42 research outputs found
Dynamic configuration of the CMS Data Acquisition cluster
The CMS Data Acquisition cluster, which runs around 10000 applications, is configured dynamically at run time. XML configuration documents determine what applications are executed on each node and over what networks these applications communicate. Through this mechanism the DAQ System may be adapted to the required performance, partitioned in order to perform (test-) runs in parallel, or re-structured in case of hardware faults. This paper presents the CMS DAQ Configurator tool, which is used to generate comprehensive configurations of the CMS DAQ system based on a high-level description given by the user. Using a database of configuration templates and a database containing a detailed model of hardware modules, data and control links, nodes and the network topology, the tool automatically determines which applications are needed, on which nodes they should run, and over which networks the event traffic will flow. The tool computes application parameters and generates the XML configuration documents as well as the configuration of the run-control system. The performance of the tool and operational experience during CMS commissioning and the first LHC runs are discussed
Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly
Epidemiology of infection by hepatitis B virus in rural settlement in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Central
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Previous issue date: 2013-12-09Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been responsible for the largest number of
chronic hepatitis illness throughout the world as well as its sequelae: cirrhosis and
hepatocellular carcinoma. In Brazil, a low endemic country for hepatitis B, the most of
the information on this infection has been limited to urban populations. Data about
hepatitis B epidemiology in rural settlement are rare. Thus, the aim of this study was
to investigate the epidemiological profile of hepatitis B virus infection in individuals
living in a rural settlement (Itamarati I) from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Initially a
cross-sectional study was carried out. Then HBV susceptible individuals were
vaccinated against HBV and their vaccine response were evaluated. Participants
were recruited following a random selection of their families. All family member aged
≥ 2 years who agreed to take part into the study was recruited by signing an
Informed Consent Form. Then, 10-ml-blood sample was taken for detecting HBV
markers: HBsAg, anti-HBs and total anti-HBc by using commercial kits. HBsAg
positive samples were retested for HBeAg and anti-Hbe markers. Hepatitis B
vaccine was offered to all individuals who were identified as susceptible to infection,
and quantitative detection of anti-HBs was measured after the third vaccine dose.
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences – SPSS for Window 15.0 was used for
processing and analyzing data. The present project was approved by the Ethics
Committee from Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS. Of all
participants, 54.4% were female. The majority (59.7%) were up to 40 years old,
62.7% were married and 78.3% self-declared white. Serological markers of HBV
infection were identified in 110 settlers, resulting in an overall prevalence of 24.1%
(95% CI: 20.4 to 28.2). Twelve subjects (2.6%) were HBsAg-positive. In 139 (30.5%)
individuals were detected only anti-HBs, suggesting previous vaccination. Multiple
regression analysis showed that age, social movements and sharing personal
hygiene objects were independently associated to HBV. HBV DNA was found in four
samples, being classified as genotypes D (3/4) and A (1/4). From those 207
individuals identified as susceptible to HBV infection, 84 received the first vaccine
dose, but only 44 complied with the full vaccine regimen. In 28 of them (63.6%)
vaccine response was evaluated, and 57.1% showed protective anti-HBs titers. The
results of the present study show a high prevalence of hepatitis B in the settlers
studied, compared to the urban population in the Midwest Region, and difficulties for
vaccination against hepatitis B in this population. These findings ratify the need of the
relationship between agricultural and health services and leaders of social
movements of settlers for the creation and implementation of health strategies
specific to this slice of rural Brazil.A infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) é ainda hoje responsável pelo maior
número de casos em todo mundo de doença hepática crônica e suas seqüelas:
cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular. No Brasil, um país considerado de baixa
endemicidade para hepatite B, a maioria das informações sobre esta infecção tem
se limitado a populações urbanas. Dados sobre a epidemiologia da hepatite B em
populações rurais são raros. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o perfil
epidemiológico da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B em indivíduos assentados do
Assentamento Itamarati I, Mato Grosso do Sul. Inicialmente, realizou-se um estudo
transversal, e a seguir, formou-se uma coorte de indivíduos suscetíveis ao HBV para
vacinação contra hepatite B e avaliação da resposta vacinal. Os participantes foram
recrutados por meio de sorteio aleatório simples de suas famílias. Em cada domicílio
foram entrevistados todos os membros da família com idade ≥ dois anos que
concordaram em participar do estudo mediante a assinatura do Termo de
Consentimento Livre Esclarecido. Em seguida foram coletados 10 mL de sangue,
para a detecção dos marcadores sorológicos do HBV: HBsAg, anti-HBs e anti-HBc
Total, utilizando-se kits comerciais. As amostras HBsAg reagentes foram retestadas
para os marcadores HBeAg e anti-HBe. A vacina contra hepatite B foi oferecida aos
indivíduos identificados como suscetíveis para hepatite B, e a detecção quantitativa
do anti-HBs foi realizada após a terceira dose da vacina. Para o processamento e
análise dos dados, foi empregado o pacote estatístico SPSS for Windows versão
15.0. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Universidade Federal de Mato
Grosso do Sul – UFMS. Do total de participantes, 54,4% era do sexo feminino. A
maioria possuía até 40 anos de idade (59,7%), casada/união consensual (62,7%) e
se auto-declarou de cor branca (78,3%). Os marcadores sorológicos da infecção
pelo HBV foram identificados em 110 assentados, resultando em uma prevalência
global de 24,1% (IC 95%: 20,4 - 28,2). Doze indivíduos (2,6%) foram HBsAg
positivos. Em 139 assentados (30,5%) detectou-se apenas o anti-HBs, sugerindo
vacinação prévia. A análise de regressão múltipla revelou que idade, movimentos
sociais e compartilhamento de objetos de higiene pessoal foram independentemente
associados ao HBV. Entre as amostras reagentes para o HBsAg, o HBV DNA foi
detectado em quatro, sendo identificado os genótipos D (3/4) e A (1/4). Dos 207
indivíduos identificados como susceptíveis a hepatite, 84 receberam a primeira dose
da vacina e apenas 44 completaram o esquema vacinal. Destes 28 (63,6%)
realizaram o anti-HBs quantitativo, dos quais 57,1% foram respondedores a vacina.
Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam uma elevada prevalência para hepatite B
nos assentados estudados, comparados a população urbana do Centro-Oeste, e
dificuldades para a vacinação contra a hepatite B nesta população; sinalizando,
assim, a necessidade da articulação entre serviços agrários e de saúde com
lideranças de movimentos sociais de assentados para a criação e implantação de
estratégias de saúde específicas para essa fatia da população rural brasileira
Bacteremia por Rhodococcus equi em paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida: relato de caso
Rhodococcus equi é um importante agente de infecções zoonóticas, podendo causar sérias infecções em humanos, principalmente em pacientes imunocomprometidos. Neste estudo, nós relatamos o caso de uma bacteremia fatal devido a Rhodococcus equi em paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV positivo)