24 research outputs found
A Historiometric Examination of Machiavellianism and a New Taxonomy of Leadership
Although researchers have extensively examined the relationship between charismatic leadership and Machiavellianism (Deluga, 2001; Gardner & Avolio, 1995; House & Howell, 1992), there has been a lack of investigation of Machiavellianism in relation to alternative forms of outstanding leadership. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between Machiavellianism and a new taxonomy of outstanding leadership comprised of charismatic, ideological, and pragmatic leaders. Using an historiometric approach, raters assessed Machiavellianism via the communications of 120 outstanding leaders in organizations across the domains of business, political, military, and religious institutions. Academic biographies were used to assess twelve general performance measures as well as twelve general controls and five communication specific controls. The results indicated that differing levels of Machiavellianism is evidenced across the differing leader types as well as differing leader orientation. Additionally, Machiavellianism appears negatively related to performance, though less so when type and orientation are taken into account.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline
The economic costs, management and regulation of biological invasions in the Nordic countries
A collective understanding of economic impacts and in particular of monetary costs of biological invasions is lacking for the Nordic region. This paper synthesizes findings from the literature on costs of invasions in the Nordic countries together with expert elicitation. The analysis of cost data has been made possible through the InvaCost database, a globally open repository of monetary costs that allows for the use of temporal, spatial, and taxonomic descriptors facilitating a better understanding of how costs are distributed. The total reported costs of invasive species across the Nordic countries were estimated at values) with damage costs significantly outweighing management costs. Norway incurred the highest costs (2.20 billion), Sweden (1.11 billion) and Iceland (8.35 billion.
• Costs of invasions in the Nordics appear to be largely underestimated.
• The majority of invasion costs in the Nordics are expected rather than realized.
• Gaps in knowledge, policies and regulations for invasive species persist.
• Effective policies require Interdisciplinary work and cross-country collaborations
On optimal portfolio diversification with respect to extreme risks
Portfolio optimization, Risk management, Diversification effects, Multivariate extremes, 62G32, 62G05, 62G20, 62P05, C13, C14, G11,