24 research outputs found
Grey Literature and Professional Knowledge Making
International audienceWhat does grey literature mean? What role does it play in the production and dissemination of practitioner knowledge? How do reports, presentations and communications, working papers and other un-published material contribute to professional, extra-academic knowledge making? The following paper tries to provide some elements for a better understanding of grey literature, with examples from different collections and disciplines. Moreover, it puts the focus on critical issues like standards, identifiers and quality, and it discusses the impact of open science, i.e. the movement to make scientific research, data and dissemination accessible to all levels of an inquiring society, amateur or professional
Benefitting from the Grey Literature in Software Engineering Research
Researchers generally place the most trust in peer-reviewed, published
information, such as journals and conference papers. By contrast, software
engineering (SE) practitioners typically do not have the time, access or
expertise to review and benefit from such publications. As a result,
practitioners are more likely to turn to other sources of information that they
trust, e.g., trade magazines, online blog-posts, survey results or technical
reports, collectively referred to as Grey Literature (GL). Furthermore,
practitioners also share their ideas and experiences as GL, which can serve as
a valuable data source for research. While GL itself is not a new topic in SE,
using, benefitting and synthesizing knowledge from the GL in SE is a
contemporary topic in empirical SE research and we are seeing that researchers
are increasingly benefitting from the knowledge available within GL. The goal
of this chapter is to provide an overview to GL in SE, together with insights
on how SE researchers can effectively use and benefit from the knowledge and
evidence available in the vast amount of GL
Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus in Rats Involves Ischemic and Excitotoxic Mechanisms
The neuron loss characteristic of hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy patients is thought to be the result of excitotoxic, rather than ischemic, injury. In this study, we assessed changes in vascular structure, gene expression, and the time course of neuronal degeneration in the cerebral cortex during the acute period after onset of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE). Immediately after 2 hr SE, the subgranular layers of somatosensory cortex exhibited a reduced vascular perfusion indicative of ischemia, whereas the immediately adjacent supragranular layers exhibited increased perfusion. Subgranular layers exhibited necrotic pathology, whereas the supergranular layers were characterized by a delayed (24 h after SE) degeneration apparently via programmed cell death. These results indicate that both excitotoxic and ischemic injuries occur during pilocarpine-induced SE. Both of these degenerative pathways, as well as the widespread and severe brain damage observed, should be considered when animal model-based data are compared to human pathology