Histologi, Histomorfometri, dan Histokimia Hati Ayam Buras (Gallus gallus domesticus) Selama Periode Sebelum dan Setelah Menetas

ABSTRAK. Hati adalah kelenjar terbesar yang terdapat di dalam tubuh dan dapat dianggap sebagai organ pusat dalam pemeliharaan suplai energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui histologi, histomorfometri, dan histokimia sebaran glikogen pada hati ayam buras sebelum dan sesudah menetas. Sampel penelitian dibagi menjadi empat kelompok tingkat umur berbeda dan masing-masing kelompok berjumlah enam hati ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P0,05) pertumbuhan hati ayam buras secara makroskopis. Pada setiap perkembangan sudah terdapat hepatosit berbentuk poligon yang memiliki inti sel bulat di tengah hepatosit, terdapat juga vena central yang dilapisi sel endotel pipih selapis serta didapati sinusoid yang berada diantara hepatosit, dan juga ditemukan Kupffer’s cell hanya pada hati ayam setelah menetas hari ke-7. Hasil pengukuran diameter vena central hati ayam buras hari ke-7, hari ke-14, hari ke- 20 sebelum menetas dan hari ke-7 setelah menetas berturut-turut adalah 17,70 ± 1,16 µm; 60,32 ± 2,22 µm; 49,316 ± 1,93 µm; dan 129,11 ± 7,43 µm. Hasil histokimia sebaran glikogen pada hati ayam buras hari ke-14, hari ke- 20 sebelum menetas dan hari ke-7 setelah menetas berturut-turut adalah 1,44 ± 0,93; 2,27 ± 0,74; dan 2,77 ± 0,15. Dapat disimpulkan, bahwa diameter vena central dan sebaran glikogen meningkat seiring pertumbuhan ayam buras. (Histological, histomorphometrical, and histochemical of liver on native chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) during pre and posthatch period) ABSTRACT. The liver is the largest gland in the body and considered as a central organ in maintaining energy supplies. The study aimed to determine the histologic, histomorphometric and histochemical of glycogen distribution in the liver of native chicken during pre and posthatching period.. The study sample were divided into four different age groups and each group consisted of six chicken livers. The results showed a significant difference (P0,05) in native chicken liver growth macroscopically. In every development there are already polygonal hepatocytes that have a round cell nucleus in the middle of the hepatocytes, there is also a central vein that is coated with a layer of flat endothelial cells and also sinusoids that are between the hepatocytes, and kupffer's cells also found in chicken liver 7th day posthatching. The results measurements of the central vein diameter in liver native chickens on the 7th, 14th, 20th pre hatching period and 7th post hatching were 17.70 ± 1.16 µm; 60.32 ± 2.22 µm; 49.32 ± 1.93 µm; and 129.11 ± 7,43 µm; The measure results of the glycogen distribution in liver native chickens on the 14th, 20th pre hatching period and 7th post hatching were 1,44 ± 0,93; 2,27 ± 0,74; and 2,77 ± 0,15. It can be concluded, that central vein diameter and glycogen distribution were increased by growth of native chickens

MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE Longissimus dorsi MUSCLE IN BRAHMAN CROSS CATTLE

This study aimed to analyze the muscle microstructure of longissimus dorsi Brahman cross (BX) cattle slaughtered at the slaughterhouse of North Aceh District. The meat samples for the study were taken from three male BX cattle aged 18-30 months with body weights ranging from 400 kg to 500 kg and the average body condition scores (BCS) of 3-4. The muscle used was the longissimus dorsi muscle. The mean (±SE) diameter and cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle fibers and the percentage of fast fibers in the longissimus dorsi BX muscle were 71.69±1.23 µm, 4263.43±305.69 µm2 , and 48.17±8.81%, respectively. This study concluded that the longissimus dorsi muscle of the BX has relatively large muscle fibers, some of which in each fascicle are composed of fast muscle (fast fiber/type II).

PENGARUH PENANGKARAN TERHADAP PERILAKU BURUNG RHEA (Rhea americana) DI TAMAN SAFARI GURUN PUTIH LESTARI, JANTHO ACEH BESAR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perilaku harian burung rhea (Rhea americana) di penangkaran Taman Safari Gurun Putih Lestari Jantho, Aceh Besar. Pengamatan perilaku harian dilakukan terhadap 12 individu burung rhea (6 jantan dewasa dan 6 betina dewasa) menggunakan metode scan animal sampling dengan interval pengamatan setiap 10 menit. Data perilaku harian dikelompokkan berdasarkan enam rentang waktu pengamatan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Friedman test dan dilanjutkan dengan Mann-Whitney U test untuk mengetahui perilaku harian signifikan per jenis kelamin. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa persentase penggunaan waktu (time budget) melakukan aktivitas harian burung rhea berdasarkan waktu pengamatan menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p 0,05). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, perilaku makan dan minum betina secara signifikan (p <0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan jantan, sedangkan perilaku termoregulasi, agresi, dan courtship jantan secara signifikan (p <0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan betina. Kesimpulan,penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan variasi perilaku harian burung rhea pada penangkaran berdasarkan waktu pengamatan (perilaku makan dan istirahat), serta perbedaan variasi perilaku harian berdasarkan jenis kelamin (makan, minum, termoregulasi, agresi, dan courtship). Dalam penelitian ini juga teramati perilaku memakan feses (coprophagy) yang belum pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya untuk jenis ini

CHARACTERIZATION OF GLYCOCUNJUGATE DISTRIBUTION IN THE EPIDIDYMIS OF THE JAVAN MUNTJACS (Muntiacus muntjak muntjak)

The presence of glycoconjugates in caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis of the Javan muntjacs was performed using lectin histochemical method. The epididymis organs were obtained from two adult male Javan muntjacs in hard antler stage and then immediately fixed in Bouin’s solution and processed in histological manner. Six types of biotinylated lectins namely Peanut agglutinin (PNA), Soybean agglutinin (SBA), Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), Concanavalin A (Con A), and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I) were applied to detect the specific glycoconjugates in the epididymal tissue of muntjacs. The result showed the presence of glycoconjugates were detected by five types of lectins except UEA I in caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis with specific distribution and also the intensity of lectins binding. Glycoconjugates β-galactose, β-glucose, mannose, N-acetyl-galactosamine, N-acetyl-glucosamine, and sialic acid were stained with various intensity in epithelial cells, basal cells, stereocilia, spermatozoa, and stroma of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis. The presence of sialic acid on the surface of spermatozoa detected by WGA are thought to be play a role on sperm protection during their maturation and transit along epididymal lumen. In conclusion, the difference of glycoconjugates distribution pattern and lectin binding in the epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda of the Javan muntjac indicates the regional differences in epididymal function in spermatozoa maturation

Formulation and Investigation Antioxidant of O/W Cream Containing

The herb extract of Euphorbia hirta L. have been reported as sources of inexpensive antioxidant that can be used as potential cosmetic product. Therefore, the aims of this study were to formulate E. hirta L. extract loaded cream and to assess the antioxidant activity of loaded cream. First, E. hirta L. was prepared with maceration process using water as solvent (1:5). Afterwards, the obtained extract was subjected to a lyophilisation process. The extract was tasted for antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for suitable concentration of the extract incorporated into the cream, which was 10%w/w. The cream was formulated as o/w emulsion and stearic acid was selected as an emulsifier. The extract loaded cream was tested pH, viscosity, and antioxidant. The freshly prepared extract loaded cream was dark green and no phase separation was observed after centrifugation at 3,000 rpm for 30 min. They had acidic pH (4.4-5.1), considered acceptable for skin application, especially in skin face. The DPPH measurement revealed that the formulation had potential antioxidant activity with %SCV more than 80% at 100 µg/mL. In conclusion, topical o/w cream containing extract was successfully prepared with substantial antioxidant activity and was displayed a potential use in cosmetic formulations, especially antiaging products

Deviation of Body Weight Estimation using Lambourne Formula Against Aceh Bull’s Actual Body Weight

This study aims to determine the percentage of body weight deviation of Aceh bull using the Lambourne formula and compared to the actual weight of Aceh bull. The sample used in this study was 50 Aceh bull aged 2-2.5 years in BPTU-HPT Indrapuri Aceh. The parameters observed were Body Length (BL), Chest Circumference (CC), and Body Weight (BW). BL measurement procedure was conducted by measuring the distance between the lateral humeral tuberculum to the ischiadium tuberculum using a measuring stick. CC was measured by encircling the chest cavity which is behind the shoulder bone joint (os scapula) using measuring tape. BW measurement procedure was carried out in two ways, first with digital livestock scales and second with Lambourne formula. The percentage of body weight deviation of Aceh bull using Lambourne formula to the actual’s Aceh bull body weight was 3.41% with regression equation was Y = -350.30 + 2.27x1 + 2.06x2

Histology of Watersnake (Enhydris Enhydris) Digestive System

This research aimed to study the histology of the digestive system of the watersnake (Enhydris enhydris). The digestive system taken was the esophagus, stomach, frontal small intestine and the back of the large intestine from three watersnakes. The samples were then made into histological preparations with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and observed exploratively. The results showed that the digestive system of the watersnake was composed of layers of tissue, namely the mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis, and serous tunica. Mucosal mucosa consisted of the lamina epithelium, lamina propria, and mucous lamina muscularis. The submucosal tunica consisted of connective tissue with blood vessels, lymph, and nerves. The muscular tunica was composed of circular muscles and elongated muscles. The serous tunica consisted of a thin layer of connective tissue that was covered by a thin layer of the mesothelium (mesothelium). The histological structure of the snake digestive system is not much different from the reptile digestive system. However, in the small intestine of the snake, Brunner, and liberkhun glands are not found. Lamina epithelial in the small intestine of the snake is composed of the layered cylindrical epithelium

Histology of Watersnake (

Rainbow watersnake is a snake that can be found in ponds, has a relatively medium body, a maximum length of 80 cm, generally between 50-60 cm, small-headed, a rather large belly, and short-tailed. The aim of this study is to determine the structure of the histology of the lungs of watersnake (Enhydris enhydris). This study used a sample of 3 watersnakes (Enhydris enhydris) with a body length of ± 50 cm. This study conducted a micro technical method with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Data obtained from the results of this study were analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of images. Macroscopic observations of the warp in snakes are long, most of the trachea attaches to the warp, and there are water sacs or swimming pouches at the tip of the warp, as well as the histological features of the snakes' warp, alveolar ducts, alveolar sac and alveoli, the histological structure of the lungs in watersnakes (Enhydris enhydris) consist of type 1 alveoli epithelial cells, type 2 alveoli cells, muscle bundles, connective tissue, capillary vessels, and macrophage cells. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the histological structure of the watersnake (Enhydris enhydris) lung is different from the histological structure of the reptile function in general. In the lungs of watersnakes (Enhydris enhydris) only consists of alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli, and the presence of water sacs at the ends of the lungs

The correlation between spermatozoa morphometry and the testosterone levels in the epididymis of aceh cow

The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between spermatozoa morphometry and testosterone concentration in the epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda of aceh cattle. The epididymal sperm swab slides were stained using Williams's staining to examined the morphology and morphometry of spermatozoa whereas the level of testosterone from epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda extract was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data of sperm morphology were presented descriptively whereas the data of sperm morphometry and testosterone concentration were analyzed using one way ANOVA. Pearson correlation test was conducted to know the correlation between the total length of spermatozoa (TLS) and testosterone concentration in three parts of epididymis. The result showed that the sperm morphology in caput, corpus, and cauda of epididymis was not different statistically. The TLS of aceh cattle at caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis were 69,70±0,8 µm, 70,90±0.39 µm, and 72,98±0.74 µm respectively and statistically different (p0.05). The positive correlation (r= 0.413, p= 0.416) was found between TLS and testosterone concentration at caput whereas in corpus and cauda those correlation were negative and not different (corpus: r= -0.638, p= 0.172 and cauda: r= -0.719, p= 0,108). In conclusion, the longest-sized spermatozoa found in the cauda epididymis are mature spermatozoa where the maturation process optimally takes place in caput epididymis. Testosterone found in the epididymis of aceh cow can be used as an alternative source of testosterone