144 research outputs found

    Muscular activity of patella and hip stabilizers of healthy subjects during squat exercises

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    CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: Atualmente relaciona-se a fraqueza dos músculos do quadril e da coxa ao surgimento da dor anterior no joelho (DAJ). Dessa maneira, compreender como os agachamentos devem ser realizados para melhorar a ativação elétrica desses músculos é importante para o tratamento fisioterapêutico. OBJETIVO: Comparar a ativação mioelétrica de estabilizadores da patela e pelve entre as posições de agachamentos convencional e associado à contração isométrica em adução e abdução da coxa em indivíduos sem queixa de DAJ. MÉTODOS: O sinal eletromiográfico foi captado a partir de eletrodos duplo-diferenciais posicionados nos músculos vasto medial oblíquo (VMO), vasto lateral oblíquo (VLO), vasto lateral longo (VLL) e glúteo médio (GMed) em 15 mulheres sedentárias e clinicamente saudáveis, durante a contração de agachamentos convencional e associados à adução e à abdução isométrica da coxa com carga de 25% do peso corporal. A análise estatística empregada foi o modelo linear de efeitos mistos, com significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: A associação da adução e abdução isométrica da coxa no agachamento produziu cerca de 0,47 (0,2) e 0,59 (0,22), respectivamente, de atividade elétrica do músculo GMed, enquanto o agachamento convencional (AGA) produziu 0,33 (0,27) de atividade elétrica. A maior ativação do VMO aconteceu na contração de agachamento associado à adução da coxa e foi de 0,59 (0,27); já o músculo VLL apresentou uma maior atividade elétrica durante o agachamento associado à abdução, sendo de 0,60 (0,32). CONCLUSÃO: O exercício de agachamento associado à adução da coxa promoveu uma maior ativação muscular do VMO, além de aumentar a atividade muscular do GMed.BACKGROUND: Hip and knee muscle weaknesses have been associated with the onset of anterior knee pain (AKP). Therefore, the understanding of how squats exercises can be performed in order to optimize the electrical activity of these muscles is relevant for physical therapy treatments. OBJECTIVE: To compare the electromyographic activity of patella and pelvic stabilizers during traditional squat and squat associated with isometric hip adduction or abduction in subjects without AKP. METHODS: Electromyography signals were captured using double-differential electrodes at the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), vastus lateralis obliquus (VLO), vastus lateralis longus (VLL) and gluteus medium (GMed) in 15 healthy and sedentary women during squats exercises: traditional and associated with hip adduction and hip abduction with load of 25% of body weight. Linear mixed models with significance level of 5% were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Squat associated with hip adduction and abduction produced electromyographic activity of GMed of 0.47 (0.2) and 0.59 (0.22) respectively, while conventional squat produced an electromyiographic activity of 0.33 (0.27). The higher VMO activity was 0.59 (0.27) during the isometric contraction in the squat associated with hip adduction. The higher VLO activity was 0.60 (0.32) during isometric contraction in the squat associated with hip abduction. CONCLUSION: Squat exercise associated with hip adduction increased VMO muscle activity as well as the activity of GMed activity.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

    Efetividade de genes de resistência de trigo a oídio, safra 2007.

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    bitstream/CNPT-2010/40711/1/p-do93.pd

    Insights into HLA-G Genetics Provided by Worldwide Haplotype Diversity

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    Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) belongs to the family of non-classical HLA class I genes, located within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). HLA-G has been the target of most recent research regarding the function of class I non-classical genes. The main features that distinguish HLA-G from classical class I genes are (a) limited protein variability, (b) alternative splicing generating several membrane bound and soluble isoforms, (c) short cytoplasmic tail, (d) modulation of immune response (immune tolerance), and (e) restricted expression to certain tissues. In the present work, we describe the HLA-G gene structure and address the HLA-G variability and haplotype diversity among several populations around the world, considering each of its major segments [promoter, coding, and 3'untranslated region (UTR)] For this purpose, we developed a pipeline to reevaluate the 1000Genomes data and recover miscalled or missing genotypes and haplotypes. It became clear that the overall structure of the HLA-G molecule has been maintained during the evolutionary process and that most of the variation sites found in the HLA-G coding region are either coding synonymous or intronic mutations. In addition, only a few frequent and divergent extended haplotypes are found when the promoter, coding, and 3'UTRs are evaluated together. The divergence is particularly evident for the regulatory regions. The population comparisons confirmed that most of the HLA-G variability has originated before human dispersion from Africa and that the allele and haplotype frequencies have probably been shaped by strong selective pressures.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

    The heme-based oxygen sensor Rhizobium etli FixL: influence of auxiliary ligands on heme redox potential and implications on the enzyme activity

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    Conformational changes associated to sensing mechanisms of heme-based protein sensors are a key molecular event that seems to modulate not only the protein activity but also the potential of the Fe redox couple of the heme domain. In this work, midpoint potentials (E) assigned to the Fe redox couple of the heme domain of FixL from Rhizobium etli (ReFixL) in the unliganded and liganded states were determined by spectroelectrochemistry in the presence of inorganic mediators. In comparison to the unliganded ReFixL protein (+ 19 mV), the binding to ligands that switch off the kinase activity induces a negative shift, i. e. E = − 51, − 57 and − 156 mV for O, imidazole and CN, respectively. Upon binding to CO, which does not affect the kinase active, E was observed at + 21 mV. The potential values observed for Fe of the heme domain of ReFixL upon binding to CO and O do not follow the expected trend based on thermodynamics, assuming that positive potential shift would be expected for ligands that bind to and therefore stabilize the Fe state. Our results suggest that the conformational changes that switch off kinase activity upon O binding have knock-on effects to the local environment of the heme, such as solvent rearrangement, destabilize the Fe state and counterbalances the Fe-stabilizing influence of the O ligand

    Potencial de rendimento de grãos e outras características agronômicas e tecnológicas de novos genótipos de trigo.

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    Estudou-se o comportamento de 17 novos genótipos de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) tendo comotestemunha as cultivares IAC 370, IAC 289 e IAC 350 em experimentos semeados em dois sistemas decultivo, sequeiro: Capão Bonito e Itapeva, e irrigação por aspersão: Paranapanema, Ribeirão Preto e Mococa,no período de 2001 a 2002, no Estado de São Paulo. Avaliaram-se os rendimentos de grãos de cada genótipoem relação às diferentes condições de cultivo, tolerância ao alumínio com o emprego de soluções nutritivas,reação às principais doenças fúngicas e a qualidade tecnológica da farinha. Destacaram-se, na média geral,quanto ao rendimento de grãos os genótipos ALD/CEP76630//CEP73234/PF7219/3/BUC?S?/BYJ?S? eMARNG/BUC?S?//BLO?S? /PSN?S?/3/BUC/PVN?S?, em cultivo de sequeiro e com irrigação por aspersão,respectivamente. Os genótipos CNO79/PRL?S?//IAC 227 e RAC 646/BH 1146 foram tão tolerantes àtoxicidade de Al3+ quanto a cultivar tolerante BH 1146. A incidência da ferrugem-da-folha não foi constatadanos genótipos CHAT?S?/CEP7780//PRL?S?/ BOW?S??, SABUF, WG 3070/2*WEAVER e ALDAN?S?/IAS58//IAC 60 que foram imunes à doença, no biênio em estudo, em ambos os sistemas de cultivo. Todos osgenótipos foram suscetíveis aos agentes causais das manchas foliares. A qualidade tecnológica das amostrasde farinhas procedentes de Capão Bonito, Região Sudoeste, foram superiores às obtidas em Ribeirão Preto,Região Central do Estado São Paulo

    Universality and scaling study of the critical behavior of the two-dimensional Blume-Capel model in short-time dynamics

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    In this paper we study the short-time behavior of the Blume-Capel model at the tricritical point as well as along the second order critical line. Dynamic and static exponents are estimated by exploring scaling relations for the magnetization and its moments at early stage of the dynamic evolution. Our estimates for the dynamic exponents, at the tricritical point, are z=2.215(2)z= 2.215(2) and θ=0.53(2)\theta= -0.53(2).Comment: 12 pages, 9 figure
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