1,314 research outputs found
The sea anemone Bunodactis octoradiata (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from southern Patagonia: morphological study and new records
Bunodactis Verril, 1899 comprises at present 19 nominal species of sea anemones. The validity of the genus is under discussion. The description of the species, Bunodactis octoradiata Carlgren, 1899, is insufficient for reliable identification, and although subsequent works have provided additional information on the species, its description still needs to be complemented. Herein we describe B. octoradiata based on histological sections of the internal anatomy, and give a complete and detailed description of the external anatomy. The cnidom is composed of spirocysts, basitrichs and microbasic p-mastigophores; their distribution in the organism, sizes and relative abundances are provided. The presence of zooxanthellae is reported for the first time. Bunodactis octoradiata is distributed in groups that vary from 5.6 to 45 ind./m2 in the field. Additionally, our data extends the distribution of the species along the coast of southern Patagonia (47°44'36"-49°15'13"S and 65°50'26"-67°39'45"W).Fil: Garese, Agustin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Longo, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Martin, Juan Pablo. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Unidad Academica San Julian; ArgentinaFil: Acuña, Fabian Horacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin
Influence of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy on Bone Homeostasis
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)/AIDS pandemic represents the most significant global health challenge in modern history. This infection leads toward an inflammatory state associated with chronic immune dysregulation activation that tilts the immune-skeletal interface and its deep integration between cell types and cytokines with a strong influence on skeletal renewal and exacerbated bone loss...Fil: Delpino, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de InmunologĂa, GenĂ©tica y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de InmunologĂa, GenĂ©tica y Metabolismo; ArgentinaFil: Quarleri, Jorge Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin
Influence of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy on Bone Homeostasis
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)/AIDS pandemic represents the most significant global health challenge in modern history. This infection leads toward an inflammatory state associated with chronic immune dysregulation activation that tilts the immune-skeletal interface and its deep integration between cell types and cytokines with a strong influence on skeletal renewal and exacerbated bone loss...Fil: Delpino, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de InmunologĂa, GenĂ©tica y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de InmunologĂa, GenĂ©tica y Metabolismo; ArgentinaFil: Quarleri, Jorge Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin
Molecular mechanisms implicated in SARS-CoV-2 liver tropism
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acuterespiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hepatic involvement iscommon in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. It is currently accepted that thedirect and indirect hepatic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection play a significant rolein COVID-19. In individuals with pre-existing infectious and non-infectious liverdisease, who are at a remarkably higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 anddeath, this pathology is most medically relevant. This review emphasizes thecurrent pathways regarded as contributing to the gastrointestinal and hepaticailments linked to COVID-19-infected patients due to an imbalanced interactionamong the liver, systemic inflammation, disrupted coagulation, and the lung.Fil: Quarleri, Jorge Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Delpino, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin
SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis: Imbalance in the Renin-Angiotensin System Favors Lung Fibrosis
After SARS-CoV-2 infection, a major complication of those who survived to COVID-19 outbreak is the development of severe lung disease leading to pulmonary fibrosis. At earliest step of virus-host cell interaction when the SARS-CoV-2 interacts with the ACE2 receptor highly expressed in pneumocytes type II, a linkage is established between the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) and the viral pathogenesis. Within this important system, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is deputed to the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (AngII), a potent vasoconstrictive peptide involved directly in inflammation and fibrosis development. AngII is hydrolyzed by ACE2 to Ang1-7, triggering a cascade of events that counteract fibrosis. This imbalance is known to be due to inflammatory damage. However, because ACE2 is the receptor for SARS-Cov-2, we could also speculate that the virus per se could modulate its enzymatic activity. In our opinion the wound healing pathways that mediate tissue repair after SARS-CoV-2 mediated injury, should consider managing the imbalanced ACE/ACE2 axis. We hypothesize that the heptapeptide Ang1-7 could provide novel therapeutic interventions for pulmonary fibrosis patients. Understanding how the RAS, wound healing and other pro-fibrotic pathways act after viral infection should lead to novel therapeutics in the future.Fil: Delpino, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de InmunologĂa, GenĂ©tica y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de InmunologĂa, GenĂ©tica y Metabolismo; ArgentinaFil: Quarleri, Jorge Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin
SARS-CoV-2 interacts with renin-angiotensin system: impact on the central nervous system in elderly patients
SARS-CoV-2 is a recently identified coronavirus that causes the current pandemic disease known as COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor, suggesting that the initial steps of SARS-CoV-2 infection may have an impact on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Several processes are influenced by RAS in the brain. The neurological symptoms observed in COVID-19 patients, including reduced olfaction, meningitis, ischemic stroke, cerebral thrombosis, and delirium, could be associated with RAS imbalance. In this review, we focus on the potential role of disturbances in the RAS as a cause for central nervous system sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in elderly patients.Fil: Quarleri, Jorge Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Delpino, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones BiomĂ©dicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin
Search for alternate hosts of the coconut Cape Saint Paul Wilt Disease pathogen
Lethal Yellowing disease locally called Cape Saint Paul wilt disease (CSPWD) is the bane of the coconut industry in Ghana and is caused by a phytoplasma. In Ghana, there are areas where the disease has re-infected re-plantings long after decimating all the palms in the area. This brings to the fore the possibility of alternate hosts in the spread of the disease because the pathogen is an obligate parasite. In this work, a number of plants were screened for their host status to the CSPWD pathogen. The presence of phytoplasmas in these plants was tested by polymerase chain reaction analysis using universal phytoplasma primers P1/P7 and CSPWD-specific primers G813/GAKSR. Although Desmodium adscendens tested positive to the CSPWD-specific primers, cloning and sequencing did not confirm it as an alternate host. The identification of alternate hosts will help us to evolve sound control strategies against the spread of the disease. (Résumé d'auteur
A simply method for the addition of rotenone in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves
A simple and reproducible method for the treatment of Arabidopsis thalianaleaves with rotenone is presented. Rosette leaves were incubated with rotenone andTriton X-100 for at least 15 h. Treated leaves showed increased expression of COX19 and BCS1a, two genes known to be induced in Arabidopsis cell cultures afterrotenone treatment. Moreover, rotenone/Triton X-100 incubated leaves presented aninhibition of oxygen uptake. The simplicity of the procedure shows this methodology useful for studying the effect of the addition of rotenone to a photosynthetic tissue in situ.Fil: Maliandi, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones BiotecnolĂłgicas - Instituto TecnolĂłgico ChascomĂşs. Instituto de Investigaciones BiotecnolĂłgicas (sede ChascomĂşs); ArgentinaFil: Rius, Sebastian Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Centro de Estudios FotosintĂ©ticos y BioquĂmicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Busi, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Centro de Estudios FotosintĂ©ticos y BioquĂmicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Gomez Casati, Diego Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Centro de Estudios FotosintĂ©ticos y BioquĂmicos (i); Argentin
The Potential Role of a Hydrogen Network in Europe
Electricity transmission expansion has suffered many delays in Europe in
recent decades, despite its significance for integrating renewable electricity
into the energy system. A hydrogen network which reuses the existing fossil gas
network could not only help to supply demand for low-emission fuels, but could
also to balance variations in wind and solar energy across the continent and
thus avoid power grid expansion. We pursue this idea by varying the allowed
expansion of electricity and hydrogen grids in net-zero CO2 scenarios for a
sector-coupled and self-sufficient European energy system with high shares of
renewables. We cover the electricity, buildings, transport, agriculture, and
industry sectors across 181 regions and model every third hour of a year. With
this high spatio-temporal resolution, the model can capture bottlenecks in
transmission networks, the variability of demand and renewable supply, as well
as regional opportunities for the retrofitting of legacy gas infrastructure and
the development of geological hydrogen storage. Our results show consistent
system cost reductions with a pan-continental hydrogen network that connects
regions with low-cost and abundant renewable potentials to demand centres,
synthetic fuel production and cavern storage sites. Developing a hydrogen
network reduces system costs by up to 26 billion Euros per year (3.4%), with
the highest benefits when electricity grid reinforcements cannot be realised.
Between 64% and 69% of this network could be built from repurposed natural gas
pipelines. However, we find that hydrogen networks can only partially
substitute for power grid expansion. While the expansion of both networks
together can achieve the largest cost savings of 10%, the expansion of neither
is truly essential as long as higher costs can be accepted and regulatory
changes are made to manage grid bottlenecks.Comment: including supplementary materia
Polysaccharide-synthesizing Glycosyltransferases and Carbohydrate Binding Modules: the case of Starch Synthase III
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are a ubiquitous group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds. Nucleotide-sugars, lipid phosphate sugars and phosphate sugars can act as activated donor molecules while acceptor substrates involve carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, DNA and also, numerous small molecules (i. e. antibiotics, flavonols, steroids). GTs enzyme families are very ancient. They are founded in all the three domains of life and display three different folds (named GT-A, GTB and GT-C) which are a variant of a common α/β scaffold. In addition, several GTs contain an associated non-catalytic carbohydrate binding module (CBM) that could be critical for enzyme activity.This work reviews the current knowledge on the GTs structures and functions and highlights those enzymes that contain CBMs, particularly starch binding domains (SBDs). In addition, we also focus on A. thaliana starch synthase III enzyme, from the GT-5 family. This protein has a GT-B fold, and contains in its N-terminal region three in tandem SBDs, which are essential for the regulation of enzyme activity.Fil: Gomez Casati, Diego Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Centro de Estudios FotosintĂ©ticos y BioquĂmicos (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: MartĂn, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Centro de Estudios FotosintĂ©ticos y BioquĂmicos (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Busi, MarĂa Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Rosario. Centro de Estudios FotosintĂ©ticos y BioquĂmicos (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentin
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