3,911 research outputs found
Sistema de produção de banana para a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco.
bitstream/item/27822/1/sp-3.pd
Espacialização da soja nos biomas Amazônia, Cerrado, Mata Atlântica e Pampa entre os anos de 2007 e 2012.
Uma das culturas agrĂcolas que está em maior ascensĂŁo no Brasil nas Ăşltimas trĂŞs dĂ©cadas Ă© a soja, que ocupa 49% da área plantada de grĂŁos no paĂs. A soja Ă© cultivada principalmente nas regiões Sul e Centro-Oeste. A pesquisa feita objetivou demonstrar a distribuição espacial da produção de soja no Brasil em quatro biomas, AmazĂ´nia, Cerrado, Mata Atlântica e Pampa, nos anos de 2007 a 2012. A análise de cluster revelou as similaridades entre os biomas AmazĂ´nia e Cerrado quanto Ă produtividade mĂ©dia anual (kg/ha/ano). Os biomas AmazĂ´nia e Pampa apresentaram similaridades quanto à área plantada (ha). Mato Grosso, inserido nos biomas AmazĂ´nia e Cerrado, foi o estado que apresentou os maiores valores de produção mĂ©dia total e área mĂ©dia plantada
Spatial variability of litter temperature, relative air humidity and skin temperature of chicks in a commercial broiler house
ArticleThe thermal environment inside a broiler house has a great influence on animal welfare
and productivity during the production phase. Among the importance of the chicken litter is the
function of absorbing moisture, provide thermal insulation and provide a soft surface for broilers.
The skin temperature is an important physiological parameter to quantify the thermal comfort of
animals, its variations may occur as a function of thermal variables. So, the aim of this work was
to analyse the magnitude and spatial variability of chicken litter temperature and relative humidity
of the air and to correlate them with the spatial distribution of chicks’ skin surface temperature
throughout the broiler house during the 7th, 14th and 21st days of the chicks’ life, using
geostatistical techniques. The experiment was performed in a commercial broiler house located
in the western mesoregion of Minas Gerais, Brazil, where 28,000 male Cobb chicks were housed.
The heating system consisted of an industrial indirect-fired biomass furnace. The heated air was
inflated by an AC motor, 2,206 W of power, 1,725 RPM. Geostatistical techniques were used
through semivariogram analysis and isochore maps were generated through data interpolation by
kriging. The semivariogram was fitted by the restricted maximum likelihood method. The used
mathematical model was the spherical one. After fitting the semivariograms, the data were
interpolated by ordinary kriging. The semivariograms along with the isochore maps allowed
identifying the non-uniformity of spatial distribution of the broiler litter temperature throughout
the broiler house for 3 days of chicks’ life. It was observed that skin surface presented a positive
correlation with the litter temperature and a negative correlation with the air humidity. The
semivariograms along with the isochore maps allowed identifying the non-uniformity of spatial
distribution of the litter temperature, air humidity and skin temperature of chicks throughout the
broiler aviary for the three days. In addition, the use of geostatistics and distribution maps made
possible to identify different environmental conditions in regions inside the broiler house that
may harm the development of chicks
Principais caracterĂsticas do sistema de produção de hortaliças no MunicĂpio de Camocim de SĂŁo FĂ©lix, Pernambuco.
bitstream/CNPS/11850/1/bp25_2001_camocimsaofelix.pd
Phenotypic plasticity of composite beef cattle performance using reaction norms model with unknown covariate.
The objective of the present study was to determine the presence of genotype by environment interaction (G Ă— E) and to characterize the phenotypic plasticity of birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), postweaning weight gain (PWG) and yearling scrotal circumference (SC) in composite beef cattle using the reaction norms model with unknown covariate. The animals were born between 1995 and 2008 on 33 farms located throughout all Brazilian biomes between latitude −7° and −31°, longitude −40° and −63°. The contemporary group was chosen as the environmental descriptor, that is, the environmental covariate of the reaction norms. In general, higher estimates of direct heritability were observed in extreme favorable environments. The mean of direct heritability across the environmental gradient ranged from 0.05 to 0.51, 0.09 to 0.43, 0.01 to 0.43 and from 0.12 to 0.26 for BW, WW, PWG and SC, respectively. The variation in direct heritability observed indicates a different response to selection according to the environment in which the animals of the population are evaluated. The correlation between the level and slope of the reaction norm for BW and PWG was high, indicating that animals with higher average breeding values responded better to improvement in environmental conditions, a fact characterizing a scale of G Ă— E. Low correlation between the intercept and slope was obtained for WW and SC, implying re-ranking of animals in different environments. Genetic variation exists in the sensitivity of animals to the environment, a fact that permits the selection of more plastic or robust genotypes in the population studied. Thus, the G Ă— E is an important factor that should be considered in the genetic evaluation of the present population of composite beef cattle.Firstview article 27 set. 2012
Coffee crop coefficient prediction as a function of biophysical variables identified from RGB UAS images
Because of different Brazilian climatic conditions and the different plant conditions,
such as the stage of development and even the variety, wide variation may exist in the crop
coefficients () values, both spatially and temporally. Thus, the objective of this study was to
develop a methodology to determine the short-term using biophysical parameters of coffee
plants detected images obtained by an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS). The study was
conducted in Travessia variety coffee plantation. A UAS equipped with a digital camera was
used. The images were collected in the field and were processed in Agisoft PhotoScan software.
The data extracted from the images were used to calculate the biophysical parameters: leaf area
index (LAI), leaf area (LA) and . GeoDA software was used for mapping and spatial analysis.
The pseudo-significance test was applied with p < 0.05 to validate the statistic. Moran's index (I)
for June was 0.228 and for May was 0.286. Estimates of values in June varied between 0.963
and 1.005. In May, the values were 1.05 for 32 blocks. With this study, a methodology was
developed that enables the estimation of using remotely generated biophysical crop data
Sequential Injection Analysis: A Powerful Tool for Routine Soil and Plant Laboratories
Sequential injection analysis (SIA) present attractive characteristics for analyses in large scale. In SIA the analytical determination can be performed automatically reducing the number of steps usually involved in a chemical analysis. In order to demonstrate the advantages found in the implementation of a SIA procedure in a laboratory dedicated to routine analyze, the determination of volatile nitrogen in silage and soil samples has been performed. The nitrogen content was determined after NH3 on-line separation in alkaline conditions by using a gaseous diffusion or a pervaporation unit for liquid-liquid separation. An ammonium tubular selective electrode detector was used for determinations
Analysis of flight parameters and georeferencing of images with different control points obtained by RPA
ArticleNew techniques for analysing the earth's surface have been explored, such as the use
of remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) to obtain aerial images. However, one of the obstacles of
photogrammetry is the reliability of the scenes, because in some cases, considerable geometric
errors are generated, thus necessitating adjustments. Some parameters used in these adjustments
are image overlaps and control points, which generate uncertainties about the amount and
arrangement of these points in an area. The aim of this study was to test the potential of a
commercial RPA for monitoring and its applicability in the management of and decision-making
about coffee crops with two different overlaps and to evaluate geometric errors by applying four
grids of georeferenced points. The study area is located in an experimental Arabica coffee
plantation measuring 0.65 ha. To capture the images, the flight altitude was standardized to a
30 m altitude from the ground, and a constant travel speed of 3 m s
-1 was used. The treatments
studied were two combinations of image overlap, namely, 80/80% and 70/60%. Six points were
tracked through Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers and identified with signs,
followed by an RPA flight for image collection. The obtained results indicated distinct residual
error rates pointing to larger errors along Cartesian axis Y, demonstrating that the point
distribution directly affects the residual errors. The use of control points is necessary for image
adjustments, but to optimize their application, it is necessary to consider the shape of the area to
be studied and to distribute the points in a non-biased way relative to the coordinate axes. It is
concluded that the lower overlap can be recommended for use in the flight plan due to the high
resolution of the orthomosaic and the shorter processing time
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