Research into fundamental phenomena associated with spacecraft electrochemical devices - Calorimetry of nickel-cadmium cells Progress report, 1 Jul. - 30 Sep. 1968

Training of electrochemist in battery research and collecting electrochemical and thermodynamic dat

Research into fundamental phenomena associated with spacecraft electrochemical devices, calorimetry of nickel-cadmium cells Progress report, 1 Oct. - 31 Dec. 1967

Calorimetry of nickel cadmium cells for spacecraft electrochemical system

Moving NRQCD for B Form Factors at High Recoil

We derive the continuum and lattice tree-level moving NRQCD (mNRQCD) through order 1/m^2. mNRQCD is a generalization of NRQCD for dealing with hadrons with nonzero velocity u_mu. The quark's total momentum is written as P^mu=Mu^mu+k^mu where k^mu << Mu^mu is discretized and Mu^mu is treated exactly. Radiative corrections to couplings on the lattice are discussed. mNRQCD is particularly useful for calculating B->pi and B->D form factors since errors are similar at low and high recoil.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, Lattice2002(heavyquark

Do stronger intellectual property rights increase international technology transfer? Empirical evidence from U.S. firm-level panel data

One of the alleged benefits of the recent global movement to strengthen intellectual property rights (IPRs) is that such reforms accelerate transfers of technology between countries. The paper examines how technology transfer among U.S. multinational firms changes in response to a series of IPR reforms undertaken by 12 countries over the 1982-99 period. The analysis of detailed firm-level data reveal that royalty payments for intangibles transferred to affiliates increase at the time of reforms, as do affiliate research and development (R&D) expenditures and total levels of foreign patent applications. Increases in royalty payments and R&D expenditures are more than 20 percent larger among affiliates of parent companies that use U.S. patents more extensively prior to reform and therefore are expected to value IPR reform most.Environmental Economics&Policies,ICT Policy and Strategies,Real&Intellectual Property Law,General Technology,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Real&Intellectual Property Law,ICT Policy and Strategies,General Technology,Education for the Knowledge Economy

“But, I Didn’t Mean to Hurt You”: Why the First Amendment Does Not Require Intent-to-Harm Provisions in Criminal “Revenge Porn” Laws

Free speech protection under the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is arguably one of the most essential rights that U.S. citizens hold. Since the founding of this country, a tension has existed between the government’s protection of free speech and an individual’s right to privacy. The Internet exacerbated this tension by providing an accessible avenue for the dissemination of private images for all to see. Nonconsensual pornography and “revenge porn” are at the epicenter of this issue. Today, one in twelve adults in the United States will become a victim of nonconsensual pornography during their lifetime. Despite the pervasive role of nonconsensual pornography in modern society, most existing state criminal laws are narrowly drawn and, as a result, fail to protect most victims from these devastating attacks. State efforts to pass statutes that provide more comprehensive protections to victims’ privacy are routinely frustrated by constitutional challenges under the First Amendment. This Note discusses the two most prominent types of criminal nonconsensual pornography laws—harassment-based statutes and privacy-based statutes— and explores the intersection between these laws and the First Amendment. This Note argues that, to sufficiently protect all victims of nonconsensual pornography, states must adopt privacy-based laws with no intent-to-harm provisions. Finally, this Note argues that these privacy-based statutes do not violate the Constitution, because they make permissible content-neutral restrictions on speech that should survive intermediate scrutiny when challenged under the First Amendment

A Dempster-Shafer Method for Multi-Sensor Fusion

The Dempster-Shafer Theory, a generalization of the Bayesian theory, is based on the idea of belief and as such can handle ignorance. When all of the required information is available, many data fusion methods provide a solid approach. Yet, most do not have a good way of dealing with ignorance. In the absence of information, these methods must then make assumptions about the sensor data. However, the real data may not fit well within the assumed model. Consequently, the results are often unsatisfactory and inconsistent. The Dempster-Shafer Theory is not hindered by incomplete models or by the lack of prior information. Evidence is assigned based solely on what is known, and nothing is assumed. Hence, it can provide a fast and accurate means for multi-sensor fusion with ignorance. In this research, we apply the Dempster-Shafer Theory in target tracking and in gait analysis. We also discuss the Dempster-Shafer framework for fusing data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor unit for precise local navigation. Within this application, we present solutions where GPS outages occur

Scour and fill in ephemeral streams

The classical concept that mean bed elevation over an entire stream reach is lowered by scour during flood-wave passage and is restored by deposition in the waning flood phase (mean-bed scour and fill) can be challenged. The alternative that both scour and fill occur concurrently at different migrating loci within a reach (local scour and fill) is more consistent with published field data. The field and laboratory investigations reported herein suggest that mean-bed scour and fill in a uniform channel is minor compared to local scour and fill caused by bedform migration, and that maximum local scour and fill may occur on the waning flood in some instances. The field experiment, utilizing a rectilinear array of buried maximum-scour indicators (scour-cords), produced data for contouring of maximum scour and fill in an ephemeral streambed during two floods. In the first flood, 24 em of scour and fill was measured for a bankfull flow depth of 23 cm. In the second, maximum scour and fill was at least 66 cm for a bankfull flow depth of 34 cm. Estimates of antidune amplitudes for the two floods, based on theoretical models and laboratory and field observations, are 28 to 64 cm and 48 to 97 cm, respectively. This indicates that all scour and fill measured by the scour-cord array could have been caused by antidune migration. Laboratory experiments were conducted in an 18 m-long open-circuit flume with automated sediment and water input-rate controls. A series of experiments in a 26.7 cm-wide sand-bed channel with rigid walls, at grade for a simulated flood patterned after those typical of ephemeral streams, showed that mean-bed scour and fill was less than 3 percent of local scour and fill. For these experiments, mean sand size was 0.3 mm, channel slope was .009, maximum water depth was 40 mm, maximum local scour and fill was 22 mm, and maximum mean-bed scour and fill was 0.6 mm. Maximum mean bed elevation variation was thus only two sand-grain diameters. Fill occurred at peak flow followed by scour to the pre-flood mean bed elevation on the waning flood. Maximum local scour and fill took place near the end of the simulated floods, when bedform amplitudes were the greatest. A series of simulated-flood experiments in a sand-bed channel with erodible sand banks showed scour and fill behavior qualitatively similar to that of the rigid-wall channel. Bank erosion, channel meandering, and braiding prevented quantitative scour and fill measurements in these alluvial-bank experiments. Measured flow and bedform parameters and scour and fill data derived from small laboratory scour-chains were compatible with those estimated from the theoretical model used in the field experiment