Effect of divalent metal oxides on absorption spectra of some sodium borate glasses containing mixed nickel and iron oxides

367-374Absorption spectra of nickel and iron ions in some sodium borate glasses containing magnesia, cadmium oxide, zinc oxide, lime, strontium oxide or barium oxide were carried out to study the structure of these glasses and the effect of divalent metal oxides on the glass structure. Nickel usually exists in glass as divalent nickel ions in two different forms, octahedral (NiO6) and tetrahedral (NiO4), while iron usually exists in glass as ferrous and ferric states in two different forms, octahedral and tetrahedral according to the glass composition. The states of the transition metal ions in the glasses depend on several factors such as: (i) the polarizability of the oxygen ligands surrounding the transition metal ion; (ii) the mobility of the alkali ions and their field strengths and (iii) the opportunity of forming network units such as MO4 for some of the divalent metal oxides

Radiation effects on phosphate glasses: Review

Glass and its properties are subject to a variety of changes under the influence of high energy radiation. Therefore, radiation-induced defects in glasses requires high attention due to the wide application of glasses in optics on board space craft, in image guides for reactor inspection, in optical fiber waveguide and in mobilization of high level radioactive waste, for example . In this paper, we present a mini review on radiation effects on phosphate glasses. We review the influence of various irradiation sources on the response of phosphate glasses, focusing on the advances over the past decades.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe