14 research outputs found
LenSiam: Self-Supervised Learning on Strong Gravitational Lens Images
Self-supervised learning has been known for learning good representations
from data without the need for annotated labels. We explore the simple siamese
(SimSiam) architecture for representation learning on strong gravitational lens
images. Commonly used image augmentations tend to change lens properties; for
example, zoom-in would affect the Einstein radius. To create image pairs
representing the same underlying lens model, we introduce a lens augmentation
method to preserve lens properties by fixing the lens model while varying the
source galaxies. Our research demonstrates this lens augmentation works well
with SimSiam for learning the lens image representation without labels, so we
name it LenSiam. We also show that a pre-trained LenSiam model can benefit
downstream tasks. We open-source our code and datasets at
https://github.com/kuanweih/LenSiam .Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted by NeurIPS 2023 AI for Science Worksho
Recommended from our members
Therapeutic Intervention for Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) has been treated with several different interventions with limited success. This meta-analysis aims to review all trials reporting on therapeutic intervention for CP/CPPS using the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). Methods We searched Medline, PubMed, the Cochrane Pain, Palliative & Supportive Care Trials, the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the NIDDK website between 1947 and December 31, 2011 without language or study type restrictions. All RCTs for CP/CPPS lasting at least 6 weeks, with a minimum of 10 participants per arm, and using the NIH-CPSI score, the criterion standard for CP/CPPS, as an outcome measure were included. Data was extracted from each study by two independent reviewers. Gillbraith and I-squared plots were used for heterogeneity testing and Eggers and Peters methods for publication bias. Quality was assessed using a component approach and meta-regression was used to analyze sources of heterogeneity. Results: Mepartricin, percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS), and triple therapy comprised of doxazosin + ibuprofen + thiocolchicoside (DIT) resulted in clinically and statistically significant reduction in NIH-CPSI total score. The same agents and aerobic exercise resulted in clinically and statistically significant NIH-CPSI pain domain score reduction. Acupuncture, DIT, and PTNS were found to produce statistically and clinically significant reductions in the NIH-CPSI voiding domain. A statistically significant placebo effect was found for all outcomes and time analysis showed that efficacy of all treatments increased over time. Alpha-blockers, antibiotics, and combinations of the two failed to show statistically or clinically significant NIH-CPSI reductions. Conclusion: Results from this meta-analysis reflect our current inability to effectively manage CP/CPPS. Clinicians and researchers must consider placebo effect and treatment efficacy over time and design studies creatively so we can more fully elucidate the etiology and role of therapeutic intervention in CP/CPPS.
Latent Stochastic Differential Equations for Modeling Quasar Variability and Inferring Black Hole Properties
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are believed to be powered by the accretion of
matter around supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies. The
variability of an AGN's brightness over time can reveal important information
about the physical properties of the underlying black hole. The temporal
variability is believed to follow a stochastic process, often represented as a
damped random walk described by a stochastic differential equation (SDE). With
upcoming wide-field surveys set to observe 100 million AGN in multiple bandpass
filters, there is a need for efficient and automated modeling techniques that
can handle the large volume of data. Latent SDEs are well-suited for modeling
AGN time series data, as they can explicitly capture the underlying stochastic
dynamics. In this work, we modify latent SDEs to jointly reconstruct the
unobserved portions of multivariate AGN light curves and infer their physical
properties such as the black hole mass. Our model is trained on a realistic
physics-based simulation of ten-year AGN light curves, and we demonstrate its
ability to fit AGN light curves even in the presence of long seasonal gaps and
irregular sampling across different bands, outperforming a multi-output
Gaussian process regression baseline.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted at the ICLR 2023 Workshop on Physics
for Machine Learnin
From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) dataset
will dramatically alter our understanding of the Universe, from the origins of
the Solar System to the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Much of this
research will depend on the existence of robust, tested, and scalable
algorithms, software, and services. Identifying and developing such tools ahead
of time has the potential to significantly accelerate the delivery of early
science from LSST. Developing these collaboratively, and making them broadly
available, can enable more inclusive and equitable collaboration on LSST
science.
To facilitate such opportunities, a community workshop entitled "From Data to
Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" was organized by the LSST
Interdisciplinary Network for Collaboration and Computing (LINCC) and partners,
and held at the Flatiron Institute in New York, March 28-30th 2022. The
workshop included over 50 in-person attendees invited from over 300
applications. It identified seven key software areas of need: (i) scalable
cross-matching and distributed joining of catalogs, (ii) robust photometric
redshift determination, (iii) software for determination of selection
functions, (iv) frameworks for scalable time-series analyses, (v) services for
image access and reprocessing at scale, (vi) object image access (cutouts) and
analysis at scale, and (vii) scalable job execution systems.
This white paper summarizes the discussions of this workshop. It considers
the motivating science use cases, identified cross-cutting algorithms,
software, and services, their high-level technical specifications, and the
principles of inclusive collaborations needed to develop them. We provide it as
a useful roadmap of needs, as well as to spur action and collaboration between
groups and individuals looking to develop reusable software for early LSST
science.Comment: White paper from "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin
Observatory LSST" worksho
From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST
editorial reviewedThe Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) dataset will dramatically alter our understanding of the Universe, from the origins of the Solar System to the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Much of this research will depend on the existence of robust, tested, and scalable algorithms, software, and services. Identifying and developing such tools ahead of time has the potential to significantly accelerate the delivery of early science from LSST. Developing these collaboratively, and making them broadly available, can enable more inclusive and equitable collaboration on LSST science. To facilitate such opportunities, a community workshop entitled "From Data to Software to Science with the Rubin Observatory LSST" was organized by the LSST Interdisciplinary Network for Collaboration and Computing (LINCC) and partners, and held at the Flatiron Institute in New York, March 28-30th 2022. The workshop included over 50 in-person attendees invited from over 300 applications. It identified seven key software areas of need: (i) scalable cross-matching and distributed joining of catalogs, (ii) robust photometric redshift determination, (iii) software for determination of selection functions, (iv) frameworks for scalable time-series analyses, (v) services for image access and reprocessing at scale, (vi) object image access (cutouts) and analysis at scale, and (vii) scalable job execution systems. This white paper summarizes the discussions of this workshop. It considers the motivating science use cases, identified cross-cutting algorithms, software, and services, their high-level technical specifications, and the principles of inclusive collaborations needed to develop them. We provide it as a useful roadmap of needs, as well as to spur action and collaboration between groups and individuals looking to develop reusable software for early LSST science
A Framework for Utilizing Narrative Theory and Life Review in Healthcare Chaplaincy
In healthcare chaplaincy, narrative theory can help the patient separate themselves from their grief or terminal illness. It has been said that chaplaincy is a “ministry of presence,” however, just showing up is a low-level intervention. The purpose for this Doctor of Ministry thesis is to equip chaplains with a comprehensive framework for apply narrative theory and life review in the healthcare chaplaincy context. This thesis seeks to explore and define biblical models of storytelling and spiritual narratives. This thesis will encourage chaplains to have meaningful, engaging and longer visits in individual and group visits. If the spiritual care department at Queen City Hospice is fully educated about narrative theory and life review, then chaplains may be able to be better active listeners and incorporate appropriate interventions. The problem is that the spiritual care team at Queen City Hospice appears to not spend adequate time at the bedside and engaging patients and families given the time reports documented in the electronic medical record. To address the problem, a four-week training program was established to incorporate narrative theory and life review into the repertoire of chaplain interventions. The four-week program included a focus group of chaplains who volunteer to be in the study. A qualitative study utilized information gathered from surveys before and after the four-week program and includes interviews by chaplains within the focus group to gain a better perspective of how these clinical interventions can help them in their ministry. This thesis reveals that narratives can change the way in which patient’s see themselves and the world
Forest Plot of Changes in the NIH-CPSI Pain Domain Score.
<p>Forest Plot of Changes in the NIH-CPSI Pain Domain Score.</p