IMPACTO DA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE IDOSOS

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome, characterized by hyperglycemia, which in the long term promotes lesions in several target organs. The elderly are greatly affected by the disease and chronic non-communicable diseases generated by it, as these conditions compromise the quality of life. The present study aims to demonstrate the factors generated by DM2 that interfere in the quality of life of the elderly. This is an integrative literature review study. The databases Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs and BD-Enf were used, using the descriptors: "Quality of Life", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Aged" and "Risk Factors". Included studies published in Portuguese, Spanish and English, between 2018 and 2023, available in full, free of charge, studies were stipulated that presented as target audience (elderly). 81 publications were identified, only 12 articles were included because they were related to the theme. Elderly people who live with the disease for a long time and who have more advanced age, suffer more from the injuries caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus, which affect the body, mind, social relationships, that is, have a direct impact on the quality of life of the elderly. It is concluded that it is important to understand the impacts that affect the quality of life of the elderly with DM2, in order to offer individuals strategies for a life with higher quality, such as acceptance and adequacy of treatment for each case.La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) es un síndrome metabólico, caracterizado por hiperglucemia, que a largo plazo promueve lesiones en varios órganos diana. Los ancianos se ven muy afectados por la enfermedad y las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles generadas por ella, ya que estas condiciones comprometen la calidad de vida. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo demostrar los factores generados por la DM2 que interfieren en la calidad de vida de los ancianos. Este es un estudio de revisión de la literatura integradora. Se utilizaron las bases de datos Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs y BD-Enf, utilizando los descriptores: "Calidad de Vida", "Diabetes Mellitus, Tipo 2", "Anciana" y "Factores de Riesgo". Se incluyeron estudios publicados en portugués, español e inglés, entre 2018 y 2023, disponibles en su totalidad, de forma gratuita, se estipularon estudios que se presentaron como público objetivo (ancianos). Se identificaron 81 publicaciones, solo se incluyeron 12 artículos porque estaban relacionados con el tema. Las personas mayores que viven con la enfermedad durante mucho tiempo y que tienen una edad más avanzada, sufren más las lesiones causadas por la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, que afectan el cuerpo, la mente, las relaciones sociales, es decir, tienen un impacto directo en la calidad de vida de los ancianos. Se concluye que es importante comprender los impactos que afectan la calidad de vida de los ancianos con DM2, con el fin de ofrecer a los individuos estrategias para una vida de mayor calidad, como la aceptación y adecuación del tratamiento para cada caso.O Diabete Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma síndrome metabólica, caracterizada por hiperglicemia, que em longo prazo promove lesões em diversos órgãos-alvo. Idosos são bastante afetados pela doença e agravos crônicos não transmissíveis gerados por ela, pois essas condições comprometem a qualidade de vida. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar os fatores gerados pela DM2 que interferem na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura. Foi utilizada, as bases de dados Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs e BD-Enf, usando os descritores: "Quality of Life", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Aged" e "Risk Factors". Incluídos estudos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, entre 2018 e 2023, disponíveis na íntegra, gratuitamente, estipulou-se estudos que apresentassem como público-alvo (idosos). Foram identificadas 81 publicações, apenas 12 artigos foram incluídos por se relacionarem a temática. Idosos que convivem com a doença por muito tempo e que possuem idade mais avançada, sofrem mais com os agravos ocasionados pela diabetes mellitus tipo 2, que afetam o corpo, mente, as relações sociais, ou seja, tem impacto direto na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Conclui-se que é importante compreender os impactos que afetam a qualidade de vida dos idosos portadores de DM2, para oferecer aos indivíduos estratégias para uma vida com mais qualidade, como aceitação e adequação do tratamento para cada caso.O Diabete Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma síndrome metabólica, caracterizada por hiperglicemia, que em longo prazo promove lesões em diversos órgãos-alvo. Idosos são bastante afetados pela doença e agravos crônicos não transmissíveis gerados por ela, pois essas condições comprometem a qualidade de vida. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar os fatores gerados pela DM2 que interferem na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura. Foi utilizada, as bases de dados Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs e BD-Enf, usando os descritores: "Quality of Life", "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "Aged" e "Risk Factors". Incluídos estudos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, entre 2018 e 2023, disponíveis na íntegra, gratuitamente, estipulou-se estudos que apresentassem como público-alvo (idosos). Foram identificadas 81 publicações, apenas 12 artigos foram incluídos por se relacionarem a temática. Idosos que convivem com a doença por muito tempo e que possuem idade mais avançada, sofrem mais com os agravos ocasionados pela diabetes mellitus tipo 2, que afetam o corpo, mente, as relações sociais, ou seja, tem impacto direto na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Conclui-se que é importante compreender os impactos que afetam a qualidade de vida dos idosos portadores de DM2, para oferecer aos indivíduos estratégias para uma vida com mais qualidade, como aceitação e adequação do tratamento para cada caso

Larval dispersal and predation in experimental populations of Chrysomya albiceps and Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

In this study we investigated the larval dispersal associated with larval predation in experimental populations of Chrysomya albiceps and Cochliomyia macellaria. Frequency distribution of sampling units (G test) in the substrate was used to evaluate variation in larval dispersal. An experimental acrylic channel (1 x 0.1 x 0.2 m) covered with wood shavings was used to observe larval dispersal prior to pupation. The acrylic channel was graduated at 0.05 m intervals, each representing a sampling unit; hence, 20 sampling units were set up. A Petri dish containing third instar larvae of single and double species was deposited at one edge of the acrylic channel allowing larvae to disperse. The number of buried pupae (0, 1, 2, n) present in each sampling unit was recorded. For double species, the number of recovered larvae of C. albiceps was similar to the number initially released on the dish Petri. on the other hand, the number of recovered larvae of C. macellaria was significantly smaller than the initially released number. The results show that C. albiceps attacks C. macellaria larvae during the larval dispersal process. The larval distribution of C. albiceps did not differ significantly from C. macellaria in double species, but it differed significantly in single species. The larval aggregation level of C. macellaria decreased when C. albiceps was present and the larval aggregation level of C. albiceps increased when C. macellaria was present. The implications of such findings for the population dynamics of these species are discussed

Larval Dispersal and Predation in Experimental Populations of Chrysomya albiceps and Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

In this study we investigated the larval dispersal associated with larval predation in experimental populations of Chrysomya albiceps   and Cochliomyia macellaria   . Frequency distribution of sampling units (G test) in the substrate was used to evaluate variation in larval dispersal. An experimental acrylic channel (1 x 0.1 x 0.2 m) covered with wood shavings was used to observe larval dispersal prior to pupation. The acrylic channel was graduated at 0.05 m intervals, each representing a sampling unit; hence, 20 sampling units were set up. A Petri dish containing third instar larvae of single and double species was deposited at one edge of the acrylic channel allowing larvae to disperse. The number of buried pupae (0, 1, 2, n) present in each sampling unit was recorded. For double species, the number of recovered larvae of C. albiceps was similar to the number initially released on the dish Petri. On the other hand, the number of recovered larvae of C. macellaria was significantly smaller than the initially released number. The results show that C. albiceps attacks C. macellaria larvae during the larval dispersal process. The larval distribution of C. albiceps did not differ significantly from C. macellaria in double species, but it differed significantly in single species. The larval aggregation level of C. macellaria decreased when C. albiceps was present and the larval aggregation level of C. albiceps increased when C. macellaria was present. The implications of such findings for the population dynamics of these species are discussed

Mapping of the conserved antigenic domains shared between potato apyrase and parasite ATP diphosphohydrolases: potential application in human parasitic diseases

Evolutionary and closer structural relationships are demonstrated by phylogenetic analysis, peptide prediction and molecular modelling between Solanum tuberosum apyrase, Schistosoma mansoni SmATPase 2 and Leishmania braziliensis NDPase. Specific protein domains are suggested to be potentially involved in the immune response, and also seem to be conserved during host and parasite co-evolution. Significant IgG antibody reactivity was observed in sera from patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) and schistosomiasis using potato apyrase as antigen in ELISA. S. mansoni adult worm or egg, L. braziliensis promastigote (Lb) and Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote (EPI) have ATP diphosphohydrolases, and antigenic preparations of them were evaluated. In ACL patients, IgG seropositivity was about 43% and 90% for Lb and potato apyrase, respectively, while IgM was lower (<19%) for both. In schistosomiasis patients IgM (>40%) or IgG (100%) seropositivity for both soluble egg (SEA) and adult worm (SWAP) antigens was higher than that found for potato apyrase (IgM=10%; IgG=39%). In Chagas disease, IgG seropositivity for EPI and potato apyrase was 97% and 17%, respectively, while the IgM was low (3%) for both antigens. The study of the conserved domains from both parasite proteins and potato apyrase could lead to the development of new drug targets or molecular markers