Towards a more Socio-Cultural Approach to Teaching Chinese Translation Classes.

This study is based on the Baker’s (2008) suggested processes of translation and together with her narrative and framing theory using lexical priming and implicature to show how a translated text can be re-framed by the translator from different perspectives. The main problem, generally, is that the translation process has traditionally been taught as mastering the mechanics of translation in terms of the linguistic elements. It is suggested that in addition to the linguistic aspect, the translation of a text should be set in its political, cultural and social context. This study uses a contemporary report the ‘Snowden Case’, to illustrate how the addition of narrative and framing theory can shape and re-focus a translated text. It is felt that such an approach will be beneficial for English and Chinese foreign language learners to gain a better understanding about the teaching of translation in Chinese classrooms and indeed elsewhere

Non-invasive detection of lymphoma with circulating tumor DNA features and protein tumor markers

BackgroundAccording to GLOBOCAN 2020, lymphoma ranked as the 9th most common cancer and the 12th leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Traditional diagnostic methods rely on the invasive excisional lymph node biopsy, which is an invasive approach with some limitations. Most lymphoma patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage since they are asymptomatic at the beginning, which has significantly impacted treatment efficacy and prognosis of the disease.MethodThis study assessed the performance and utility of a newly developed blood-based assay (SeekInCare) for lymphoma early detection. SeekInCare utilized protein tumor markers and a comprehensive set of cancer-associated genomic features, including copy number aberration (CNA), fragment size (FS), end motif, and lymphoma-related virus, which were profiled by shallow WGS of cfDNA.ResultsProtein marker CA125 could be used for lymphoma detection independent of gender, and the sensitivity was 27.8% at specificity of 98.0%. After integrating these multi-dimensional features, 77.8% sensitivity was achieved at specificity of 98.0%, while its NPV and PPV were both more than 92% for lymphoma detection. The sensitivity of early-stage (I-II) lymphoma was up to 51.3% (47.4% and 55.0% for stage I and II respectively). After 2 cycles of treatment, the molecular response of SeekInCare was correlated with the clinical outcome.ConclusionIn summary, a blood-based assay can be an alternative to detect lymphoma with adequate performance. This approach becomes particularly valuable in cases where obtaining tissue biopsy is difficult to obtain or inconclusive

Value of Cell Block in the Diagnosis of Malignant Pleural Effusion

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE ) is due tumor which arises from the mesothelium or metastases from tumor origniating other sites. In large, for undiagnosed unilateral pleural effusions, the most frequent and important diagnosis to be established or excluded is malignancy. Cell block is prepared from residual fluid which is centrifuged or is naturally sedimenting to obtain clots at the bottom of the container. The cell block technique is simple, relatively non-invasive, reproducible and has a high yield for malignant plerual effusion. It plays an important role in the diagnosis, guiding the treatment of maligant pleural effusion. Herein, we summarize the technologys which make the cell block, the differential diagnostic value when multiple sections of the cell block are processed for immunhistochemistry, advantages in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion, the clinical value of gene screening in cell block. The aim of this article is to discuss the value of cell block in diagnosis of maligant pleural effusion

Enhancement of Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Pollution Using an Intercropping System in Moso Bamboo Forests: Characteristics of Soil Organic Matter and Bacterial Communities

Heavy metal pollution in soil is a major global issue, and one effective method for addressing it is phytoremediation through bamboo planting. Nevertheless, there is a notable gap in our knowledge as no studies have explored the characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM) and the bacterial communities in bamboo forests during the remediation process. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted research to investigate the impact of different bamboo planting patterns on the SOM characteristics and microbial communities in soils contaminated with heavy metals. The contents of SOM and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils differed significantly between monocropping and intercropping systems, with DOM accounting for only 1.7%–2.5% of SOM. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that the contents of SOM polysaccharides C-O, carbonate C-O, aliphatic methyl, and methylene increased, while the aromatic C=C abundance decreased in the intercropping rhizosphere soil. The differences between bamboo cultivation patterns in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were elucidated using the biomarkers, including MND1 and Nitrospira (non-rhizosphere), and Sphingomonas (rhizosphere). Heavy metals, DOM, SOM, and refined organic functional groups, especially C-O in polysaccharides and symmetric carboxylate, were the determining factors of soil bacterial communities. Compared to monocropping, intercropping increased the accumulation of Zn and Cd in bamboo shoots by 35% and 40%, respectively, and hence, intercropping soil, with a low toxicity, was suitable for bamboo shoot sprouting. Intercropping can alter the characteristics of SOM and bacterial communities and plays a vital role in phytoremediation and shoot growth in bamboo forests. Future studies on soil carbon dynamics and nutrient status during heavy metal remediation will improve our knowledge of soil transformation and its impact on soil ecosystem health and productivity

Integrated Genomics and Transcriptomics Provide Insights into Salt Stress Response in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ACP81 from Moso Bamboo Shoot (<i>Phyllostachys praecox</i>) Processing Waste

Salt stress is detrimental to the survival of microorganisms, and only a few bacterial species produce hydrolytic enzymes. In this study, we investigated the expression of salt stress-related genes in the salt-tolerant bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis ACP81, isolated from bamboo shoot processing waste, at the transcription level. The results indicate that the strain could grow in 20% NaCl, and the sub-lethal concentration was 6% NaCl. Less neutral protease and higher cellulase and β-amylase activities were observed for B. subtilis ACP81 under sub-lethal concentrations than under the control concentration (0% NaCl). Transcriptome analysis showed that the strain adapted to high-salt conditions by upregulating the expression of genes involved in cellular processes (membrane synthesis) and defense systems (flagellar assembly, compatible solute transport, glucose metabolism, and the phosphotransferase system). Interestingly, genes encoding cellulase and β-amylase-related (malL, celB, and celC) were significantly upregulated and were involved in starch and sucrose metabolic pathways, and the accumulated glucose was effective in mitigating salt stress. RT-qPCR was performed to confirm the sequencing data. This study emphasizes that, under salt stress conditions, ACP81 exhibits enhanced cellulase and β-amylase activities, providing an important germplasm resource for saline soil reclamation and enzyme development