the lack of water absorption in urban areas. It is necessary to be careful in the dry season where currently extreme weather occurs so that during the dry season at one time the air temperature is above the average so that it triggers a drought and results in a shortage of drinking water

The Impact of Accelerated Development on Air Pollution in Indonesia

Development is the result achieved from sustainable government policy efforts. The government is responsible for planning and implementing policies to increase people's welfare and improve infrastructure and the economic sector. Instead of producing the expected positive impacts, development often has adverse side effects for society and the environment. This study aimed to determine the impact of development in rural areas on air pollution. The data used in this research is Village Development Index data for 2018. Apart from that, this research also uses several variables from the 2018 Village Potential data collection results. The method used in this research is the Instrumental Variable (IV) method. The results obtained in this study, namely development in independent villages, still have residuals and have an impact on air pollution. Support is needed from the government through regulations and companies through obedience to pay attention to environmental conditions so that the survival of living things is maintained

Determination of Climate Factors in Flood and Drought Disaster in Indonesia using Instrumental Variable (IV) Methods

Located in the Southeast Asia region, Indonesia has rainy and dry seasons. In the rainy and dry seasons that occur in Indonesia, often causes many problems in various business sectors and community activities, including floods and droughts. It is known that the disaster will have an impact on material and nonmaterial losses. This study uses climate data and disaster data at the village level to determine the effect of rainfall on disasters. This study uses the instrumental variable method because the model has endogeneity problems. The study results concluded that increased rainfall had a positive impact on flood disasters with a coefficient of 0.003038. Simultaneously, rainfall also impacted drought with a coefficient of -0.000377. Variables in the regression model that are formed can explain 1.74 percent of the flood disaster and 0.59 percent of the drought disaster. These results indicate that most of the other variables can influence flooding and drought. Through this research, it is known that rainfall for floods and droughts is quite significant. Therefore, government and community efforts are needed to anticipate similar disasters

Analysis of Intensity, Duration, and Frequency Rain Daily of Java Island Using Mononobe Method

The importance of analyzing rainfall is expected to help in handling disaster-prone areas, so that the consequences can be minimized. This study aims to determine the intensity of rain in the short term. The data used in this study is the annual rainfall data in Java for 2005 - 2019 for each province. The method used in this study is the Mononobe Method to see the intensity of daily rain and its daily return period. The results of this study indicate that the intensity of rain during the duration of one hour to three hours decreases quite significantly, but at the duration of four to eight hours the decrease in rain intensity is not as big as the decrease in the duration of one hour to three hours. The highest rainfall intensity is in the one hour duration in West Java Province. However, the intensity for the five to eight hour duration tends to be the same for 6 provinces in Java. The rainfall threshold in Java is included in the category of heavy rain. High rainfall intensity lasts for a short duration, on the other hand, rainfall with low intensity tends to occur over a relatively long duratio

Pengenalan Pola Sinyal Suara Manusia Menggunakan Metode Back Propagation Neural Network

This research have been designed a structure of artificial neural network (ANN) with using backpropagation to recognize signal pattern of human voice. The signal should first be processed with Linear Predictive Coding (LPC). Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) used for extraction characteristic. Producing matrix with 24 x50 orde which is then becoming input data for Artificial Neural Network Backpropagation (ANN-BP). There nets consist of 4 layers. Those 4 layers are : 1 input layers with 24 neuron, 2 hidden layers which are devided as 15 neuron at the first hidden layer and 10 neuron at the second, The last output with 5 neuron.For 5 training data, parameter characteristic value of net such us: Learning rate value (alpha) = 0,05 and mu value (μ) = 10-3with using by sigmoid bipolar activation function. The result of the research shows that the nets can recognize as 100 % of 25 trainning data, 74 % of 25 testing data.Keywords : Artificial Neural Network, Back propagation, voice recognatio

The Impact of Decreasing Forest Areas on Increasing Global Temperatures

Forests act as a producer of oxygen which is essential for the survival of living things. Degradation of forest areas causes the extinction of various species. It creates a greenhouse gas effect that impacts global warming, triggering regional climate change. This study aimed to determine the effect of decreasing forest area on increasing the annual average temperature in the world. The data used in this study are world forest area data and world average yearly temperature during the 1990-2020 period, with the addition of carbon emission data as a control. The analytical method uses Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results obtained in this study, namely a decrease in every 1 km2 of forest area, will have a positive impact on increasing the annual average temperature. There was a significant influence in 1990-2010 with an increase in the country's average temperature of 0.0037225oC. An increase in carbon emissions of 1 ppm increases temperature by 1.046833oC. The results of this study illustrate that the reduction in forest area increases temperature, which triggers global climate change. Particular policies are needed from the government to maintain forest sustainability so that the ecosystem is maintained. Keywords: Forest areas; rising temperatures; global warming; carbon emissions