42,334 research outputs found
A Reverse-Shock Model for the Early Afterglow of GRB 050525A
The prompt localization of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 050525A by {\em Swift}
allowed the rapid follow-up of the afterglow. The observations revealed that
the optical afterglow had a major rebrightening starting at days
and ending at days, which was followed by an initial power-law
decay. Here we show that this early emission feature can be interpreted as the
reverse shock emission superposed by the forward shock emission in an
interstellar medium environment. By fitting the observed data, we further
constrain some parameters of the standard fireball-shock model: the initial
Lorentz factor of the ejecta , the magnetic energy fraction
, and the medium density . These
limits are consistent with those from the other very-early optical afterglows
observed so far. In principle, a wind environment for GRB 050525A is
disfavored.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Ap
New transformation of Wigner operator in phase space quantum mechanics for the two-mode entangled case
As a natural extension of Fan's paper (arXiv: 0903.1769vl [quant-ph]) by
employing the formula of operators' Weyl ordering expansion and the bipartite
entangled state representation we find new two-fold complex integration
transformation about the Wigner operator (in its entangled form) in phase space
quantum mechanics and its inverse transformation. In this way, some operator
ordering problems can be solved and the contents of phase space quantum
mechanics can be enriched.Comment: 8 pages, 0 figure
Advanced operator-splitting-based semi-implicit spectral method to solve the binary phase-field crystal equations with variable coefficients
We present an efficient method to solve numerically the equations of dissipative dynamics of the binary phase-field crystal model proposed by Elder et al. [Phys. Rev. B 75, 064107 (2007)] characterized by variable coefficients. Using the operator splitting method, the problem has been decomposed into sub-problems that can be solved more efficiently. A combination of non-trivial splitting with spectral semi-implicit solution leads to sets of algebraic equations of diagonal matrix form. Extensive testing of the method has been carried out to find the optimum balance among errors associated with time integration, spatial discretization, and splitting. We show that our method speeds up the computations by orders of magnitude relative to the conventional explicit finite difference scheme, while the costs of the pointwise implicit solution per timestep remains low. Also we show that due to its numerical dissipation, finite differencing can not compete with spectral differencing in terms of accuracy. In addition, we demonstrate that our method can efficiently be parallelized for distributed memory systems, where an excellent scalability with the number of CPUs is observed
Behavior of X-Ray Dust Scattering and Implications for X-Ray Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts
The afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have commonly been assumed to be
due to shocks sweeping up the circum-stellar medium. However, most GRBs have
been found in dense star-forming regions where a significant fraction of the
prompt X-ray emission can be scattered by dust grains. Here we revisit the
behavior of dust scattering of X-rays in GRBs. We find that the features of
some X-ray afterglows from minutes to days after the gamma-ray triggers are
consistent with the scattering of prompt X-ray emission from GRBs off host dust
grains. This implies that some of the observed X-ray afterglows (especially
those without sharp rising and decaying flares) could be understood with a
dust-scattering--driven emission model.Comment: ApJ, in pres
Competing Quantum Orderings in Cuprate Superconductors: A Minimal Model
We present a minimal model for cuprate superconductors. At the unrestricted
mean-field level, the model produces homogeneous superconductivity at large
doping, striped superconductivity in the underdoped regime and various
antiferromagnetic phases at low doping and for high temperatures. On the
underdoped side, the superconductor is intrinsically inhomogeneous and global
phase coherence is achieved through Josephson-like coupling of the
superconducting stripes. The model is applied to calculate experimentally
measurable ARPES spectra.Comment: 5 pages, 4 eps included figure
Effect of intensive melt shearing on the formation of Fe-containing intermetallics in LM24 Al-alloy
Fe is one of the inevitable and detrimental impurities in aluminium alloys that degrade the mechanical performance of castings. In the present work, intensive melt shearing has been demonstrated to modify the morphology of Fe-containing intermetallic compounds by promoting the formation of compact Ī±-Al(Fe,Mn)Si at the expense of needle-shaped Ī²-AlFeSi, leading to an improved mechanical properties of LM24 alloy processed by MC-HPDC process. The promotion of the formation of Ī± -Al(Fe, Mn)Si phase is resulted from the enhanced nucleation on the well dispersed MgAl 2O 4 particles in the melt. The Fe tolerance of LM24 alloy can be effectively improved by combining Mn alloying and intensive melt shearing
Ionization states of heavy elements observed in the 1974 May 14-15 anomalous solar particle event
The charge states of heavy ions accelerated in the (3)He-Fe rich solar particle event of 1974 May 14-15 are determined using data from the Interplanetary Monitoring Platform-8. In addition to Fe(+11,12) both 0(+5) and Fe(+16,17,18) are also present suggesting variations in coronal temperatures over a range from approximately 400,000 to 5,000,000 K. The presence of 0(+5) and Fe(+16-18) may be explained by a resonant plasma heating mechanism proposed to account for the enhancements of (3)He and Fe
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