14,342 research outputs found
Countability properties of some Berkovich spaces
We prove that any compact Berkovich space over the field of Laurent series
over an arbitrary field is angelic. In particular, is it sequentially compact.Comment: 11 page
Equitable Self-Ownership for Animals
This Article proposes a new use of existing property law concepts to change the juristic personhood status of animals. Presently, animals are classified as personal property, which gives them no status or standing in the legal system for the protection or promotion of their interests. Professor Favre suggest that it is possible and appropriate to divide living property into its legal and equitable components, and then to transfer the equitable title of an animal from the legal title holder to the animal herself. This would create a new, limited form of self-ownership in an animal, an equitably self-owned animal. Such a new status would have two primary impacts. First, the animal would have access to the legal system, at least in what has historically been the realm of equity, for the protection and assertion of his or her interests. Secondly, the human holder of legal title will, like a traditional trustee, have obligations to the equitable owner of the animal, that is the animal himself. As the subject matter of this trust-like relationship would be a living being, not money or wealth, the legal owner would best be characterized as a guardian, rather than by the traditional category of trustee. The Article concludes with a short discussion of the use of anti-cruelty law and human guardianship concepts as providing a context for the further development of this new concept of equitable self-ownership
The Impact of Immigration on the Wage Distribution in Switzerland
Recent immigrants in Switzerland are overrepresented at the top of the wage distribution in high and at the bottom in low skill occupations. Basic economic theory thus suggests that immigration has led to a compression of the wage distribution in the former group and to an expansion in the latter. The data confirm this proposition for high skill occupations, but reveal effects close to zero for low skill occupations. While the estimated wage effects are of considerable magnitude at the tails of the wage distribution in high skill occupations, the effects on overall inequality are shown to be negligible.Immigration, Wage Distribution, Occupation Groups, Inequality
On a Navier-Stokes-Allen-Cahn model with inertial effects
A mathematical model describing the flow of two-phase fluids in a bounded
container is considered under the assumption that the phase transition
process is influenced by inertial effects. The model couples a variant of the
Navier-Stokes system for the velocity with an Allen-Cahn-type equation for
the order parameter relaxed in time in order to introduce inertia.
The resulting model is characterized by second-order material derivatives which
constitute the main difficulty in the mathematical analysis. Actually, in order
to obtain a tractable problem, a viscous relaxation term is included in the
phase equation. The mathematical results consist in existence of weak solutions
in 3D and, under additional assumptions, existence and uniqueness of strong
solutions in 2D. A partial characterization of the long-time behavior of
solutions is also given and in particular some issues related to dissipation of
energy are discussed.Comment: 24 page
Continuity of the Green function in meromorphic families of polynomials
We prove that along any marked point the Green function of a meromorphic
family of polynomials parameterized by the punctured unit disk explodes
exponentially fast near the origin with a continuous error term.Comment: Modified references. Added a corollary about the adelic metric
associated with an algebraic family endowed with a marked poin
A generic model of dyadic social relationships
We introduce a model of dyadic social interactions and establish its
correspondence with relational models theory (RMT), a theory of human social
relationships. RMT posits four elementary models of relationships governing
human interactions, singly or in combination: Communal Sharing, Authority
Ranking, Equality Matching, and Market Pricing. To these are added the limiting
cases of asocial and null interactions, whereby people do not coordinate with
reference to any shared principle. Our model is rooted in the observation that
each individual in a dyadic interaction can do either the same thing as the
other individual, a different thing or nothing at all. To represent these three
possibilities, we consider two individuals that can each act in one out of
three ways toward the other: perform a social action X or Y, or alternatively
do nothing. We demonstrate that the relationships generated by this model
aggregate into six exhaustive and disjoint categories. We propose that four of
these categories match the four relational models, while the remaining two
correspond to the asocial and null interactions defined in RMT. We generalize
our results to the presence of N social actions. We infer that the four
relational models form an exhaustive set of all possible dyadic relationships
based on social coordination. Hence, we contribute to RMT by offering an answer
to the question of why there could exist just four relational models. In
addition, we discuss how to use our representation to analyze data sets of
dyadic social interactions, and how social actions may be valued and matched by
the agents
Event detection, tracking, and visualization in Twitter: a mention-anomaly-based approach
The ever-growing number of people using Twitter makes it a valuable source of
timely information. However, detecting events in Twitter is a difficult task,
because tweets that report interesting events are overwhelmed by a large volume
of tweets on unrelated topics. Existing methods focus on the textual content of
tweets and ignore the social aspect of Twitter. In this paper we propose MABED
(i.e. mention-anomaly-based event detection), a novel statistical method that
relies solely on tweets and leverages the creation frequency of dynamic links
(i.e. mentions) that users insert in tweets to detect significant events and
estimate the magnitude of their impact over the crowd. MABED also differs from
the literature in that it dynamically estimates the period of time during which
each event is discussed, rather than assuming a predefined fixed duration for
all events. The experiments we conducted on both English and French Twitter
data show that the mention-anomaly-based approach leads to more accurate event
detection and improved robustness in presence of noisy Twitter content.
Qualitatively speaking, we find that MABED helps with the interpretation of
detected events by providing clear textual descriptions and precise temporal
descriptions. We also show how MABED can help understanding users' interest.
Furthermore, we describe three visualizations designed to favor an efficient
exploration of the detected events.Comment: 17 page
The dynamical Manin-Mumford problem for plane polynomial automorphisms
Let be a polynomial automorphism of the affine plane. In this paper we
consider the possibility for it to possess infinitely many periodic points on
an algebraic curve . We conjecture that this happens if and only if
admits a time-reversal symmetry; in particular the Jacobian
must be a root of unity.
As a step towards this conjecture, we prove that the Jacobian of and all
its Galois conjugates lie on the unit circle in the complex plane. Under mild
additional assumptions we are able to conclude that indeed is
a root of unity. We use these results to show in various cases that any two
automorphisms sharing an infinite set of periodic points must have a common
iterate, in the spirit of recent results by Baker-DeMarco and Yuan-Zhang.Comment: 45 pages. Theorems A and B are now extended to automorphisms defined
over any field of characteristic zer
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