Surveillance data of the Indian Network for Fishery and Animal Antimicrobial Resistance (INFAAR)

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now recognized as a major global public health problem which has been aggravated by the irrational use of antimicrobial agents in human and animal health as well as the presence of these agents in the environment. AMR in animal pathogens makes disease treatments ineffective, increases the severity of the disease, reduces productivity and leads to economic losses. In addition, more than half the quantity of antimicrobials used in animals/fish is excreted as waste contaminating soil, water and the environment. This also contributes to the emergence and spread of AMR through selection pressure on microorganisms in the environment. Besides, antimicrobial usage (AMU) can lead to presence of antimicrobial residues in edible animal/fish products which could become a public health risk. Understanding the dynamics of AMR and its surveillance can only be done through quality laboratory services

Occurrence of Eimeria species parasites on small-scale commercial chicken farms in Africa and indication of economic profitability.

Small-scale commercial poultry production is emerging as an important form of livestock production in Africa, providing sources of income and animal protein to many poor households, yet the occurrence and impact of coccidiosis on this relatively new production system remains unknown. The primary objective of this study was to examine Eimeria parasite occurrence on small-scale commercial poultry farms in Ghana, Tanzania and Zambia. Additionally, farm economic viability was measured by calculating the farm gross margin and enterprise budget. Using these economic measures as global assessments of farm productivity, encompassing the diversity present in regional husbandry systems with a measure of fundamental local relevance, we investigated the detection of specific Eimeria species as indicators of farm profitability. Faecal samples and data on production parameters were collected from small-scale (less than 2,000 birds per batch) intensive broiler and layer farms in peri-urban Ghana, Tanzania and Zambia. All seven Eimeria species recognised to infect the chicken were detected in each country. Furthermore, two of the three genetic variants (operational taxonomic units) identified previously in Australia have been described outside of Australia for the first time. Detection of the most pathogenic Eimeria species associated with decreased farm profitability and may be considered as an indicator of likely farm performance. While a causal link remains to be demonstrated, the presence of highly pathogenic enteric parasites may pose a threat to profitable, sustainable small-scale poultry enterprises in Africa

Influenza at the animal–human interface: a review of the literature for virological evidence of human infection with swine or avian influenza viruses other than A(H5N1)

Factors that trigger human infection with animal influenza virus progressing into a pandemic are poorly understood. Within a project developing an evidence-based risk assessment framework for influenza viruses in animals, we conducted a review of the literature for evidence of human infection with animal influenza viruses by diagnostic methods used. The review covering Medline, Embase, SciSearch and CabAbstracts yielded 6,955 articles, of which we retained 89; for influenza A(H5N1) and A(H7N9), the official case counts of the World Health Organization were used. An additional 30 studies were included by scanning the reference lists. Here, we present the findings for confirmed infections with virological evidence. We found reports of 1,419 naturally infected human cases, of which 648 were associated with avian influenza virus (AIV) A(H5N1), 375 with other AIV subtypes, and 396 with swine influenza virus (SIV). Human cases naturally infected with AIV spanned haemagglutinin subtypes H5, H6, H7, H9 and H10. SIV cases were associated with endemic SIV of H1 and H3 subtype descending from North American and Eurasian SIV lineages and various reassortants thereof. Direct exposure to birds or swine was the most likely source of infection for the cases with available information on exposure

IYAFA 2022 | Workshop of small-scale marine fishers

The ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI, https://www.cmfri.org.in/), India, is the country's premier marine fisheries research Institute and formulation of fisheries management guidelines is one of its major mandates. ICAR-CMFRI has also been working towards improving India's small-scale marine fisheries sector. As a part of its celebrations on #IYAFA 2022, a Workshop and Stakeholders meeting of small-scale marine fishers was organized at the Calicut Regional Station of ICAR-CMFRI on 30/12/2022. Diverse small-scale marine fishers from northern Kerala participated in the programme. The meeting called for inclusive fisheries development and an understanding of the current challenges faced by SSF

SIPAL - Sistema Informatico para la Planificacion de la Acuicultura en Latinoamerica y el Caribe: diseno conceptual

Summaries (En, Es)bilingual ed. Job number added acc. to DOCREP assignmentSummar

FISHIN notes and records. Occasional papers no. 3

Job number added acc. to DOCREP assignmen

Fisheries management in south-east Lake Malawi, the Upper Shire River and Lake Malombe with particular reference to chambo (Oreochromis spp.)

Summary (En)SummaryThis report summarizes the results of a four-year Government of Malawi/UNDP/FAO project to establish the basis for a management strategy for the chambo (Oreochromis spp.) fisheries in the South-East Arm of Lake Malawi, the upper Shire River and Lake Malombe. Three species were the focus of the study, but because of the complexity of the fisheries and their multispecies character, it was necessary to take account of the other stocks involved. The report lays out, then integrates the findings from a broad spectrum of investigations including fishery statistical systems and data, taxonomy, biology and growth of chambo with attention to other important fishes, stock assessment, descriptions of the fisheries, socio-economics and fish marketing. Also included are detailed scenarios and recommendations for the management of the fisheries including social and economic consequence