Biocontrol Potential of Forest Tree Endophytes

Peer reviewe

A case of cardiac arrest related to therapeutic use of metformin: Clinical and toxicological aspects

Metformin is a biguanide oral hypoglycaemic agent used for diabetes mellitus. A concurrent disease may induce acute renal failure leading to metformin accumulation. cause severe complications such as severe lactic acidosis by suppressing pyruvate carboxylase

Reply to Penelope A. McNulty and Emma F. Hodson-Tole

We have read the letter in response to our paper by McNulty and Hodson-Tole (2015) with great interest. The authors present some possible limits of the use of high-frequency ultrasound (US) to guide microneurography needle insertion. In particular, they state that the best point for needle insertion can be found faster with palpation or percutaneous electrical stimulation. We agree with the authors, but we might add that US may immediately depict the anatomical position of the nerve (in the visible tracts, note that the median nerve is visible in its entire course, from wrist to axilla, in 100% of normal subjects) (Bathala et al., 2014)

High-frequency ultrasound in guiding needle insertion for microneurography

The main purpose of our document is to add technical details to the procedure published in the study by Timothy B. Curry and Nisha Charkoudian (Curry and Charkoudian, 2011) focused on “the use of real-time ultrasound (US) in microneurography.” In the abovementioned paper, the authors report on real-time ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous microneurography. They conclude that microneurography, guided by images produced by an US probe, can become more powerful than the traditional procedure (Gandevia and Hales, 1997 and Bergenheim et al., 1999) for direct measurement of sympathetic neural activity in human peripheral nerves. However, in the paper, some useful important technical information is missing for repetition of the experiments: the exact probe frequency and especially the size (diameter) of the needle. In fact, the authors specify only the length of the needle and the frequency range of the probe

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA AND BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER ASSOCIATED WITH A MUTATION IN THE ANT1 GENE

The authors report on a family with dominantly inherited progressive external ophthalmoplegia and a diagnostic and statistical manual (fourth revised edition) diagnosis of bipolar psychiatric disorder in several members. Skeletal muscle biopsy from the proposita showed decreased cytochrome c oxidase staining, several ragged-red fibers, and multiple mtDNA deletions. The authors identified a missense mutation (leucine 98-->proline) in the adenine nucleotide translocator 1 gene. The presence of bipolar affective disorder expands the phenotype of adenine nucleotide translocator 1 allelic variants