Cooper-pair transport through a Hubbard chain sandwiched between two superconductors: Density matrix renormalization group calculations

We present a numerical approach to study the coherent transport of Cooper pairs through a Hubbard chain, and study the role of the contacts in achieving perfect Andreev reflection. We calculate the pair transport using the Density Matrix Renormalization Group by measuring the response of the system to quantum pair fields with complex phases on the two ends of an open system. This approach gives an effective superfluid weight which is in close agreement with the Bethe Ansatz results for the superfluid weight for closed Hubbard rings.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Probing the pairing symmetry and pair charge stiffness of doped t−Jt-J ladders

We perform the numerical equivalent of a phase sensitive experiment on doped $t-J$ ladders. We apply proximity effect fields with different complex phases at both ends of an open system and we study the transport of Cooper pairs. Measuring the response of the system and the induced Josephson current, Density Matrix Renormalization Group calculations show how, depending on the doping fraction, the rung-leg parity of the pair field changes from minus to plus as the density of holes is increased. We also study the pair charge stiffness, and we observe a supression of the superconductivity in the region where static stripes appear. We compare our results with predictions from bosonization and renormalization group analysis.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Topological Confinement and Superconductivity

We derive a Kondo Lattice model with a correlated conduction band from a two-band Hubbard Hamiltonian. This mapping allows us to describe the emergence of a robust pairing mechanism in a model that only contains repulsive interactions. The mechanism is due to topological confinement and results from the interplay between antiferromagnetism and delocalization. By using Density-Matrix-Renormalization-Group (DMRG), we demonstrate that this mechanism leads to dominant superconducting correlations in a 1D-system.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii solitary waves in optical lattices: stabilization using the artificial quartic kinetic energy induced by lattice shaking

In this Letter, we show that a three-dimensional Bose-Einstein solitary wave can become stable if the dispersion law is changed from quadratic to quartic. We suggest a way to realize the quartic dispersion, using shaken optical lattices. Estimates show that the resulting solitary waves can occupy as little as $\sim 1/20$-th of the Brillouin zone in each of the three directions and contain as many as $N = 10^{3}$ atoms, thus representing a \textit{fully mobile} macroscopic three-dimensional object.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, accepted in Phys. Lett.

A study of long range order in certain two-dimensional frustrated lattices

We have studied the Heisenberg antiferromagnets on two-dimensional frustrated lattices, triangular and kagome lattices using linear spin-wave theory. A collinear ground state ordering is possible if one of the three bonds in each triangular plaquette of the lattice becomes weaker or frustrated. We study spiral order in the Heisenberg model along with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction and in the presence of a magnetic field. The quantum corrections to the ground state energy and sublattice magnetization are calculated analytically in the case of triangular lattice with nearesr-neighbour interaction. The corrections depend on the DM interaction strength and the magnetic field. We find that the DM interaction stabilizes the long-range order, reducing the effect of quantum fluctuations. Similar conclusions are reached for the kagome lattice. We work out the linear spin-wave theory at first with only nearest-neighbour (nn) terms for the kagome lattice. We find that the nn interaction is not sufficient to remove the effects of low energy fluctuations. The flat branch in the excitation spectrum becomes dispersive on addition of furthet neighbour interactions. The ground state energy and the excitation spectrum have been obtained for various cases.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure

Quasi-Fermi liquid behavior in a one-dimensional system of interacting spinless fermions

We present numerical evidence for a new paradigm in one-dimensional interacting fermion systems, whose phenomenology has traits of both, Luttinger liquids and Fermi liquids. This new state, dubbed a quasi-Fermi liquid, possesses a discontinuity in its fermion occupation number at the Fermi momentum. The excitation spectrum presents particle-like quasiparticles, and absence of hole-like quasiparticles, giving rise instead to edge singularities. Such a state is realized in a one-dimensional spinless fermion lattice Hamiltonian by fine-tuning the interactions to a regime where they become irrelevant in the renormalization group sense. We show, using uniform infinite matrix products states and finite-entanglement scaling analysis, that the system ground state is characterized by a Luttinger parameter $K = 1$ and a discontinuous jump in the fermion occupation number. We support the characterization with calculations of the spectral function, that show a particle-hole asymmetry reflected in the existence of well-defined Landau quasiparticles above the Fermi level, and edge singularities without the associated quasiparticles below. These results indicate that the quasi-Fermi liquid paradigm can be realized beyond the low-energy perturbative realm.Comment: 9+3 pages; 8+4 figure