« Géomorphosites »

Fruit d’une collaboration entre le comité éditorial de la revue Dynamiques Environnementales et la Commission du patrimoine géomor-phologique du Comité National Français de Géographie (CNFG), un cahier « Géomorphosites » est inauguré dans le présent numéro de la revue, faisant suite à la rubrique « Les géosites », et en écho à certains numéros récents fortement marqués par la thématique géopatrimoniale : n° 31 (2013) ; n° 34 (2015) ; n° 35 (2016). Les lignes qui suivent sont destinées à prése..

« Géomorphosites »

Fruit d’une collaboration entre le comité éditorial de la revue Dynamiques Environnementales et la Commission du patrimoine géomor-phologique du Comité National Français de Géographie (CNFG), un cahier « Géomorphosites » est inauguré dans le présent numéro de la revue, faisant suite à la rubrique « Les géosites », et en écho à certains numéros récents fortement marqués par la thématique géopatrimoniale : n° 31 (2013) ; n° 34 (2015) ; n° 35 (2016). Les lignes qui suivent sont destinées à prése..

Integrated Water Resource Management : what challenges and opportunities for the Regional Nature Parks of the South-East France ? Experimentation of a reflection companion device in the Park of Luberon

Alors qu’à l’échelle globale la répartition et la concurrence des usages de l’eau mettent cette ressource « sous pression » (Académie de l’eau, 2008), les évolutions sociodémographiques, économiques et climatiques en cours dans les Parcs naturels régionaux (PNR) du Sud- Est de la France, induisent, depuis les dernières décennies, une pression croissante sur la ressource susceptible de remettre en question la pérennité et la qualité de l’approvisionnement en eau. Dans ce contexte, certains de ces territoires ont lancé, depuis quelques années, en partenariat avec le Groupement des Amis des Parcs naturels régionaux du Sud- Est, une politique volontariste de gestion de la ressource en eau, pour répondre à la fois aux objectifs de protection de la ressource et de développement local, inhérents à leur charte et à la dimension sociale et institutionnelle de la Gestion intégrée des ressources en eau (GIRE). Cette volonté se concrétise, depuis 2013, par la réalisation d’une thèse CIFRE (Convention industrielle de formation par la recherche) permettant ainsi d’engager une démarche de recherche appliquée sur la dimension participative de la gestion intégrée de l’eau dans les PNR du Sud-Est. Cet article a pour vocations de montrer les enjeux du travail de thèse en cours vis-à-vis de l’engagement des PNR du Sud-Est en matière de gestion intégrée de l’eau, de donner un aperçu des premiers résultats et analyses, et de montrer comment le PNR du Luberon s’est positionné en territoire pilote pour expérimenter des outils de modélisation participative pour accompagner le contrat de gestion du bassin-versant du Largue et de la Laye.While water seems apparently abundant on the global scale, the resource is increasingly threatened and « under pressure » because of the unequal distribution and the multiplication of competing and conflicting uses. (Académie de l’Eau, 2008). The Regional Nature Parks of the South-East France have to cope with a growing pressure on the water resource due to the demographic, economic and climatic changes of the last decades. In this context, these territories have launched, in recent years, a proactive program on water resources management in partnership with the “Friends of the South East’s Parks Association”. The main purpose of this program is to help the parks to achieve their goals about resource protection and local development and to develop the social and institutional dimension of the integrated water resource Management concept (IWRM). This has been strengthened since 2013 by the establishment of a PhD Thesis which initiates a process of applied research on the participatory dimension of IWRM. The main objectives of this paper are to show the PhD issues related to the commitment of regional french parks about IWRM, to provide an overview and analysis of the first results and to show how the Park of Luberon is acting as a pilot area to experiment participatory modeling tools to support the Largue and Laye basin management plan

The Concepts of Heritage and Heritage Resource Applied to Karsts: Protecting the Choranche Caves (Vercors, France)

In 2005, French Ministry of Ecology started procedure to inscribe 18 Caves of Chorance into the World Heritage list of UNESCO. The application has to answer to three objectives: the scientific interest, definition of the territory, and to propose the management model. For the first all the heritage sources has to be identified, such as flowstone formations, karst water objects and historical curiosities. This are very important and sensitive questions specially because they have been not answered before the procedure of the inscription started off

Particularidades do património geomorfológico no contexto da geoconservação

Apresentam-se as características que distinguem o património geomorfológico no contexto das estratégias de geoconservação e que determinam especificidades metodológicas relacionadas com as suas identificação, avaliação e gestão. O património geomorfológico é parte fundamental do património geológico, o qual corresponde à componente abiótica do património natural. É constituído por formas do relevo e processos ativos que, devido ao seu elevado valor científico, devem ser protegidos de degradação natural e antrópica. Estes elementos da geodiversidade desempenham um papel fundamental no conhecimento da história da Terra, podendo ter igualmente fortes conexões com a biodiversidade e com elementos culturais. Nestes contextos, podem constituir serviços ecossistémicos de suporte a habitats e espécies ou integrar componentes culturais com valor patrimonial, em grande parte determinados pelo contexto geomorfológico em que estão inseridos. Contudo, as características que mais diferenciam o património geomorfológico de outros tipos de património geológico estão relacionadas com a estética, a dinâmica e a escala. Estas especificidades podem influenciar e condicionar a seleção de locais em procedimentos de inventariação, a definição de critérios em metodologias de avaliação quantitativa e a própria gestão dos geossítios ao nível de ações de conservação, de promoção e de monitorização. Entre os diferentes tipos de geossítios, os geomorfossítios são frequentemente os mais espetaculares e populares. Quedas de água, desfiladeiros, montanhas ou praias, por exemplo, contribuem para paisagens visualmente atraentes que despertam elevado interesse e atraem a atenção das pessoas. A beleza do cenário natural, que resulta fundamentalmente da combinação de geoformas com diferentes tamanhos, formas, origens e idades tem esse poder de atratividade, ao mesmo tempo que desempenha um papel importante em ações de educação ambiental e de geoturismo. De igual forma, é nos geomorfossítios onde melhor podemos observar processos geológicos ativos. O património geológico é muitas vezes entendido pelo público como algo estático e de cariz museológico. Contudo, grande parte dos geomorfossítios apresentam uma dinâmica elevada, sendo mesmo possível observar mudanças significativas em períodos reduzidos. Ao mesmo tempo, podem conter registos de processos do passado, os quais ocorreram sob condições ambientais significativamente diferentes. A escala é um tópico muito relevante no âmbito do património geomorfológico, podendo as geoformas variar muito nas suas dimensões espacial e temporal. A dimensão espacial tem particular relevância em questões de avaliação e de gestão, na medida em que as geoformas podem ocorrer como elementos isolados, em grupos restritos ou em grandes áreas, influenciando o modo como se selecionam e comparam os locais e se implementam ações de conservação e de divulgação. As particularidades do património geomorfológico no contexto do património geológico e das estratégias de geoconservação estiveram na base da criação, em 2001, do grupo de trabalho “Geomorphosites” da Associação Internacional de Geomorfólogos (IAG), cujas atividades científicas se têm centrado na discussão de metodologias para avaliação e cartografia de geomorfossítios e para a promoção do património geomorfológico no âmbito da educação ambiental e do geoturismo

Cave and Karst evolution in the Alps and their relation to paleoclimate and paleotopography

Progress in the understanding of cave genesis processes, as well as the intensive research carried out in the Alps during the last decades, permit to summarize the latest knowledge about Alpine caves. The phreatic parts of cave systems develop close to the karst water table, which depends on the spring position, which in turn is generally related to the valley bottom. Thus, caves are directly linked with the geomorphic evolution of the surface and reflect valley deepening. The sediments deposited in the caves help to reconstruct the morphologic succession and the paleoclimatic evolution. Moreover, they are the only means to date the caves and thus the landscape evolution. Caves appear as soon as there is an emersion of limestone from the sea and a water table gradient. Mesozoic and early tertiary paleokarsts within the alpine range prove of these ancient emersions. Hydrothermal karst seems to be more widespread than previously presumed. This is mostly due to the fact that usually, hydrothermal caves are later reused (and reshaped) by meteoric waters

InterGEO: a digital platform for university education on geomorphological heritage

The project InterGEO was carried out with the objective to disseminate knowledge on geomorphological heritage by developing a digital learning platform. It aims at improving students' autonomy by the reduction of face-to-face teaching and increasing autonomous learning as well as promoting international interactions between students interested in geomorphological heritage. A completely free-access virtual course on geomorphosites was developed with the Learning Management System Moodle. The course is divided into 24 thematic chapters, each of them containing a short description, a list of references and selected publications, as well as other educational material (videos, virtual fieldtrips, etc.). In particular, several videos allow presenting in a dynamic way concepts and examples. The paper presents the tool and its use in academic programmes in six European universities, where it was tested, in various contexts (Bachelors' and Masters' programmes; students in geography or geology; general courses in geomorphology and specific courses on geoheritage and geoconservation), before discussing the advantages and challenges the tool is facing. The InterGEO platform is an easy-to-use and friendly educational tool, which allows developing blended learning activities; it is flexible and adaptable in various learning contexts.The coordination tasks (appointment of an assistant) and two workshops in Lausanne were financed by the University of Lausanne (Teaching Innovation Fund and Investment Fund of the Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, FGSE). The videos were designed and created with support of the universities of Lausanne (TIF) and Savoie Mont Blanc (IDEFI Promising and ReflexPro; LabEx ITEM)

Karstology and development challenges on karst. I -Water, par M. Knez, M. Petric et T. Slabe (Eds), 2011

Hobléa Fabien. Karstology and development challenges on karst. I -Water, par M. Knez, M. Petric et T. Slabe (Eds), 2011. In: Karstologia : revue de karstologie et de spéléologie physique, n°58, 2e semestre 2011. Fantômisation des calcaires lutétiens (Bassin de Paris) pp. 60-61

Karsts et Geoparks : un mariage heureux

Le karst est déjà bien représenté au sein de la liste du Patrimoine Mondial de l'UNESCO (Chine du sud, Parc de Gunun Mulu en Malaisie, Tsingy de Behamara à Madagascar, Parc de Phang Nah au Viet Nam, Parc de Durmitor au Monténégro, de la Nahanni au Canada...). Mais il se retrouve également dans de nombreux Geoparks, autre label territorial supporté par l'UNESCO, plus récent et moins connu (du moins en France), que nous nous proposons de présenter ici au regard de ses développements dans les régions karstiques.Hobléa Fabien. Karsts et Geoparks : un mariage heureux. In: Karstologia : revue de karstologie et de spéléologie physique, n°59, 1er semestre 2012. Karst et fantômes de roche. pp. 57-59