Relationship between Job Burnout and Quality of Life of Operation Room Technologists in Educational Hospitals Affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2016-17

AbstractIntroduction: Quality of life is affected by Job burnout, which can be caused by long-term exposure to occupational stress. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between job burnout and quality of life of operation room technologists.Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 125 operation room technologists were randomly selected. The data were collected using three questionnaires: Demographic, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and WHO Quality of Life-BREF with 26 items, and analyzed using Spearman correlation test in SPSS software, and the significance level was considered as P≤0.05.Results: The mean of Job burnout score in terms of intensity, frequency, and quality of life was 47.88±17.50, 47.95±17.42, and 63.1±18.57, respectively. There was an inverse correlation between quality of life and job burnout in terms of Intensity (P<0.01) and frequency (P<0.05).Conclusions: Considering the significant inverse correlation between job burnout and quality of life, reducing the job burnout of employees can increase their quality of life and consequently prevent from the reduction of their productivity

Effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract on weight, hematology and cell-mediated immune response of newborn goat kids

This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different levels of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract on growth rate, hematology and cell-mediated immune response in Markhoz newborn goat kids. Twenty four goat kids (aged 7 +/- 3 days) were randomly allotted to four groups with six replicates. The groups included: control, T1, T2 and T3 groups which received supplemented-milk with 0, 100, 200 and 400mg aqueous rosemary extract per kg of live body weight per day for 42 days. Body weights of kids were measured weekly until the end of the experiment. On day 42, 10 ml blood samples were collected from each kid through the jugular vein. Cell-mediated immune response was assessed through the double skin thickness after intradermal injection of phyto-hematoglutinin (PHA) at day 21 and 42. No significant differences were seen in initial body weight, average daily gain (ADG) and total gain. However, significant differences in globulin (P 0.05), and white blood cells (WBC) (P 0.001) were observed. There were no significant differences in haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), lymphocytes and neutrophils between the treatments. Skin thickness in response to intra dermal injection of PHA significantly increased in the treated groups as compared to the control group at day 42 (P 0.01) with the T3 group showing the highest response to PHA injection. In conclusion, the results indicated that aqueous rosemary extract supplemented-milk had a positive effect on immunity and skin thickness of newborn goat kids

Level of Moral Distress in Operating Room Technologist Students in Iran: A Cross‑Sectional Study

AbstractIntroduction: Moral distress is one of the issues considered in the educational environment. That it can affect the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of individuals and access to ethical and educational goals. This study aimed to investigate the moral distress in operating room technologist students of Iran University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on Iran University of Medical Sciences' operating room technologist students in 2017. Data were collected with two questionnaires, including demographic information and a moral distress questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using an independent t-test and one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05).Results: In this study, 121 operating room technologist students participated. The mean score of moral distress in the scores' severity and frequency dimensions was (3.5 ± 1.76) and (3.11 ± 1.6), respectively. The results showed that only age and semester had a significant relationship with the total score of moral distress, and with increasing age and semester, students’ moral pain has decreased.Conclusions: This study's results indicated that the moral distress in operating room technologist students was moderate, which requires investigating the factors involved in creating moral distress and providing strategies and measures to reduce its adverse effects in the educational setting

Design and Effect of Neurosurgical Educational Software Using Gamification on Students’ Learning and Motivation

Introduction: Gamification is an innovative learning approach that, when combined with technology, aligns well with students’ preferences. Recognizing the necessity of employing effective educational methods in surgical team training, this study aims to examine the impact of gamification-based educational software on students’ learning and motivation in the surgical technology field.Methods: This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental single-group pre-and post-test design in Iran in 2023. The study sample comprised 40 undergraduate students majoring in surgical technology, selected through a census method. The educational software is designed according to the nine principles of the model of Karl Kapp and Sharon Buller, using the mechanics, dynamics and aesthetics (MDA) framework. After implementation, the software’s impact on students’ learning and motivation was assessed. The students’ learning levels before and after using the educational software were evaluated using a multiple-choice test. To measure students’ motivation, a researcher-developed questionnaire was utilized. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of the distribution of the studied variables. Through SPSS version 26, descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were analyzed along with inferential statistics, including paired t-tests. Results: Among the participants, 55% were female, and the sample had a mean age of 22.30±0.99 years. A significant difference was observed between the mean learning scores before and after using the educational software (10.43±4.38 vs. 21±4.11, P<0.001). The motivation level of the students showed a significant increase.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, gamification-based software has led to improved learning and increased motivation among students in surgical technology

The effect of 7.5% Povidone-Iodine versus 0.2% Chlorhexidine on Microbial Count of Surgical Site in Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: One of the most common preventive methods of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is preoperative skin preparation. Selecting the skin antiseptic before surgery is an important step that can reduce SSI risk. Aim: The present study was performed with aim to compare the effect of 7.5% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and 70% alcohol versus 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHG) and 70% alcohol on the microbial count of the surgical site in the abdominal surgery. Method: This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted between March 2017 and July 2018 at the educational-therapeutic centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The patients aged ≥18 years who underwent elective abdominal surgery were randomly assigned into two groups to have their skin cleaned before surgery with CHG-alcohol or PVP-I-alcohol. Also, before skin prep, after the primary prep and after the secondary prep, microbial cultures were taken. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (version 16) and Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Wilcoxon and U-Mann-Whitney tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The microbial counts mean differences before and after skin preparation with PVP-I-alcohol were significant (P0.05). Implications for Practice: This study did not demonstrate an overall superiority of 2% CHG over 7.5% PVP-I skin preparation solution or vice versa. Both groups can be used to prepare patients' skin before abdominal surgery due to the affordability conditions and availability

Outsourcing and scheduling for a two-machine flow shop with release times

<p>This article addresses a two-machine flow shop scheduling problem where jobs are released intermittently and outsourcing is allowed. The first operations of outsourced jobs are processed by the first subcontractor, they are transported in batches to the second subcontractor for processing their second operations, and finally they are transported back to the manufacturer. The objective is to select a subset of jobs to be outsourced, to schedule both the in-house and the outsourced jobs, and to determine a transportation plan for the outsourced jobs so as to minimize the sum of the makespan and the outsourcing and transportation costs. Two mathematical models of the problem and several necessary optimality conditions are presented. A solution approach is then proposed by incorporating the dominance properties with an ant colony algorithm. Finally, computational experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the models and solution approach.</p

Rotation Invariant Retina Identification Based on the Sketch of Vessels Using Angular Partitioning

Abstract — In this paper, we propose a new retina identification system using angular partitioning. In this algorithm, first all of the images are normalized in a preprocessing step. Then, the blood vessels ’ pattern is extracted from retina images and a morphological thinning process is applied on the extracted pattern. After thinning, a feature vector based on the angular partitioning of the pattern image is extracted from the blood vessels ’ pattern. The extracted features are rotation and scale invariant and robust against translation. In the next stage, the extracted feature vector is analyzed using 1D discrete Fourier transform and the Manhattan metric is used to measure the closeness of the feature vector to have a compression on them. Experimental results on a database, including 360 retina images obtained from 40 subjects, demonstrated an average true identification accuracy rate equal to 98 percent for the proposed system. Keywords—Human identification, Retina identification, Sketch, and Angular partitioning

Study Of Organizational Preparedness For Establishment Of Employees Suggestion Plan In Tehran University Of Medical Sciences

Background and Aim: Employees suggestion plan (ESP) is designed to encourage and improve employees’ participation in developmental planning. The establishment of this system needs cultural, individual and structural preparedness. This study is aimed to determine organizational preparedness in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Materials and Methods: This research was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted in TUMS headquarters in Tehran, Iran. The heterogeneous sample of this study consisted of 155 employees. They were asked to fill out a researcher-made questionnaire to assess their attitude towards organizational preparedness for ESP establishment. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. The data were analyzed by SPSS, and descriptive results were presented. The data were also analyzed by Friedman and ANOVA statistical methods. Results: Most of the employees had a positive attitude towards the existence of individual and cultural preparedness for ESP establishment in TUMS. However, they believed the desired structural preparedness for this process did not exist. Conclusion : The desired organizational preparedness for ESP establishment exists in TUMS, although structural preparedness is not desirable. Therefore, it is suggested that necessary modifications should be made in TUMS organizational structure for effective ESP implementation

The Effect of Partnership Care Model on Mental Health of Patients with Thalassemia Major

Background. Thalassemia major has become a public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing and poor countries, while the role of educating the family and community has not been considered enough in patients’ care. Objectives. This study examines the impact of partnership care model on mental health of patients with beta-thalassemia major. Materials and Methods. This experimental study, with pretest and posttest design, was performed on patients with beta-thalassemia major in Jiroft city. 82 patients with beta-thalassemia major were allocated randomly into two groups of intervention (41 patients) and control (n=41) groups. Mental health of the participants was measured using the standard questionnaire GHQ-28 before and after intervention in both groups. The intervention was applied to the intervention group for 6 months, based on the partnership care model. Results. There were significant differences between the scores of mental health and its subscales between two groups after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusions. The findings of the study revealed the efficacy and usefulness of partnership care model on mental health of patients with beta-thalassemia major; thus, implementation of this model is suggested for the improvement of mental health of patients with beta-thalassemia major