Adsorption Properties of Copper (II) Ion From Aqueous Solution by Starch-Grafted Polyacrylamide and Crosslinked Starch-Grafted Polyacrylamide

Starch-grafted polyacrylamide (SA) and cross-linked starch-grafted polyacrylamide (CSA) had been synthesized via grafting polymerization from corn starch and used as adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) ion from aqueous solution. The equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption processes of SA and CSA were investigated and compared. It was found that the adsorption capacity of Cu(II) of SA and CSA could reach the maximum within 60 min when the pH was 6. The adsorption kinetics of CSA and SA for Cu(II) was favorably described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the adsorption isotherm was described well with the Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process with increased entropy, and the rise of temperature would benefit the adsorption; the enthalpy change(ΔH), the entropy change (ΔS) and free energy change (ΔG) of the adsorption process of Cu(II) on SA and CSA were calculated with adsorption isotherm data and basic thermodynamic relations

A Study of Mechanical Property of Artificial Frozen Clay under Dynamic Load

To determine the mechanical properties of artificial frozen clay under dynamic load, 81 triaxial shear tests were carried out for artificial frozen clay at different temperatures, amplitudes, frequencies, and precompressions and three kinds of testing conditions. The change laws of the dynamic modulus of elasticity, maximum dynamic shear modulus, dynamic damping ratio, and strain rate were determined. These results can guide future research on the mechanical mechanisms of frozen soil, providing both theoretical and practical significance

IgG4-related disease can present as recurrent spontaneous hemothorax: a case report

Abstract Background Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) encompasses a group of immune-mediated disorders that are gaining increasing recognition. Pulmonary presentations are common, with four types of patterns been described on radiography, including solid nodular, bronchovascular, ground glass opacities, and alveolar interstitial. Pleural thickening and pleural effusion have also been reported. However, there have been no reports of IgG4-RD that presents as spontaneous hemothorax. Case presentation A 61-year-old Chinese woman experienced recurrent right-sided chest pain and transient syncope. A significant decrease in her hemoglobin level and thick bloody pleural fluid demonstrated spontaneous hemothorax. The elevated serum IgG4 and histopathological analysis of the right pleura and intercostal lymph node specimens all supported the diagnosis of IgG4-RD in this patient. Further diagnostic evaluation did not reveal other causes for spontaneous hemothorax. She received steroids and no recurrent bleeding event occurred during a follow-up period of more than 1 year. Conclusion Recurrent spontaneous hemothorax can be a rare manifestation of IgG4-RD, with pleural involvement as the most probable mechanism

Laser-sculptured ultrathin transition metal carbide layers for energy storage and energy harvesting applications.

Ultrathin transition metal carbides with high capacity, high surface area, and high conductivity are a promising family of materials for applications from energy storage to catalysis. However, large-scale, cost-effective, and precursor-free methods to prepare ultrathin carbides are lacking. Here, we demonstrate a direct pattern method to manufacture ultrathin carbides (MoCx, WCx, and CoCx) on versatile substrates using a CO2 laser. The laser-sculptured polycrystalline carbides (macroporous, ~10-20 nm wall thickness, ~10 nm crystallinity) show high energy storage capability, hierarchical porous structure, and higher thermal resilience than MXenes and other laser-ablated carbon materials. A flexible supercapacitor made of MoCx demonstrates a wide temperature range (-50 to 300 °C). Furthermore, the sculptured microstructures endow the carbide network with enhanced visible light absorption, providing high solar energy harvesting efficiency (~72 %) for steam generation. The laser-based, scalable, resilient, and low-cost manufacturing process presents an approach for construction of carbides and their subsequent applications

Laser-sculptured ultrathin transition metal carbide layers for energy storage and energy harvesting applications.

Ultrathin transition metal carbides with high capacity, high surface area, and high conductivity are a promising family of materials for applications from energy storage to catalysis. However, large-scale, cost-effective, and precursor-free methods to prepare ultrathin carbides are lacking. Here, we demonstrate a direct pattern method to manufacture ultrathin carbides (MoCx, WCx, and CoCx) on versatile substrates using a CO2 laser. The laser-sculptured polycrystalline carbides (macroporous, ~10-20 nm wall thickness, ~10 nm crystallinity) show high energy storage capability, hierarchical porous structure, and higher thermal resilience than MXenes and other laser-ablated carbon materials. A flexible supercapacitor made of MoCx demonstrates a wide temperature range (-50 to 300 °C). Furthermore, the sculptured microstructures endow the carbide network with enhanced visible light absorption, providing high solar energy harvesting efficiency (~72 %) for steam generation. The laser-based, scalable, resilient, and low-cost manufacturing process presents an approach for construction of carbides and their subsequent applications