3,6-Diphenyltetrazine as Cathode Active Material for Sodium Ion Batteries

3, 6-diphenyltetrazine (DPT) is an electron-deficient π-conjugated molecule with a perfectly planar structure and high crystallinity. In this study, discharge-charge tests of crystalline DPT as a cathode material for sodium ion batteries were conducted. DPT showed an initial reversible capacity of 102 mAh/g (theoretical capacity 114 mAh/g), corresponding to one electron reaction. The plateau of the discharge-charge profiles was observed at 1.9–2.1 V vs. Na/Na⁺. According to the ex-situ XRD, FT-IR, and XPS measurements to investigate the discharge-charge mechanism, the redox center was identified as the conjugated tetrazine ring. DPT was in a crystalline form in both the charged and discharged state and indicated the potential as a reversible Na ion host

赤芽球癆を合併したT-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia の一例

T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia は長期(6か月以上)にわたる末梢血中の著明な大顆粒リンパ球(large granular lymphocyte;以下,LGL)のモノクローナルな増加によって特徴づけられる疾患で,しばしば赤芽球癆を伴うことが知られている.今回,我々はHCV陽性肝硬変患者に赤芽球癆を合併したT-LGLの1例を経験した.末梢血および骨髄塗抹標本では細胞質内に微細なアズール顆粒を有し,核異型を示すリンパ球の増加がみられ,末梢血および骨髄のフローサイトメトリーおよび骨髄吸引クロット標本の免疫組織化学で,CD3,CD8,CD57陽性リンパ球の増加が確認された.骨髄細胞のPCRではTCRβの再構成を認めず,TCRγおよびTCRδの再構成がみられた.またプレドニゾロン治療にてCD57陽性リンパ球の減少および赤芽球造血の回復が確認されたことから,赤芽球癆を合併したγδT-LGLと診断した.最近,T-LGLにはSTAT3あるいはSTAT5bのSHドメインの遺伝子変異が高頻度にみられることが報告されているが,本症例においては,これらの遺伝子変異は確認できなかった.T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL) is characterized by marked increase of monoclonal large granular lymphocytes (LGL) in the peripheral blood over the long term (6 months or more). It has been reported about 20% cases of T-LGL cases are associated with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Here, we describe a case of T-LGL associated with PRCA. This case was characterized by increase in the number of CD3+,CD8+,CD57+, and granzyme B-positive lymphocytes with fine azurophilic cytoplasmic granules and nuclear atypia in peripheral blood and bone marrow. The patient was diagnosed havingγδT-LGL because T-cell receptor (TCR)γ and TCRδ gene but not TCRβ gene rearrangement was detected by the PCR of the bone marrow cells. Prednisolone administration decreased in number of the LGL cells, accompanying recover of erythropoiesis. Although somatic mutations in the Src homology 2 domain of STAT3 or STAT5b gene are reported in 70% percent of the T-LGL with PRCA, such STAT mutations could not be detected in this case

平成28年度「卒業研究」実践報告

今年度の卒業研究は、本校のSGHの取り組みと連動する形への移行期として、これまでの卒業研究の取り糾みに修正を加えて実施した。また、国際バカロレア「課題論文」(EE) の指導方法を参考に評価基準を設定することで、生徒がその基準に照らし合わせながら、研究論文を執筆できるようにした。SGHの「国際的に活躍できるグローバルリーダーの育成」の視点と総合学科の「生徒のキャリア教育」の視点を一体化させることで、総合学科ならではのSGH課題研究を行うことができる可能性があるということが明らかとなった

Reliable and Fast Allele-Specific Extension of 3\u27-LNA Modified Oligonucleotides Covalently Immobilized on a Plastic Base, Combined with Biotin-dUTP Mediated Optical Detection

In the present work, a convenient microarray SNP typing system has been developed using a plastic base that covalently immobilizes amino-modified oligonucleotides. Reliable SNP allele discrimination was achieved by using allelic specificity-enhanced enzymatic extension of immobilized oligonucleotide primer, with a locked nucleic acid (LNA) modification at the SNP-discriminating 3\u27-end nucleotide. Incorporation of multiple biotin-dUTP molecules during primer extension, followed by binding of alkaline phosphatase-conjugated streptavidin, allowed optical detection of the genotyping results through precipitation of colored alkaline phosphatase substrates onto the surface of the plastic base. Notably, rapid primer extension was demonstrated without a preliminary annealing step of double-stranded template DNA, allowing overall processes to be performed within a couple of hours. Simultaneous evaluation of three SNPs in the genes TGFB1, SOD2 and APEX1, previously investigated for association with radiation sensitivity, in 25 individuals has shown perfect assignment with data obtained by another established technique (Massarray system)

Novel Rhamnosyltransferase Involved in Biosynthesis of Serovar 4-Specific Glycopeptidolipid from Mycobacterium avium Complex▿

Glycopeptidolipids (GPLs) are one of the major glycolipid components present on the surface of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) that belong to opportunistic pathogens distributed in the natural environment. The serovars of MAC, up to around 30 types, are defined by the variable oligosaccharide portions of the GPLs. Epidemiological studies show that serovar 4 is the most prevalent type, and the prognosis of pulmonary disease caused by serovar 4 is significantly worse than that caused by other serovars. However, little is known about the biosynthesis of serovar 4-specific GPL, particularly the formation of the oligosaccharide portion that determines the properties of serovar 4. To investigate the biosynthesis of serovar 4-specific GPL, we focused on one segment that included functionally unknown genes in the GPL biosynthetic gene cluster of a serovar 4 strain. In this segment, a putative hemolytic protein gene, hlpA, and its downstream gene were found to be responsible for the formation of the 4-O-methyl-rhamnose residue, which is unique to serovar 4-specific GPL. Moreover, functional characterization of the hlpA gene revealed that it encodes a rhamnosyltransferase that transfers a rhamnose residue via 1→4 linkage to a fucose residue of serovar 2-specific GPL, which is a key pathway leading to the synthesis of oligosaccharide of serovar 4-specific GPL. These findings may provide clues to understanding the biological role of serovar 4-specific GPL in MAC pathogenicity and may also provide new insights into glycosyltransferase, which generates structural and functional diversity of GPLs