Infrastructure for Detector Research and Development towards the International Linear Collider

The EUDET-project was launched to create an infrastructure for developing and testing new and advanced detector technologies to be used at a future linear collider. The aim was to make possible experimentation and analysis of data for institutes, which otherwise could not be realized due to lack of resources. The infrastructure comprised an analysis and software network, and instrumentation infrastructures for tracking detectors as well as for calorimetry.Comment: 54 pages, 48 picture

Non-AIDS defining cancers in the D:A:D Study-time trends and predictors of survival : a cohort study

BACKGROUND:Non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-positive individuals. Using data from a large international cohort of HIV-positive individuals, we described the incidence of NADC from 2004-2010, and described subsequent mortality and predictors of these.METHODS:Individuals were followed from 1st January 2004/enrolment in study, until the earliest of a new NADC, 1st February 2010, death or six months after the patient's last visit. Incidence rates were estimated for each year of follow-up, overall and stratified by gender, age and mode of HIV acquisition. Cumulative risk of mortality following NADC diagnosis was summarised using Kaplan-Meier methods, with follow-up for these analyses from the date of NADC diagnosis until the patient's death, 1st February 2010 or 6 months after the patient's last visit. Factors associated with mortality following NADC diagnosis were identified using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTS:Over 176,775 person-years (PY), 880 (2.1%) patients developed a new NADC (incidence: 4.98/1000PY [95% confidence interval 4.65, 5.31]). Over a third of these patients (327, 37.2%) had died by 1st February 2010. Time trends for lung cancer, anal cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma were broadly consistent. Kaplan-Meier cumulative mortality estimates at 1, 3 and 5 years after NADC diagnosis were 28.2% [95% CI 25.1-31.2], 42.0% [38.2-45.8] and 47.3% [42.4-52.2], respectively. Significant predictors of poorer survival after diagnosis of NADC were lung cancer (compared to other cancer types), male gender, non-white ethnicity, and smoking status. Later year of diagnosis and higher CD4 count at NADC diagnosis were associated with improved survival. The incidence of NADC remained stable over the period 2004-2010 in this large observational cohort.CONCLUSIONS:The prognosis after diagnosis of NADC, in particular lung cancer and disseminated cancer, is poor but has improved somewhat over time. Modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and low CD4 counts, were associated with mortality following a diagnosis of NADC

Kapitel 8: Niederlande

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Kapital 10: Niederlande

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REFLECTIVITY MEASUREMENTS OF SYNTHETIC MULTILAYERS IN THE 1-5 nm WAVELENGTH RANGE

La mesure de la réflectivité intégrée R de deux multicouches constituées de Tungstène et de Silicium a été effectuée dans le domaine des longueurs d'onde s'étendant de 1 à 5 nm. Dans ce travail deux types d'émission X ont été utilisées : - les raies caractéristiques produites par un tube X à anticathode gazeuse ; - les raies de la série de Lyman correspondant à la désexcitation d'un ion hydrogénoïde produit par échange de charge. Un très bon accord a été trouvé entre les deux séries de mesures. Nous comparons les valeurs obtenues de R à celle d'un film de Langmuir-Blodgett (Myristate de Plomb) et d'un cristal organique (Phtalate acide de Rubidium).Reflectivity measurements of two Layered Synthetic Microstructures (LSM) of Tungsten-Silicium has been made in the 1-5 nm wavelength. In this work two kinds of soft X-ray radiations have been used : - characteristic X-rays emitted from an open-window X-ray tube ; - soft X-ray radiation accompanying the decay of hydrogen-like ions produced after charge-exchange. A very good agreement has been found between the two sets of measurements. We compare these latter R values with integrated reflectivity of other diffracting elements, namely : - a Langmuir-Blodgett film (Lead Myristate) - an organic crystal (Rubidium acid Phtalate : Rb AP)